PREFACE. ...............................................................................................................................................2

CHAPTER I. THE OLD HOMESTEAD IN IOWA...............................................................................3

CHAPTER II. WILL'S FIRST INDIAN. .................................................................................................6

CHAPTER III. THE SHADOW OF PARTISAN STRIFE. ....................................................................9

CHAPTER IV. PERSECUTION CONTINUES...................................................................................11

CHAPTER V. THE "BOY EXTRA." ....................................................................................................15

CHAPTER VI. FAMILY DEFENDER AND HOUSEHOLD TEASE................................................19

CHAPTER VII. INDIAN ENCOUNTER AND SCHOOLDAY INCIDENTS. .................................23

CHAPTER VIII. DEATH AND BURIAL OF TURK..........................................................................29

CHAPTER IX. WILL AS PONY EXPRESS RIDER. ..........................................................................33

CHAPTER X. ECHOES FROM SUMTER..........................................................................................37

CHAPTER XI. A SHORT BUT DASHING INDIAN CAMPAIGN. ...................................................41

CHAPTER XII. THE MOTHER'S LAST ILLNESS............................................................................44

CHAPTER XIII. IN THE SECRETSERVICE. ...................................................................................50

CHAPTER XIV. A RESCUE AND A BETROTHAL. ........................................................................55

CHAPTER XV. WILL AS A BENEDICT. ...........................................................................................59

CHAPTER XVI. HOW THE SOBRIQUET OF "BUFFALO BILL" WAS WON..............................66

CHAPTER XVII. SATANTA, CHIEF OF THE KIOWAS. .................................................................70

CHAPTER XVIII. WILL MADE CHIEF OF SCOUTS. ......................................................................74

CHAPTER XIX. ARMY LIFE AT FORT M'PHERSON. ....................................................................77

CHAPTER XX. PAHASKA, THE LONGHAIRED CHIEF.........................................................82

CHAPTER XXI. THE HUNT OF THE GRAND DUKE ALEXIS. .....................................................86

CHAPTER XXII. THEATRICAL EXPERIENCES.............................................................................90

CHAPTER XXIII. THE GOVERNMENT'S INDIAN POLICY..........................................................94

CHAPTER XXIV. LITERARY WORK...............................................................................................98

CHAPTER XXV. FIRST VISIT TO THE VALLEY OF THE BIG HORN......................................102

CHAPTER XXVI. TOUR OF GREAT BRITAIN. .............................................................................106

CHAPTER XXVII. RETURN OF THE "WILD WEST" TO AMERICA. .........................................111

CHAPTER XXVIII. A TRIBUTE TO GENERAL MILES. ...............................................................115

CHAPTER XXIX. THE "WILD WEST" AT THE WORLD'S FAIR................................................117

CHAPTER XXX. CODY DAY AT THE OMAHA EXPOSITION. ..................................................122

CHAPTER XXXI. THE LAST OF THE GREAT SCOUTS. .............................................................127

The following genealogical sketch was compiled in 1897. The crest is copied from John Rooney's

It is not generally known that genuine royal blood courses in Colonel Cody's veins. He is a lineal descendant

of Milesius, king of Spain, that famous monarch whose three sons, Heber, Heremon, and Ir, founded the first

dynasty in Ireland, about the beginning of the Christian era. The Cody family comes through the line of

Heremon. The original name was Tireach, which signifies "The Rocks." Muiredach Tireach, one of the first

of this line, and son of Fiacha Straivetine, was crowned king of Ireland, Anno Domini 320. Another of the

line became king of Connaught, Anno Domini 701. The possessions of the Sept were located in the present

counties of Clare, Galway, and Mayo. The names ConnaughtGallway, after centuries, gradually contracted

to Connallway, Connellway, Connelly, Conly, Cory, Coddy, Coidy, and Cody, and is clearly shown by

ancient indentures still traceable among existing records. On the maternal side, Colonel Cody can, without

difficulty, follow his lineage to the best blood of England. Several of the Cody family emigrated to America

in 1747, settling in Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Virginia. The name is frequently mentioned in

Revolutionary history. Colonel Cody is a member of the Cody family of Revolutionary fame. Like the other

SpanishIrish families, the Codys have their proof of ancestry in the form of a crest, the one which Colonel

Cody is entitled to use being printed herewith. The lion signifies Spanish origin. It is the same figure that

forms a part of the royal coatofarms of Spain to this dayCastile and Leon. The arm and cross denote that

the descent is through the line of Heremon, whose posterity were among the first to follow the cross, as a

In presenting this volume to the public the writer has a twofold purpose. For a number of years there has been

an increasing demand for an authentic biography of "Buffalo Bill," and in response, many books of varying

value have been submitted; yet no one of them has borne the hallmark of veracious history. Naturally, there

were incidents in Colonel Cody's life more especially in the earlier yearsthat could be given only by

those with whom he had grown up from childhood. For many incidents of his later life I am indebted to his

own and others' accounts. I desire to acknowledge obligation to General P. H. Sheridan, Colonel Inman,

Colonel Ingraham, and my brother for valuable assistance furnished by Sheridan's Memoirs, "The Santa Fe

Trail," "The Great Salt Lake Trail," "Buffalo Bill's Autobiography," and "Stories from the Life of Buffalo

A second reason that prompted the writing of my brother's lifestory is purely personal. The sobriquet of

"Buffalo Bill" has conveyed to many people an impression of his personality that is far removed from the

facts. They have pictured in fancy a rough frontier character, without tenderness and true nobility. But in very

The public knows my brother as boy Indianslayer, a champion buffalohunter, a brave soldier, a daring

scout, an intrepid frontiersman, and a famous exhibitor. It is only fair to him that a glimpse be given of the

parts he played behind the scenesdevotion to a widowed mother, that pushed the boy so early upon a stage

of ceaseless action, continued care and tenderness displayed in later years, and the generous thoughtfulness of

Thus a part of my pleasant task has been to enable the public to see my brother through his sister's

eyeseyes that have seen truly if kindly. If I have been tempted into praise where simple narrative might to

the reader seem all that was required, if I have seemed to exaggerate in any of my history's details, I may say

that I am not conscious of having set down more than "a plain, unvarnished tale." Embarrassed with riches of

A PLEASANT, roomy farmhouse, set in the sunlight against a background of cool, green wood and mottled

meadow this is the picture that my earliest memories frame for me. To this home my parents, Isaac and

The place was known as the Scott farm, and was situated in Scott County, Iowa, near the historic little town

of Le Clair, where, but a few years before, a village of the Fox Indians had been located; where Black Hawk

and his thousand warriors had assembled for their last wardance; where the marquee of General Scott was

erected, and the treaty with the Sacs and Foxes drawn up; and where, in obedience to the Sac chief's terms,

Antoine Le Clair, the famous halfbreed Indian scholar and interpreter, had built his cabin, and given to the

place his name. Here, in this atmosphere of pioneer struggle and Indian warfarein the farmhouse in the

dancing sunshine, with the background of wood and meadowmy brother, William Frederick Cody, was

Of the good, oldfashioned sort was our family, numbering five daughters and two sonsMartha, Samuel,

Julia, William, Eliza, Helen, and May. Samuel, a lad of unusual beauty of face and nature, was killed through

He was riding "Betsy Baker," a mare well known among old settlers in Iowa as one of speed and pedigree,

yet displaying at times a most malevolent temper, accompanied by Will, who, though only seven years of

age, yet sat his pony with the ease and grace that distinguished the veteran rider of the future. Presently Betsy

Baker became fractious, and sought to throw her rider. In vain did she rear and plunge; he kept his saddle.

His last words! As if she knew her rider was a careless victor off his guard, the mare reared suddenly and

Though to us younger children our brother Samuel was but a shadowy memory, in him had centered our

parents' fondest hopes and aims. These, naturally, were transferred to the younger, now the only son, and the

hope that mother, especially, held for him was strangely stimulated by the remembrance of the mystic

divination of a soothsayer in the years agone. My mother was a woman of too much intelligence and force of

character to nourish an average superstition; but prophecies fulfilled will temper, though they may not shake,

the smiling unbelief of the most hardheaded skeptic. Mother's moderate skepticism was not proof against

To a Southern city, which my mother visited when a girl, there came a celebrated fortuneteller, and led by

curiosity, my mother and my aunt one day made two of the crowd that thronged the sibyl's drawingrooms.

Both received with laughing incredulity the prophecy that my aunt and the two children with her would be

dead in a fortnight; but the dread augury was fulfilled to the letter. All three were stricken with yellow fever,

and died within less than the time set. This startling confirmation of the soothsayer's divining powers not

unnaturally affected my mother's belief in that part of the prophecy relating to herself that "she would meet

her future husband on the steamboat by which she expected to return home; that she would be married to him

in a year, and bear three sons, of whom only the second would live, but that the name of this son would be

known all over the world, and would one day be that of the President of the United States." The first part of

this prophecy was verified, and Samuel's death was another link in the curious chain of circumstances. Was

That 'tis good fortune for a boy to be only brother to five sisters is open to question. The older girls petted

Will; the younger regarded him as a superior being; while to all it seemed so fit and proper that the promise

of the stars concerning his future should be fulfilled that never for a moment did we weaken in our belief that

great things were in store for our only brother. We looked for the prophecy's complete fulfillment, and with

childish veneration regarded Will as one destined to sit in the executive's chair.

My mother, always somewhat delicate, was so affected in health by the shock of Samuel's death that a change

of scene was advised. The California gold craze was then at its height, and father caught the fever, though in

a mild form; for he had prospered as a farmer, and we not only had a comfortable home, but were in easy

circumstances. Influenced in part by a desire to improve mother's health, and in part, no doubt, by the golden

daydreams that lured so many Argonauts Pacificward, he disposed of his farm, and bade us prepare for a

Western journey. Before his plans were completed he fell in with certain disappointed goldseekers returning

from the Coast, and impressed by their representations, decided in favor of Kansas instead of California.

Father had very extravagant ideas regarding vehicles and horses, and such a passion for equestrian display,

that we often found ourselves with a stable full of thoroughbreds and an empty cupboard. For our Western

migration we had, in addition to three prairieschooners, a large family carriage, drawn by a span of fine

horses in silvermounted harness. This carriage had been made to order in the East, upholstered in the finest

leather, polished and varnished as though for a royal progress. Mother and we girls found it more comfortable

Brother Will constituted himself an armed escort, and rode proudly alongside on his pony, his gun slung

To him this Western trip thrilled with possible Indian skirmishes and other stirring adventures, though of the

real dangers that lay in our path he did not dream. For him, therefore, the first week of our travels held no

great interest, for we were constantly chancing upon settlers and farmhouses, in which the night might be

passed; but with every mile the settlers grew fewer and farther between; until one day Will whispered to us,

in great glee: "I heard father tell mother that he expected we should have to camp tonight. Now we'll have

Will's hope was well founded. Shortly before nightfall we reached a stream that demanded a ferryboat for its

crossing, and as the nearest dwelling was a dozen miles away, it was decided that we should camp by the

streamside. The family was first sent across the ferry, and upon the eightyearold lad of the house father

My brother's career forcibly illustrates the fact that environment plays as large a part as heredity in shaping

character. Perhaps his love for the free life of the plains is a heritage derived from some longgone ancestor;

but there can be no doubt that to the earlier experiences of which I am writing he owed his ability as a scout.

The faculty for obtaining water, striking trails, and finding desirable campinggrounds in him seemed almost

The tents being pitched upon a satisfactory site, Will called to Turk, the dog, and rifle in hand, set forth in

search of game for supper. He was successful beyond his fondest hopes. He had looked only for small game,

but scarcely had he put the camp behind him when Turk gave a signaling yelp, and out of the bushes bounded

a magnificent deer. Nearly every hunter will confess to "buck fever" at sight of his first deer, so it is not

strange that a boy of Will's age should have stood immovable, staring dazedly at the graceful animal until it

vanished from sight. Turk gave chase, but soon trotted back, and barked reproachfully at his young master.

But Will presently had an opportunity to recover Turk's good opinion, for the dog, after darting away, with

another signaling yelp fetched another fine stag within gun range. This time the young hunter, mastering his

On the following Sabbath we were encamped by another deep, swiftrunning stream. After being wearied

and overheated by a rabbit chase, Turk attempted to swim across this little river, but was chilled, and would

have perished had not Will rushed to the rescue. The ferryman saw the boy struggling with the dog in the

water, and started after him with his boat. But Will reached the bank without assistance.

"I've hearn of dogs saving children, but this is the first time I ever hearn of a child saving a dog from

"You're a big boy for your age," said the man. "But it's a wonder you didn't sink with that load; he's a big old

fellow," referring to Turk, who, standing on three feet, was vigorously shaking the water from his coat. Will

at once knelt down beside him, and taking the uplifted foot in his hands, remarked: "He must have sprained

one of his legs when he fell over that log; he doesn't whine like your common curs when they get hurt."

"Did you ever hear of a tigermastiff, German mastiff, boarhound, great Dane? Turk's all of them together."

"Well," said the ferryman, "you're a pretty smart little fellow, and got lots of grit. You ought to make your

mark in the world. But right now you had better get into some dry clothes." And on the invitation of the

ferryman, Will and the limping dog got into the boat, and were taken back to camp.

Turk played so conspicuous and important a part in our early lives that he deserves a brief description. He

was a large and powerful animal of the breed of dogs anciently used in Germany in hunting the wild boars.

Later the dogs were imported into England, where they were particularly valued by people desiring a strong,

brave watchdog. When specially trained, they are more fierce and active than the English mastiff. Naturally

they are not as fond of the water as the spaniel, the staghound, or the Newfoundland, though they are the

king of dogs on land. Not alone Will, but the rest of the family, regarded Turk as the best of his kind, and he

well deserved the veneration he inspired. His fidelity and almost human intelligence were time and again the

means of saving life and property; ever faithful, loyal, and ready to lay down his life, if need be, in our

Outlaws and desperadoes were always to be met with on Western trails in those rugged days, and more than

once Turk's constant vigilance warned father in time to prevent attacks from suspicious night prowlers. The

attachment which had grown up between Turk and his young master was but the natural love of boys for their

dogs intensified. Will at that time estimated dogs as in later years he did men, the qualities which he found to

admire in Turk being vigilance, strength, courage, and constancy. With men, as with dogs, he is not lavishly

demonstrative; rarely pats them on the back. But deeds of merit do not escape his notice or want his

appreciation. The patience, unselfishness, and true nobility observed in this faithful canine friend of his

boyhood days have many times proved to be lacking in creatures endowed with a soul; yet he has never lost

faith in mankind, or in the ultimate destiny of his race. This I conceive to be a characteristic of all great men.

This trip was memorable for all of us, perhaps especially so for brother Will, for it comprehended not only his

As we drew near the Missouri line we came upon a comfortable farmhouse, at which father made inquiry

concerning a lodging for the night. A widow lived there, and the information that father was brother to Elijah

Cody, of Platte County, Missouri, won us a cordial welcome and the hospitality of her home.

We were yet in the road, waiting father's report, when our startled vision and childish imagination took in a

It proved a fullblooded African, with thick lips, woolly hair, enormous feet, and scant attire. To all except

mother this was a new revelation of humanity, and we stared in wildeyed wonder; even Turk was surprised

into silence. At this point father rejoined us, to share in mother's amusement, and to break the spell for us by

pleasantly addressing the negro, who returned a respectful answer, accompanied by an ample grin. He was a

Reassured by the grin, Will offered his hand, and tasted the joy of being addressed as "Massa" in the talk that

followed. It was with difficulty that we prevailed upon "Masse" to come to supper.

After a refreshing night's sleep we went on our way, and in a few days reached my uncle's home. A rest was

welcome, as the journey had been long and toilsome, despite the fact that it had been enlivened by many

MY uncle's home was in Weston, Platte County, Missouri, at that time the large city of the West. As father

desired to get settled again as soon as possible, he left us at Weston, and crossed the Missouri River on a

prospecting tour, accompanied by Will and a guide. More than one day went by in the quest for a desirable

location, and one morning Will, wearied in the reconnoissance, was left asleep at the night's campingplace,

When Will opened his eyes they fell upon the most interesting object that the world just then could offer

The "noble red man," as he has been poetically termed by people who have but known him from afar, was in

the act of mounting Will's horse, while near by stood his own, a miserable, scrawny beast.

Will's boyish dreams were now a reality; he looked upon his first Indian. Here, too, was a "buck"not a

graceful, vanishing deer, but a dirty redskin, who seemingly was in some hurry to be gone. Without a trace of

The red man was fully armed, and Will did not know whether his father and the guide were within call or not;

but to suffer the Indian to ride away with Uncle Elijah's fine horse was to forfeit his father's confidence and

shake his mother's and sisters' belief in the family hero; so he put a bold face upon the matter, and remarked

Now this was scarcely the main point at issue, so Will contented himself with replying, quietly but firmly:

"Good enough for me," replied Will, smiling despite the gravity of the situation. The Indian shone rather as a

liar than a judge of horseflesh. "Good enough for me; so you can take your old rack of bones and go."

Much to Will's surprise, the red man dropped the rein, flung himself upon his own pony, and made off. And

down fell"Lo the poor Indian" from the exalted niche that he had filled in Will's esteem, for while it was bad

in a copper hero to steal horses, it was worse to flee from a boy not yet in his teens. But a few moments later

Lo went back to his lofty pedestal, for Will heard the guide's voice, and realized that it was the sight of a

man, and not the threats of a boy, that had sent the Indian about his business if he had any.

The guide had returned to escort Will to the spot which father, after a search of nearly a week, had

discovered, and where he had decided to locate our home. It was in Salt Creek Valley, a fertile bluegrass

region, sheltered by an amphitheater range of hills. The old Salt Lake trail traversed this valley. There were at

this time two great highways of Western travel, the Santa Fe and the Salt Lake trails; later the Oregon trail

came into prominence. Of these the oldest and most historic was the Santa Fe trail, the route followed by

explorers three hundred years ago. It had been used by Indian tribes from time, to white men, immemorial. At

the beginning of this century it was first used as an artery of commerce. Over it Zebulon Pike made his

wellknown Western trip, and from it radiated his explorations. The trail lay some distance south of

Leavenworth. It ran westward, dipping slightly to the south until the Arkansas River was reached; then,

following the course of this stream to Bent's Fort, it crossed the river and turned sharply to the south. It went

Exploration along the line of the Salt Lake trail began also with this century. It became a beaten highway at

the time of the Mormon exodus from Nauvoo to their present place of abode. The trail crossed the Missouri

River at Leavenworth, and ran northerly to the Platte, touching that stream at Fort Kearny. With a few

variations it paralleled the Platte to its junction with the Sweetwater, and left this river valley to run through

South Pass to big Sandy Creek, turning south to follow this little stream. At Fort Bridger it turned westward

again, passed Echo Canon, and a few miles farther on ran into Salt Lake City. Over this trail journeyed

thousands of goldhunters toward California, hopeful and highspirited on the westerly way, disappointed

and depressed, the large majority of them, on the back track. Freighting outfits, cattle trains,

emigrantsnearly all the western travelfollowed this track across the new land. A man named Rively,

with the gift of grasping the advantage of location, had obtained permission to establish a tradingpost on this

trail three miles beyond the Missouri, and as proximity to this depot of supplies was a manifest convenience,

The KansasNebraska Bill, which provided for the organizing of those two territories and opened them for

settlement, was passed in May. 1854. This bill directly opposed the Missouri Compromise, which restricted

slavery to all territory south of 36'0 30" north latitude. A clause in the new bill provided that the settlers

should decide for themselves whether the new territories were to be free or slave states. Already hundreds of

settlers were camped upon the banks of the Missouri, waiting the passage of the bill before entering and

acquiring possession of the land. Across the curtain of the night ran a broad ribbon of dancing campfires,

None too soon had father fixed upon his claim. The act allowing settlers to enter was passed in less than a

week afterward. Besides the pioneers intending actual settlement, a great rush was made into the territories by

members of both political parties. These became the gladiators, with Kansas the arena, for a bitter, bloody

contest between those desiring and those opposing the extension of slave territory.

Having already decided upon his location, father was among the first, after the bill was passed, to file a claim

and procure the necessary papers, and shortly afterward he had a transient abidingplace prepared for us.

Whatever mother may have thought of the oneroomed cabin, whose chinks let in the sun by day and the

moon and stars by night, and whose carpet was nature's greenest velvet, life in it was a perennial picnic for

the children. Meantime father was at work on our permanent home, and before the summer fled we were

domiciled in a large doublelog houserough and primitive, but solid and comfortbreeding.

This same autumn held an episode so deeply graven in my memory that time has not blurred a dine of it.

Jane, our faithful maid of all work, who went with us to our Western home, had little time to play the

governess. Household duties claimed her every waking hour, as mother was delicate, and the family a large

One golden September day Eliza and I set out after wild flowers, accompanied by Turk and mother's caution

not to stray too far, as wild beasts, 'twas said, lurked in the neighboring forest; but the prettiest flowers were

always just beyond, and we wandered afield until we reached a fringe of timber half a mile from the house,

where we tarried under the trees. Meantime mother grew alarmed, and Will was dispatched after the absent

Turk, as we recalled, had sought to put a check upon our wanderings, and when we entered the woods his

restlessness increased. Suddenly he began to paw up the carpet of dry leaves, and a few moments later the

Eliza was barely six years old, and I was not yet four. We clung to each other in voiceless terror. Then from

afar came a familiar whistleWill's call to his dog. That heartened us, babes as we were, for was not our

brother our reliance in every emergency? Rescue was at hand; but Turk continued tearing up the leaves, after

signaling his master with a loud bark. Then, pulling at our dresses, he indicated the refuge he had dug for us.

Here we lay down, and the dog covered us with the leaves, dragging to the heap, as a further screen, a large

From our leafy covert we could see the panther's tawny form come gliding through the brush. He saw Turk,

and crouched for a spring. This came as an arrow, but Turk dodged it; and then, with a scream such as I never

Turk was powerful, and his courage was flawless, but he was no match for the panther. In a few moments the

faithful dog lay stunned and bleeding from one stroke of the forestrover's steelshod paw. The cruel beast

had scented other prey, and dismissing Turk, he paced to and fro, seeking to locate us. We scarcely dared to

breathe, and every throb of our frightened little hearts was a prayer that Will would come to us in time.

At last the panther's roving eyes rested upon our inadequate hidingplace, and as he crouched for the deadly

But Turk had arisen. Wounded as he was, he yet made one last heroic effort to save us by again directing the

The helpless, hopeless ordeal of agony was broken by a rifle's sharp report. The panther fell, shot through the

heart, and out from the screen of leaves rushed two hysterical little girls, with pallid faces drowned in tears,

Will, himself but a child, caressed and soothed us in a most paternal fashion; and when the stone of sobs was

passed we turned to Turk. Happily his injuries were not fatal, and he whined feebly when his master reached

"Bravo! Good dog!" cried Will. "You saved them, Turk! You saved them!" And kneeling beside our faithful

Dear old Turk! If there be a land beyond the sky for such as thou, may the snuggest corner and best of bones

OWING to the conditions, already spoken of, under which Kansas was settled, all classes were represented in

its population. Honest, thrifty farmers and welltodo traders leavened a lump of shiftless ne'erdowells,

lawless adventurers, and vagabonds of all sorts and conditions. If father at times questioned the wisdom of

coming to this new and untried land, he kept his own counsel, and set a brave face against the future.

He had been prominent in political circles in Iowa, and had filled positions of public trust; but he had no wish

to become involved in the partisan strife that raged in Kansas. He was a Free Soil man, and there were but

two others in that section who did not believe in slavery. For a year he kept his political views to himself; but

it became rumored about that he was an able public speaker, and the proslavery men naturally ascribed to

him the same opinions as those held by his brother Elijah, a pronounced proslavery man; so they regarded

father as a promising leader in their cause. He had avoided the issue, and had skillfully contrived to escape

declaring for one side or the other, but on the scroll of his destiny it was written that he should be one of the

first victims offered on the sacrificial altar of the struggle for human liberty.

The posttrader's was a popular rendezvous for all the settlers round. It was a day in the summer of '55 that

father visited the store, accompanied, as usual, by Will and Turk. Among the crowd, which was noisy and

excited, he noted a number of desperadoes in the proslavery faction, and noted, too, that Uncle Elijah and

Father's appearance was greeted by a clamor for a speech. To speak before that audience was to take his life

It was written! There was no escape! Father walked steadily to the drygoods box which served as a rostrum.

As he passed Mr. Hathaway, the good old man plucked him by the sleeve and begged him to serve out

"Friends," said he, quietly, as he faced his audience and drew himself to his full height,"friends, you are

mistaken in your man. I am sorry to disappoint you. I have no wish to quarrel with you. But you have forced

me to speak, and I can do no less than declare my real convictions. I am, and always have been, opposed to

slavery. It is an institution that not only degrades the slave, but brutalizes the slaveholder, and I pledge you

my word that I shall use my best endeavorsyes, that I shall lay down my life, if need be to keep this

curse from finding lodgment upon Kansas soil. It is enough that the fairest portions of our land are already

infected with this blight. May it spread no farther. All my energy and my ability shall swell the effort to bring

Up to this point the crowd had been so dumfounded by his temerity that they kept an astonished silence. Now

the storm broke. The rumble of angry voices swelled into a roar of fury. An angry mob surrounded the

speaker. Several desperadoes leaped forward with deadly intent, and one, Charles Dunn by name, drove his

knife to the hilt into the body of the brave man who dared thus openly to avow his principles.

As father fell, Will sprang to him, and turning to the murderous assailant, cried out in boyhood's fury:

The crowd slunk away, believing father dead. The deed appalled them; they were not yet hardened to the

Mr. Hathaway and Will then carried father to a hidingplace in the long grass by the wayside. The crowd

dispersed so slowly that dusk came on before the coast was clear. At length, supported by Will, father

This path was afterward referred to in the early history of Kansas as "The Cody Bloody Trail."

It was such wild scenes as these that left their impress on the youth and fashioned the Cody of later

yearscool in emergency, fertile in resource, swift in decision, dashing and intrepid when the time for action

Our troubles were but begun. Father's convalescence was long and tedious; he never recovered fully. His

enemies believed him dead, and for a while we kept the secret guarded; but as soon as he was able to be about

About a month after the tragedy at Rively's, Will ran in one evening with the warning that a band of

horsemen were approaching. Suspecting trouble, mother put some of her own clothes about father, gave him

a pail, and bade him hide in the cornfield. He walked boldly from the house, and sheltered by the gathering

dusk, succeeded in passing the horsemen unchallenged. The latter rode up to the house and dismounted.

"Lucky for him!" was the frankly brutal rejoinder. "We'll make sure work of the killing next time."

Disappointed in their main intention, the marauders revenged themselves in their own peculiar way by

looting the house of every article that took their fancy; then they sat down with the announced purpose of

Fearing the effect of the night air upon father, though it was yet summer, mother made a sign to Will, who

slipped from the room, and guided by Turk, carried blankets to the cornfield, returning before his absence had

been remarked. The ruffians soon tired of waiting, and rode away, after warning mother of the brave deed

they purposed to perform. Father came in for the night, returning to his covert with the dawn.

In expectation of some such raid, we had secreted a good stock of provisions; but as soon as the day was up

Will was dispatched to Rively's store to reconnoiter, under pretext of buying groceries. Keeping eyes and ears

open, he learned that father's enemies were on the watch for him; so the cornfield must remain his screen.

After several days, the exposure and anxiety told on his strength. He decided to leave home and go to Fort

Leavenworth, four miles distant. When night fell he returned to the house, packed a few needed articles, and

bade us farewell. Will urged that he ride Prince, but he regarded his journey as safer afoot. It was a sad

"I hope," he said to mother, "that these clouds will soon pass away, and that we may have a happy home once

more." Then, placing his hands on Will's head, "You will have to be the man of the house until my return," he

With such responsibilities placed upon his shoulders, such confidence reposed in him, small wonder that Will

Father reached Fort Leavenworth in safety, but the quarrel between the proslavery party and the Free Soilers

waxed more bitter, and he decided that security lay farther on; so he took passage on an upriver boat to

Doniphan, twenty miles distant. This was then a mere landingplace, but he found a small band of men in

camp cooking supper. They were part of Colonel Jim Lane's command, some three hundred strong, on their

Colonel Lane was an interesting character. He had been a friend to Elijah Lovejoy, who was killed, in 1836,

for maintaining an antislavery newspaper in Illinois. The Kansas contest speedily developed the fact that the

actual settlers sent from the North by the emigrantaid societies would enable the Free State party to

outnumber the ruffians sent in by the Southerners; and when the proslavery men were driven to substituting

bullets for ballots, Colonel Lane recruited a band of hardy men to protect the antislavery settlers, and

The meeting of father and Lane's men was a meeting of friends, and he chose to cast his lot with theirs.

Shortly afterward he took part in "The Battle of Hickory Point," in which the proslavery men were defeated

with heavy loss; and thenceforward the name of Jim Lane was a terror to the lawless and a wall of protection

The storm and stress of battle had drawn heavily on what little strength was left to father, and relying for

safety upon the proximity of Colonel Lane and his men, he returned to us secretly by night, and was at once

This proved a serious strain upon our delicate mother, for during father's absence a little brother had been

added to our home, and not only had she, in addition to the care of Baby Charlie, the nursing of a sick man,

MOTHER'S fears were well grounded. A few days after father had returned home, a man named Sharpe, who

disgraced the small office of justice of the peace, rode up to our house, very much the worse for liquor, and

informed mother that his errand was to "search the house for that abolition husband of yours." The

intoxicated ruffian then demanded something to eat. While mother, with a show of hospitality, was preparing

supper for him, the amiable Mr. Sharpe killed time in sharpening his bowieknife on the sole of his shoe.

"That," said he to Will, who stood watching him, "that's to cut the heart out of that Free State father of

Will's comment was to take down his rifle and place himself on the staircase leading up to father's room.

There was trouble in that quarter for Mr. Sharpe, if he attempted to ascend those stairs.

But the justice, as mother surmised, had no notion that father was at home, else he would not have come

alone. He ate heartily of the supper, which Will hoped would choke him, and passing from drowsiness to

drunken slumber, soon tumbled from his chair. This so confused him that he forgot his pretended errand, and

shambled out of the house. He was not so drunk that he could not tell a good bit of horseflesh, and he

straightway took a fancy to Prince, the pet pony of the family. An unwritten plank in the platform of the

proslavery men was that the Free Soil party had no rights they were bound to respect, and Sharpe remarked

"That's a nice pony of yours, sonny. Guess I'll take him along with me." And he proceeded to exchange the

"You old coward!" muttered Will, bursting with wrath. "I'll get even with you some day."

The justice was a tall, burly fellow, and he cut so ridiculous a figure as he rode away on Prince's back, his

heels almost touching the ground, that Will laughed outright as he thought of a plan to save his pony.

A shrill whistle brought Turk to the scene, and receiving his cue, the dog proceeded to give Sharpe a very bad

five minutes. He would nip at one of the dangling legs, spring back out of reach of the whip with a

triumphant bark, then repeat the performance with the other leg. This little comedy had a delighted spectator

in Will, who had followed at a safe distance. Just as Sharpe made one extra effort to reach Turk, the boy

whistled a signal to Prince, who responded with a bound that dumped his rider in the dust. Here Turk stood

"Call off your dog, bub!" the justice shouted to Will, "and you may keep your little sheep, for he's no good,

"That's a bargain!" cried Will, restored to good humor; and helping the vanquished foe upon his own steed,

he assured him that he need not fear Turk so long as he kept his word. Sharpe departed, but we were far from

About a fortnight later we were enjoying an evening with father, who was now able to come downstairs. He

was seated in a big armchair before the open fire, with his family gathered round him, by his side our frail,

beautiful mother, with Baby Charlie on her knee, Martha and Julia, with their sewing, and Will, back of

mother's chair, tenderly smoothing the hair from her brow, while he related spiritedly some new escapade of

"There are some men riding on the road toward the house. We'd better be ready for trouble."

Mother, equal to every emergency, hurriedly disposed her slender forces for defense. Martha and Julia were

directed to help father to bed; that done, to repair to the unfurnished front room above stairs; Will was

instructed to call the hired man and Jane, who was almost as large and quite as strong as the average man;

and the three were armed and given their cue. They were all handy with their weapons, but mother sought to

win by strategy, if possible. She bade the older girls don heavy boots, and gave them further instructions. By

this time the horsemen had reached the gate. Their leader was the redoubtable Justice Sharpe. He rode up to

the door, and rapped with the but of his ridingwhip. Mother threw up the window overhead.

"We want that old abolition husband of yours, and, dead or alive, we mean to have him!"

"All right, Mr. Sharpe," was the steady answer. "I'll ask Colonel Lane and his men to wait on you."

The hired man, who had served in the Mexican War, here gave a sharp word of command, which was

responded to by trampling of heavy boots upon the bare floor. Then, calling a halt, the pretended Colonel

Sharpe, an arrant coward, had retreated at the first sound of a man's voice, and after a short parley with his

As a sort of consolation prize, Sharpe again made off with Prince; but Will's sorrow in the morning was

shortlived, for the sagacious little creature slipped his halter and came flying home before the forenoon was

After this experience, father decided that, for our sakes as well as for his own, he must again leave home, and

as soon as he recovered a measure of his strength he went to Grasshopper Falls, thirtyfive miles west of

Leavenworth. Here he erected a sawmill, and hoped that he had put so many miles between him and his

enemies that he might be allowed to pursue a peaceful occupation. He made us occasional visits, so timing

his journey that he reached home after nightfall, and left again before the sun was up.

One day when we were looking forward to one of these visits, our good friend Mr. Hathaway made his

"It is too bad to be the bearer of ill tidings," said he, "but the news of your husband's expected visit has been

noised about in some way, and another plot to kill him is afoot. Some of his enemies are camped at Big

Then followed a long and anxious consultation, which ended without any plan of rescue.

All of which had been overheard by Will, who was confined to his bed with an attack of ague. In him, he

decided, lay the only hope for father's safety; so, dressing, he presented his feverflushed face to mother. As

he held out a handkerchief, "Tie it tight around my head, mother," said he; "then it won't ache so hard."

A remonstrance against his getting out of bed brought out the fact that he contemplated riding to Grasshopper

He was almost too weak to stand, a storm threatened, and thirty miles lay between him and father; yet he was

not to be dissuaded from his undertaking. So Julia and Martha saddled Prince and helped the agueracked

The plunge into the open air and the excitement of the start encouraged Will to believe that he could hold out.

As he settled down to his long, hard ride he reflected that it was not yet noon, and that father would not set

out until late in the day. Prince seemed to discern that something extraordinary was afoot, and swung along at

Big Stranger's Creek cut the road halfway to the Falls, and Will approached it before the afternoon was half

gone. The lowering sky darkened the highway, and he hoped to pass the ambush unrecognized; but as he

came up to the stream he made out a camp and campers, one of whom called out carelessly to him as he

"That's Cody's boy!" shouted another voice; and the word "Halt!" rang out just as Will had galloped safely

Will's answer was to drive the spurs into Prince and dart ahead, followed by a rain of bullets. He was now

The chase was on, and in the thrill of it Will forgot his weakness. A new strength came with the rush of air

and the ring of hoofs, and "I'll reach the Falls in time!" was his heartening thought, as pursurer and pursued

sped through the forests, clattered over bridges, and galloped up hill and down.

Then broke the longimpending storm, and the hard road became the bed of a muddy stream. The pursuit was

abandoned, and this stimulus removed, Will felt the chills and weakness coming on again. He was drenched

to the skin, and it was an effort to keep his saddle, but he set his teeth firmly in his resolve to accomplish his

At last! A welcome light gleamed between the crystal bars of the rain. His mission was accomplished.

His ride had been longer by ten miles than that famous gallop of the friend of his after yearsPhil Sheridan.

Like Sheridan, he reached the goal in time, for father was just mounting his horse.

But the ride proved too much for his strength, and Will collapsed. Father started with him, a few days later,

Father acquainted mother of their safety, and explained that he had gone to Topeka because he feared his life

Party strife in Kansas was now at its height. Thousands came into the territory from adjacent slave states

simply to vote, and the proslavery party elected a legislature, whose first meeting was held at Le Compton.

This election the Free Soilers declared illegal, because of fraudulent voting, and assembling at Topeka in the

winter of 185556, they framed a constitution excluding slavery, and organized a rival government. Of this

Thenceforth war was the order of the day, and in the fall of 1856 a military governor was appointed, with full

Recognizing the good work effected by the emigrantaid societies, and realizing that in a still larger Northern

emigration to Kansas lay the only hope of its admission as a free state, father went to Ohio in the following

spring, to labor for the salvation of the territory he had chosen for his home. Here his natural gift of oratory

had free play, and as the result of his work on the stump he brought back to Kansas sixty families, the most of

This meant busy times for us, for with that magnificent disregard for practical matters that characterizes many

men of otherwise great gifts, father had invited each separate family to make headquarters at his home until

other arrangements could be perfected. As a result, our house overflowed, while the land about us was dotted

with tents; but these melted away, as one by one the families selected claims and put up cabins.

Among the other settlers was Judge Delahay, who, with his family, located at Leavenworth, and began the

publishing of the first abolition newspaper in Kansas. The appointing of the military governor was the means

of restoring comparative tranquillity; but hundreds of outrages were committed, and the judge and his

newspaper came in for a share of suffering. The printingoffice was broken into, and the type and press

thrown into the Missouri River. Undaunted, the judge procured a new press, and the paper continued.

A semiquiet now reigned in the territory; father resumed work at the sawmill, and we looked forward to a

peaceful home and the joy of being once more permanently united. But it was not to be. The knife wound had

injured father's lung. With care and nursing it might have healed, but constant suffering attended on the life

that persecution had led him, and in the spring of '57 he again came home, and took to his bed for the last

All that could be was done, but nothing availed. After a very short illness he passed awayone of the first

The land of his adoption became his last, long restingplace. His remains now lie on Pilot Knob, which

overlooks the beautiful city of Leavenworth. His death was regretted even by his enemies, who could not help

but grant a tribute of respect to a man who had been upright, just, and generous to friend and foe.

AT this sorrowful period mother was herself almost at death's door with consumption, but far from sinking

under the blow, she faced the new conditions with a steadfast calm, realizing that should she, too, be taken,

her children would be left without a protector, and at the mercy of the enemies whose malignity had brought

their father to an untimely end. Her indomitable will opposed her bodily weakness. "I will not die," she told

herself, "until the welfare of my children is assured." She was needed, for our persecution continued.

Hardly was the funeral over when a trumpedup claim for a thousand dollars, for lumber and supplies, was

entered against our estate. Mother knew the claim was fictitious, as all the bills had been settled, but the

business had been transacted through the agency of Uncle Elijah, and father had neglected to secure the

receipts. In those bitter, troublous days it too often happened that brother turned against brother, and Elijah

This fresh affliction but added fuel to the flame of mother's energy. Our home was paid for, but father's

business had been made so broken and irregular that our financial resources were of the slenderest, and

should this unjust claim for a thousand dollars be allowed, we would be homeless.

The result of mother's study of the situation was, "If I had the ready money, I should fight the claim."

"Russell, Majors Waddell will give me work. Jim Willis says I am capable of filling the position of `extra.' If

Russell, Majors Waddell were overland freighters and contractors, with headquarters at Leavenworth. To

Will's suggestion mother entered a demurrer, but finally yielded before his insistence. Mr. Majors had known

father, and was more than willing to aid us, but Will's youth was an objection not lightly overridden.

"I can ride, shoot, and herd cattle," said Will; "but I'd rather be an `extra' on one of your trains.'

"But that is a man's work, and is dangerous besides." Mr. Majors hesitated. "But I'll let you try it one trip, and

So Will's name was put on the company roll, and he signed a pledge that illustrates better than a description

"I, William F. Cody," it read, "do hereby solemnly swear, before the great and living God, that during my

engagement with, and while I am in the employ of, Russell, Majors Waddell, I will, under no circumstances,

use profane language, that I will not quarrel or fight with any other employee of the firm, and that in every

respect I will conduct myself honestly, be faithful to my duties, and so direct all my acts as to win the

Mr Majors employed many wild and reckless men, but the language of the pledge penetrated to the better

nature of them all. They endeavored, with varying success, to live up to its conditions, although most of them

held that driving a bullteam constituted extenuating circumstances for an occasional expletive.

The pledge lightened mother's heart; she knew that Will would keep his word; she felt, too, that a man that

required such a pledge of his employees was worthy of their confidence and esteem.

The train was to start in a day, and all of us were busy with the preparations for Will's two months' trip. The

moment of parting came, and it was a trying ordeal for mother, so recently bereaved of husband. Will sought

to soothe her, but the younger sisters had better success, for with tears in our eyes we crowded about him,

'Tis but a step from tears to smiles; the situation was relieved, and Will launched his life bark amid adieus of

hope and confidence and love. His fortitude lasted only till he was out of sight of the house; but youth is

elastic, the plains lay before him, and mother and sisters were to be helped; so he presented a cheerful face to

That night the bed of the "boy extra" was a blanket under a wagon; but he slept soundly, and was ready when

The "bulltrain" took its name from the fact that each of the thirtyfive wagons making up a full train was

hauled by several yoke of oxen, driven by one man, known as a bullwhacker. This functionary's whip cracked

like a rifle, and could be heard about as far. The wagons resembled the ordinary prairieschooner, but were

larger and more strongly built; they were protected from the weather by a double covering of heavy canvas,

Besides the bullwhackers there were cavallard drivers (who cared for the loose cattle), night herders, and

sundry extra hands, all under the charge of a chief wagonmaster, termed the wagonboss, his lieutenants

being the boss of the cattle train and the assistant wagonmaster. The men were disposed in messes, each

providing its own wood and water, doing its own cooking, and washing up its own tin dinner service, while

one man in each division stood guard. Special duties were assigned to the "extras," and Will's was to ride up

and down the train delivering orders. This suited his fancy to a dot, for the oxen were snailgaited, and to

plod at their heels was dull work. Kipling tells us it is quite impossible to "hustle the East"; it were as easy, as

From the outset the "boy extra" was a favorite with the men. They liked his pluck in undertaking such work,

and when it was seen that he took pride in executing orders promptly, he became a favorite with the bosses as

well. In part his work was play to him; he welcomed an order as a break in the monotony of the daily march,

The world of Will's fancy was bounded by the hazy rim where plain and sky converge, and when the first

day's journey was done, and he had staked out and cared for his horse, he watched with fascinated eyes the

strange and striking picture limned against the black hills and the sweeping stretch of darkening prairie.

Everything was animation; the bullwhackers unhitching and disposing of their teams, the herders staking out

the cattle, and not the least interestingthe mess cooks preparing the evening meal at the crackling

campfires, with the huge, canvascovered wagons encircling them like ghostly sentinels; the ponies and

oxen blinking stupidly as the flames stampeded the shadows in which they were enveloped; and more weird

than all, the buckskinclad bullwhackers, squatted around the fire, their beards glowing red in its light, their

faces drawn in strange black and yellow lines, while the spiked grasses shot tall and swordlike over them.

But Will discovered that life on the plains is not all a supper under the stars when the sparks fly upward; it

has its hardships and privations. There were days, as the wagons dragged their slow lengths along, when the

clouds obscured the sky and the wind whistled dismally; days when torrents fell and swelled the streams that

must be crossed, and when the mud lay ankledeep; days when the cattle stampeded, and the roundup

meant long, extra hours of heavy work; and, hardest but most needed work of all, the eternal vigil 'gainst an

Will did not share the anxiety of his companions. To him a brush with Indians would prove that boyhood's

dreams sometimes come true, and in imagination he anticipated the glory of a first encounter with the "noble

red man," after the fashion of the heroes in the hairlifting Western tales he had read. He was soon to learn,

as many another has learned, that the Indian of real Life is vastly different from the Indian of fiction. He

refuses to "bite the dust" at sight of a paleface, and a dozen of them have been known to hold their own

Some twenty miles west of Fort Kearny a halt was made for dinner at the bank of a creek that emptied into

the Platte River. No signs of Indians had been observed, and there was no thought of special danger.

Nevertheless, three men were constantly on guard. Many of the trainmen were asleep under the wagons while

waiting dinner, and Will was watching the maneuvers of the cook in his mess. Suddenly a score of shots rang

out from the direction of a neighboring thicket, succeeded by a chorus of savage yells.

Will saw the three men on the lookout drop in their tracks, and saw the Indians divide, one wing stampeding

The trainmen were old frontiersmen, and although taken wholly by surprise, they lined up swiftly in battle

array behind the wagons, with the bosses, Bill and Frank McCarthy, at their head, and the "boy extra" under

A wellplaced volley of rifleballs checked the Indians, and they wheeled and rode away, after sending in a

scattering cloud of arrows, which wounded several of the trainmen. The decision of a hasty council of war

was, that a defensive stand would be useless, as the Indians outnumbered the whites ten to one, and red

reinforcements were constantly coming up, until it seemed to Will as if the prairie were alive with them. The

only hope of safety lay in the shelter of the creek's high bank, so a run was made for it. The Indians charged

again, with the usual accompaniment of whoops, yells, and flying arrows; but the trainmen had reached the

creek, and from behind its natural breastwork maintained a rifle fire that drove the foe back out of range.

To follow the creek and river to Fort Kearny was not accounted much of a chance for escape, but it was the

only avenue that lay open; so, with a parting volley to deceive the besiegers into thinking that the fort was

The Indians quickly penetrated the ruse, and another charge had to be repulsed. Besides the tiresome work of

wading, there were wounded men to help along, and a ceaseless watch to keep against another rush of the

reds. It was a trying ordeal for a man, doubly so for a boy like Will; but he was encouraged to coolness and

endurance by a few words from Frank McCarthy, who remarked, admiringly, "Well, Billy, you didn't scare

After a few miles of wading the little party issued out upon the Platte River. By this time the wounded men

were so exhausted that a halt was called to improvise a raft. On this the sufferers were placed, and three or

four men detailed to shove it before them. In consideration of his youth, Will was urged to get upon the raft,

but he declined, saying that he was not wounded, and that if the stream got too deep for him to wade, he

could swim. This was more than some of the men could do, and they, too, had to be assisted over the deep

Thus wore the long and weary hours away, and though the men, who knew how hard a trip it was, often

But half a day's wading, without rest or food, gradually weighted his heels, and little by little he lagged

behind his companions. The moon came out and silvered tree and river, but the silent, plodding band had no

Will had fallen behind some twenty rods, but in a moment fatigue was forgotten, the blood jumped in his

veins, for just ahead of him the moonlight fell upon the feathered headdress of an Indian chief, who was

peering over the bank. Motionless, he watched the head, shoulders, and body of the brave come into view.

The Indian supposed the entire party ahead, and Will made no move until the savage bent his bow.

Then he realized, with a thumping heart, that death must come to one of his comrades or the Indian.

Even in direst necessity it is a fearful thing to deliberately take a human life, but Will had no time for

hesitation. There was a shot, and the Indian rolled down the bank into the river.

His expiring yell was answered by others. The reds were not far away. Frank McCarthy, missing Will,

stationed guards, and ran back to look for him. He found the lad hauling the dead warrior ashore, and seizing

his hand, cried out: "Well done, my boy; you've killed your first Indian, and done it like a man!"

Will wanted to stop and bury the body, but being assured that it was not only an uncustomary courtesy, but in

this case quite impossible, he hastened on. As they came up with the waiting group McCarthy called out:

The announcement was greeted with cheers, which grated on Will's ears, for his heart was sick, and the

Little time, however, was afforded for sentiment of any sort. Enraged at the death of their scout, the Indians

made a final charge, which was repulsed, like the others, and after this Bill McCarthy took the lead, with

It was a haggardfaced band that came up to Fort Kearny with the dawn. The wounded men were left at the

post, while the others returned to the wrecked bulltrain under escort of a body of troops. They hoped to

make some salvage, but the cattle had either been driven away or had joined one of the numerous herds of

buffalo; the wagons and their freight had been burned, and there was nothing to do but bury the three pickets,

Then the troops and trainmen parted company, the former to undertake a bootless quest for the red marauders,

the latter to return to Leavenworth, their occupation gone. The government held itself responsible for the

depredations of its wards, and the loss of the wagons and cattle was assumed at Washington.

THE fame to which Byron woke one historic morning was no more unexpected to him than that which now

greeted Will. The trainmen had not been overmodest in their accounts of his pluck; and when a newspaper

reporter lent the magic of his imagination to the plain narrative, it became quite a story, headed in display

But Will was speedily concerned with other than his own affairs, for as soon as his position with the

freighters was assured, mother engaged a lawyer to fight the claim against our estate. This legal light was

John C. Douglass, then unknown, unhonored, and unsung, but talented and enterprising notwithstanding. He

had just settled in Leavenworth, and he could scarcely have found a better case with which to storm the

heights of famethe dead father, the sick mother, the helpless children, and relentless persecution, in one

scale; in the other, an elevenyearold boy doing a man's work to earn the money needed to combat the

He knew as well as we that our cause was weak; it hung by a single thread a missing witness, Mr.

Barnhart. This man had acted as bookkeeper when the bills were paid, but he had been sent away, and the

prosecution or persecutionhad thus far succeeded in keeping his whereabouts a secret. To every place

where he was likely to be Lawyer Douglass had written; but we were as much in the dark as ever when the

The case had excited much interest, and the courtroom was crowded, many persons having been drawn

thither by a curiosity to look upon "The Boy Indian Slayer." There was a cheerful unanimity of opinion upon

the utter hopelessness of the Cody side of the case. Not only were prominent and wealthy men arrayed

against us, but our young and inexperienced lawyer faced the heaviest legal guns of the Leavenworth bar. Our

only witnesses were a frail woman and a girl of eighteen, though by their side, with his head held high, was

the family protector, our brave young brother. Against us were might and malignity; upon our side, right and

the high courage with which Christianity steels the soul of a believer. Mother had faith that the invisible

She and Martha swore to the fact that all the bills had been settled; and after the opposition had rested its

case, Lawyer Douglass arose for the defense. His was a magnificent plea for the rights of the widow and the

orphan, and was conceded to be one of the finest speeches ever heard in a Kansas courtroom; but though all

were moved by our counsel's eloquencesome unto tears by the pathos of it though the justice of our

cause was freely admitted throughout the courtroom, our best friends feared the verdict.

But the climax was as stunning to our enemies as it was unexpected. As Lawyer Douglass finished his last

ringing period, the missing witness, Mr. Barnhart, hurried into the courtroom. He had started for

Leavenworth upon the first intimation that his presence there was needed, and had reached it just in time. He

took the stand, swore to his certain knowledge that the bills in question had been paid, and the jury, without

Then rose cheer upon cheer, as our friends crowded about us and offered their congratulations. Our home was

saved, and Lawyer Douglass had won a reputation for eloquence and sterling worth that stood undimmed

The next ripple on the current of our lives was sister Martha's wedding day. Possessed of remarkable beauty,

she had become a belle, and as young ladies were scarce in Kansas at that time, she was the toast of all our

country round. But her choice had fallen on a man unworthy of her. Of his antecedents we knew nothing; of

his present life little more, save that he was fair in appearance and seemingly prosperous. In the sanction of

the union Will stood aloof. Joined to a native intuition were the sharpened faculties of a lad that lived beyond

his years. Almost unerring in his insight, he disliked the object of our sister's choice so thoroughly that he

refused to be a witness of the nuptials. This dislike we attributed to jealousy, as brother and sister worshiped

Nature seemed to join her protest to Will's silent antagonism. A terrific thunderstorm came up with the noon

hour of the wedding. So deep and sullen were the clouds that we were obliged to light the candles. When the

wedding pair took their places before Hymen's altar, a crash of thunder rocked the house and set the

The couple had their home awaiting them in Leavenworth, and departed almost immediately after the

The cares and responsibilities laid upon our brother's shoulders did not quench his boyish spirits and love of

fun. Not Buffalo Bill's! He gave us a jacko'lantern scare once upon a time, which I don't believe any of us

will ever forget. We had never seen that weird species of pumpkin, and Will embroidered a

"The pumpkins all rise up out of the ground," said he, "on fire, with the devil's eyes, and their mouths open,

like bloodred lions, and grab you, and go under the earth. You better look out!"

"That ain't so!" all of us little girls cried; "you know it's a fib. Ain't it, mother?" and we ran as usual to

"Will, you mustn't tell the children such tales. Of course they're just fibs," said mother.

"So there!" we cried, in triumph. But Will had a "so there" answer for us a few nights later. We were coming

home late one evening, and found the gate guarded by madlooking yellow things, all afire, and grinning

"Jacko'lanterns!" screamed Eliza, grabbing May by the hand, and starting to run. I began to say my

prayers, of course, and cry for mother. All at once the heads moved! Even Turk's tail shot between his legs,

and he howled in fright. We saw the devil's eyes, the bloodred lion's mouths, and all the rest, and set up such

a chorus of wild yells that the whole household rushed to our rescue. While we were panting out our story,

But he liked best to invade our playroom and "work magic" on our dolls. Mother had set aside one

apartment in our large log house for a playroom, and here each one of our doll families dwelt in peace and

harmony, when Will wasn't around. But there was tragedy whenever he came near. He would scalp the

mother dolls, and tie their babies to the bedposts, and would storm into their pasteboardbox houses at night,

after we had fixed them all in order, and put the families to standing on their heads. He was a dreadful tease.

It was in this playroom that the germ of his Wild West took life. He formed us into a regular little

company Turk and the baby, tooand would start us in marching order for the woods. He made us stick

horses and wooden tomahawks, spears, and horsehair strings, so that we could be cowboys, Indians,

bullwhackers, and cavalrymen. All the scenes of his first freighting trip were acted out in the woods of Salt

Creek Valley. We had stages, robbers, "holdups," and most ferocious Indian battles.

Will was always the "principal scalper," however, and we had few of our feathers left after he was on the

warpath. We were so little we couldn't reach his feathers. He always wore two long shiny ones, which had

been the special pride of our black rooster, and when he threw a piece of an old blanket gotten from the

Leavenworth barracks around his shoulders, we considered him a very fine general indeed.

All of us were obedient to the letter on "show days," and scarcely ever said "Now, stop," or "I'll tell mother

on you!" But during one of these exciting performances Will came to a short stop.

"That fortune lady said you'd got to be President of the United States," said Eliza.

"How could that old fortuneteller know what I'm going to be?" Will would answer, disdainfully. "I rather

guess I can have a show, in spite of all the fortunetellers in the country. I'll tell you right now, girls, I don't

Such temerity in disputing one's destiny was appalling; and though our ideas of destiny were rather vague, we

could grasp one dreadful fact: Will had refused to be President of the United States! So we ran crying to

mother, and burying our faces in her lap, sobbed out: "Oh, mother! Will says he ain't going to be President.

Still, in spite of Will's fine scorn of fortunetellers, the prophecy concerning his future must have been

sometimes in his mind. This was shown in an episode that the writer is in duty bound, as a veracious

Our neighbor, Mr. Hathaway, had a son, Eugene, of about Will's age, and the two were fast friends. One day,

when Will was visiting at Eugene's house, the boys introduced themselves to a barrel of hard cider.

Temperance sentiment had not progressed far enough to bring hard cider under the ban, and Mr. Hathaway

had lately pressed out a quantity of the oldfashioned beverage. The boys, supposing it a harmless drink, took

all they desired much more than they could carry. They were in a deplorable condition when Mr.

Hathaway found them; and much distressed, the good old man put Eugene to bed and brought Will home.

The family hero returned to us with a flourish of trumpets. He stood up in the wagon and sang and shouted;

and when Mr. Hathaway reproved him, "Don't talk to me," was his lofty rejoinder. "You forget that I am to be

There is compensation for everything. Will never touched cider again; and never again could he lord it over

his still admiring but no longer docile sisters. If he undertook to boss or tease us more than to our fancy, we

would subdue him with an imitation of his grandiloquent, "You forget that I am to be President of the United

States." Indeed, so severe was this retaliation that we seldom saw him the rest of the day.

Like "Little Breeches' " father, Will never did go in much on religion, and when the ministers assembled for

"quarterly meeting" at our house, we never knew what to expect from him. Mother was a Methodist, and as

our log house was larger than the others in the valley, it fell to our lot to entertain the preachers often. We

kept our preparations on the quiet when Will was home, but he always managed to find out what was up, and

then trouble began. His first move was to "sick" Turk on the yellowlegged chickens. They were our best

ones, and the only thing we had for the ministers to eat. Then Will would come stalking in:

"Say, mother, just saw all the yellowlegged chickens ascooting up the road. Methodist preachers must be

"Catch meself!" And Will would dance around and tease so he nearly drove us all distracted. It was with the

greatest difficulty that mother could finally prevail upon him to round up the chickens. That done, he would

tie up the pumphandle, milk the cows dry, strew the path to the gate with burrs and thistles, and stick up a

sign, "Thorney is the path and stickery the way that leedith unto the kingdom of heaven. Amen!"

Then when mother had put a nice clean valance, freshly starched and ruffled, around the big fourposter bed

in the sittingroom, Will would daub it up with smearcase, and just before the preachers arrived, sneak in

Mother always desired us to file in quietly, but we couldn't pass the bed without our legs being pinched; so

we "hollered," but were afraid to tell mother the reason before the ministers. We had to bear it, but we

snickered ourselves when the man Will called "Elder Green Persimmon," because when he prayed his mouth

went inside out, came mincing into the room, and as he passed the valance and got a pinch, jerked out a

"Mercy on us! I thought I was bitten by that fierce dog of yours, Mrs. Cody; but it must have been a burr."

Then the "experiences" would begin. Will always listened quietly, until the folks began telling how wicked

they had been before they got religion; then he would burst in with a vigorous "Amen!"

The elders did not know Will's voice; so they would get warmed up by degree as the amens came thicker and

faster. When he had worked them all up to a redhot pitch, Will would start that awful snort of his that

always made us double up with giggles, and with a loud cockledoodledoo! would bolt from the bed like a

To tell the truth, Will always was teasing us, but if he crooked his finger at us we would bawl. We bawled

and squalled from morning till night. Yet we fairly worshiped him, and cried harder when he went away than

WILL was not long at home. The Mormons, who were settled in Utah, rebelled when the government,

objecting to the quality of justice meted out by Brigham Young, sent a federal judge to the territory. Troops,

under the command of General Albert Sidney Johnston, were dispatched to quell the insurrection, and

Russell, Majors Waddell contracted to transport stores and beef cattle to the army massing against the

Mormons in the fall of 1857. The train was a large one, better prepared against such an attack as routed the

Will was assigned to duty as "extra" under Lew Simpson, an experienced wagonmaster, and was subject to

his orders only. There was the double danger of Mormons and Indians, so the pay was good. Forty dollars a

Will's second departure was quite as tragic as the first. We girls, as before, were loud in our wailings, and

offered to forgive him the depredations in the dollhouse and all his teasings, if only he would not go away

and be scalped by the Indians. Mother said little, but her anxious look, as she recalled the perils of the former

trip, spoke volumes. He carried with him the memory of the openmouthed admiration of little Charlie, to

whom "Brother Will" was the greatest hero in the world. Turk's grief at the parting was not a whit less than

ours, and the faithful old fellow seemed to realize that in Will's absence the duty of the family protector

The train made good progress, and more than half the journey to Fort Bridger was accomplished without a

setback. When the Rockies were reached, a noon halt was made near Green River, and here the men were

surrounded and overcome by a large force of Danites, the "Avenging Angels" of the Mormon Church, who

had "stolen the livery of the court of heaven to serve the devil in." These were responsible for the atrocious

Mountain Meadow Massacre, in June of this same year, though the wily "Saints" had planned to place the

odium of an unprovoked murder of innocent women and children upon the Indians, who had enough to

answer for, and in this instance were but the tools of the Mormon Church. Brigham Young repudiated his

accomplice, and allowed John D. Lee to become the scapegoat. The dying statement of this man is as pathetic

"A victim must be had," said he, "and I am that victim. For thirty years I studied to make Brigham Young's

will my law. See now what I have come to this day. I have been sacrificed in a cowardly, dastardly manner. I

The Danites spared the lives of the trainmen, but they made sad havoc of the supplies. These they knew to be

intended for the use of the army opposed to Brigham Young. They carried off all the stores they could handle,

drove with them or stampeded the cattle, and burned the wagons. The trainmen were permitted to retain one

It was a disheartened, discomfited band that reached Fort Bridger. The information that two other trains had

been destroyed added to their discouragement, for that meant that they, in common with the other trainmen

and the soldiers at the fort, must subsist on short rations for the winter. There were nearly four hundred of

these trainmen, and it was so late in the season that they had no choice but to remain where they were until

It was an irksome winter. The men at the fort hauled their firewood two miles; as the provisions dwindled,

one by one the oxen were slaughtered, and when this food supply was exhausted, starvation reared its gaunt

form. Happily the freighters got word of the situation, and a relief team reached the fort before the spring was

As soon as practicable the return journey was undertaken. At Fort Laramie two large trains were put in charge

of Lew Simpson, as brigade wagonmaster, and Will was installed as courier between the two caravans,

which traveled twenty miles apart plenty of elbow room for camping and foraging.

One morning, Simpson, George Woods, and Will, who were in the rear train, set out for the forward one,

mounted upon mules, and armed, as the trainmen always were, with rifle, knife, and a brace of revolvers.

About half of the twenty miles had been told off when the trio saw a band of Indians emerge from a clump of

trees half a mile away and sweep toward them. Flight with the mules was useless; resistance promised hardly

more success, as the Indians numbered a full halfhundred: but surrender was death and mutilation.

"Shoot the mules, boys!" ordered Simpson, and five minutes later two men and a boy looked grimly over a

The defense was simple; rifles at range, revolvers for close quarters, knives at the last. The chief, easily

distinguished by his feathered headdress, was assigned to Will. Already his close shooting was the pride of

the frontiersmen. Simpson's coolness steadied the lad, who realized that the situation was desperate.

The Indians came on with the rush and scream of the March wind. "Fire!" said Simpson, and three ponies

Dismayed by the fall of their chief, the redskins wheeled and rode out of range. Will gave a sigh of relief.

"They've only three or four rifles," said Woods. There had been little lead in the cloud of arrows.

"Here they come!" warned Simpson, and the trio ran their rifles out over the dead mules.

Three more riderless ponies; but the Indians kept on, supposing they had drawn the total fire of the whites. A

revolver fusillade undeceived them, and the charging column wavered and broke for cover.

Simpson patted Will on the shoulder as they reloaded. "You're a game one, Billy!" said he.

"You bet he is," echoed Woods, coolly drawing an arrow from his shoulder. "How is that, Lewpoisoned?"

Will waited breathless for the decision, and his relief was as great as Woods's when Simpson, after a critical

The wound was hastily dressed, and the little company gave an undivided attention to the foe, who were

circling around their quarry, hanging to the off sides of their ponies and firing under them. With a touch of

the grim humor that plain life breeds, Will declared that the mules were veritable pincushions, so full of

The besieged maintained a return fire, dropping pony after pony, and occasionally a rider. This proved

expensive sport to the Indians, and the whole party finally withdrew from range.

There was a long breathing spell, which the trio improved by strengthening their defense, digging up the dirt

with their knives and piling it upon the mules. It was tedious work, but preferable to inactivity and cramped

Two hours went by, and the plan of the enemy was disclosed. A light breeze arose, and the Indians fired the

prairie. Luckily the grass near the trail was short, and though the heat was intense and the smoke stifling, the

barricade held off the flame. Simpson had kept a close watch, and presently gave the order to fire. A volley

went through the smoke and blaze, and the yell that followed proved that it was not wasted. This last ruse

A thin line of them circled out of range; ponies were picketed and tents pitched; night fell, and the stars shot

As Woods was wounded, he was excused from guard duty, Will and Simpson keeping watch in turn. Will

took the first vigil, and, tired though he was, experienced no difficulty in keeping awake, but he went soundly

to sleep the moment he was relieved. He was wakened by a dream that Turk was barking to him, and vaguely

The midnight hush was unbroken, and the darkness lay thick upon the plain, but shapes blacker than night

The latter was instantly alive, and Woods was wakened. A faint click went away on the night breeze, and a

moment later three jets of flame carried warning to the upcreeping foe that the whites were both alive and

There was no more sleep within the barricade. The dawn grew into day, and anxious eyes scanned the trail for

Noon came and passed. The anxious eyes questioned one another. Had the rear train been overcome by a

larger band of savages? But suddenly half a dozen of the Indians were seen to spring up with gestures of

The Indians who had seen the first team pass, and had assumed that Simpson and his companions were

straggling members of it, did not expect another train so soon. There was "mounting in hot haste," and the

Indians rode away in one bunch for the distant foothills, just as the first oxteam broke into view.

And never was there fairer picture to more appreciative eyes than those same lumbering, clumsy animals, and

When hunger was appeased, and Woods's wound properly dressed, Will, for the second time, found himself a

hero among the plainsmen. His nerve and coolness were dwelt upon by Simpson, and to the dream that

waked him in season was ascribed the continued life on earth of the little company. Will, however, was

The remainder of the trip was devoid of special incident, and as Will neared home he hurried on in advance

of the train. His heart beat high as he thought of the dear faces awaiting him, unconscious that he was so near.

But the home toward which he was hastening with beating heart and winged heels was shadowed by a great

grief. Sister Martha's married life, though brief, had amply justified her brother's estimate of the man into

whose hands she had given her life. She was taken suddenly ill, and it was not until several months later that

Will learned that the cause of her sickness was the knowledge that had come to her of the faithless nature of

her husband. The revelation was made through the visit of one of Mr. C's creditors, who, angered at a

refusal to liquidate a debt, accused Mr. C of being a bigamist, and threatened to set the law upon him.

The blow was fatal to one of Martha's pure and affectionate nature, already crushed by neglect and cruelty.

All that night she was delirious, and her one thought was "Willie," and the danger he was in not alone the

physical danger, but the moral and spiritual peril that she feared lay in association with rough and reckless

men. She moaned and tossed, and uttered incoherent cries; but as the morning broke the storm went down,

and the anxious watchers fancied that she slept. Suddenly she sat up, the light of reason again shining in her

eyes, and with a joyous cry, "Tell mother Willie's saved! Willie's saved!" she fell back on her pillow, and her

spirit passed away. On her face was the peace that the world can neither give nor take away. The veil of the

Unknown had been drawn aside for a space. She had "sent her soul through the Invisible," and it had found

Mr. C had moved from Leavenworth to Johnson County, twentyfive miles away, and as there were

neither telegraph nor mail facilities, he had the body sent home, himself accompanying it. Thus our first

knowledge of Martha's sickness came when her lifeless clay was borne across our threshold, the threshold

that, less than a year before, she had crossed a bright and bonny bride. Dazed by the shock, we longed for

Will's return before we must lay his idolized sister forever in her narrow cell.

All of the family, Mr. C included, were gathered in the sittingroom, sad and silent, when Turk

"Will is coming!" cried mother, and we all ran to the door. Turk was racing up the long hill, at the top of

which was a moving speck that the dog knew to be his master. His keen ears had caught the familiar whistle

When Turk had manifested his joy at the meeting, he prepared Will for the bereavement that awaited him; he

put his head down and emitted a long and repeated wail. Will's first thought was for mother, and he fairly ran

down the hill. The girls met him some distance from the house, and sobbed out the sad news.

And when he had listened, the lad that had passed unflinching through two Indian fights, broke down, and

"Did that rascal, C, have anything to do with her death?" he asked, when the first passion of grief was

Julia, who knew no better at the time, replied that Mr. C was the kindest of husbands, and was crushed

with sorrow at his loss; but spite of the assurance, Will, when he reached the house, had neither look nor

word for him. He just put his arms about mother's neck, and mingled his grief with her words of sympathy

Martha was shortly after laid by father's side, and as we stood weeping in that awful moment when the last

spadeful of earth completes the sepulture, Will, no longer master of himself, stepped up before Mr. C:

"Murderer," he said, "one day you shall answer to me for the death of her who lies there!"

When Will next presented himself at Mr. Majors's office, he was told that his services had been wholly

satisfactory, and that he could have work at any time he desired. This was gratifying, but a sweeter pleasure

was to lay his winter's wages in mother's lap. Through his help, and her business ability, our pecuniary affairs

were in good condition. We were comfortably situated, and as Salt Creek Valley now boasted of a

schoolhouse, mother wished Will to enter school. He was so young when he came West that his schooldays

had been few; nor was the prospect of adding to their number alluring. After the excitement of life on the

plains, going to school was dull work; but Will realized that there was a world beyond the prairie's horizon,

Our first teacher was of the good, oldfashioned sort. He taught because he had to live. He had no love for

his work, and knew nothing of children. The one motto he lived up to was, "Spare the rod and spoil the

child." As Will was a regular Tartar in the schoolroom, he, more than all the other scholars, made him put his

smarting theory into practice. Almost every afternoon was attended with the dramatic attempt to switch Will.

The schoolroom was separated into two grand divisions, "the boys on teacher's side," and those "on the Cody

side." The teacher would send his pets out to get switches, and part of our divisionwe girls, of

coursewould begin to weep; while those who had spunk would spit on their hands, clench their fists, and

"dare 'em to bring them switches in!" Those were hot times in old Salt Creek Valley!

One morning Turk, too, was seized with educational ambition, and accompanied Will to school. We tried to

drive him home, but he followed at a distance, and as we entered the schoolhouse, he emerged from the

Alas for the scholars, and alas for the school! Another ambitious dog reposed beneath the temple of learning.

Will, about that time, was having a bad quarter of an hour. An examination into his knowledge, or lack of it,

was under way, and he was hard pressed. Had he been asked how to strike a trail, locate water, or pitch a tent,

his replies would have been full and accurate, but the teacher's queries seemed as foolish as the "Reeling and

Writhing, Ambition, Distraction, Uglification, and Derision" of the Mock Turtle in "Alice in Wonderland."

Turk effected an unexpected rescue. Snarls were heard beneath the schoolhouse; then savage growls and

yelps, while the floor resounded with the whacks of the canine combatants. With a whoop that would not

have disgraced an Indian, Will was out of doors, shouting, "Eat him up, Turk! Eat him up!"

The owner of the opposing dog was one Steve Gobel. 'Twixt him and Will a goodsized feud existed. Steve

was also on the scene, with a defiant, "Sic 'em, Nigger!" and the rest of the school followed in his wake.

Of the twisting, yelping bundle of dogflesh that rolled from under the schoolhouse it was difficult to say

which was Turk and which Nigger. Eliza and I called to Turk, and wept because he would not hear. The

teacher ordered the children back to their studies, but they were as deaf as Turk; whereat the enraged

pedagogue hopped wildly about, flourishing a stick and whacking every boy that strayed within reach of it.

Nigger soon had enough of the fight, and striking his tailcolors, fled yelping from the battleground. His

master, Steve Gobel, a large youth of nineteen or twenty years, pulled off his coat to avenge upon Will the

dog's defeat, but the teacher effected a Solomonlike compromise by whipping both boys for bringing their

But Gobel nursed his wrath, and displayed his enmity in a thousand small ways. Will paid no attention to

him, but buckled down to his school work. Will was a born "lady's man," and when Miss Mary Hyatt

complicated the feud 'twixt him and Steve, it hurried to its climax. Mary was older than Will, but she plainly

showed her preference for him over Master Gobel. Steve had never distinguished himself in an Indian fight;

Now, indeed, was Will's life unendurable; "patience had had its perfect work." He knew that a boy of twelve,

however strong and sinewy, was not a match for an almost fullgrown man; so, to balance matters, he

secreted on his person an old bowieknife. When next he met Steve, the latter climaxed his bullying tactics

by striking the object of his resentment; but he was unprepared for the sudden leap that bore him backward to

the earth. Size and strength told swiftly in the struggle that succeeded, but Will, with a dextrous thrust, put

the point of the bowie into the fleshy part of Steve's lower leg, a spot where he knew the cut would not be

The stricken bully shrieked that he was killed; the children gathered round, and screamed loudly at the sight

of blood. "Will Cody has killed Steve Gobel!" was the wailing cry, and Will, though he knew Steve was but

pinked, began to realize that frontier styles of combat were not esteemed in communities given up to the

soberer pursuits of spelling, arithmetic, and history. Steve, he knew, was more frightened than hurt; but the

picture of the prostrate, ensanguined youth, and the group of awestricken children, bore in upon his mind the

truth that his act was an infraction of the civil code; that even in selfdefense, he had no right to use a knife

The irate pedagogue was hastening to the scene, and after one glance at him, Will incontinently fled. At the

road he came upon a wagon train, and with a shout of joy recognized in the "boss" John Willis, a

wagonmaster employed by Russell, Majors Waddell, and a great friend of the "boy extra." Will climbed up

behind Willis on his horse, and related his escapade to a close and sympathetic listener.

"If you say so, Billy," was his comment, "I'll go over and lick the whole outfit, and stampede the school."

"No, let the school alone," replied Will; "but I guess I'll graduate, if you'll let me go along with you this trip."

Willis readily agreed, but insisted upon returning to the schoolhouse. "I m not going," said he, "to let you be

beaten by a bully of a boy, and a Yankee schoolteacher, with a little learning, but not a bit of sand." His idea

of equalizing forces was that he and "Little Billy" should fight against the pedagogue and Steve.

Will consented, and they rode back to the schoolhouse, on the door of which Willis pounded with his

revolver butt, and when the door was opened he invited Gobel and the "grammar man" to come forth and do

battle. But Steve had gone home, and the teacher, on seeing the two gladiators, fled, while the scholars,

He was not hired, he wrote, to teach desperadoes; therefore Will was dismissed. But Will had already

dismissed himself, and had rejoined the larger school whose walls are the blue bowl called the sky. And long

after was his name used by the pedagogue to conjure up obedience in his pupils; unless they kissed the rod,

Willis and Will had gone but a piece on the road when horsemen were seen approaching.

"Being after you and gittin' you are two different things," said the wagonmaster. "Lie low, and I'll settle the

Mr. Gobel and his party rode up with the information that they had come to arrest Will; but they got no

satisfaction from Willis. He would not allow them to search the wagons, and they finally rode away. That

night, when the camp was pitched, the wagonmaster gave Will a mule, and accompanied him home. We

were rejoiced to see him, especially mother, who was much concerned over his escapade.

"Oh, Will, how could you do such a thing?" she said, sorrowfully. "It is a dreadful act to use a knife on any

Will disavowed any homicidal intentions; but his explanations made little headway against mother's

disapproval and her disappointment over the interruption of his school career. As it seemed the best thing to

do, she consented to his going with the wagon train under the care of John Willis, and the remainder of the

THIS trip of Will's covered only two months, and was succeeded by another expedition, to the new post at

Meanwhile mother had decided to improve the opportunity afforded by her geographical position, and under

The hotel commanded a magnificent prospect. Below lay the beautiful Salt Creek Valley. It derived its name

from the saline properties of the little stream that rushed along its pebbly bed to empty its clear waters into

the muddy Missouri. From the vantageground of our location Salt Creek looked like a silver thread, winding

its way through the rich verdure of the valley. The region was dotted with fertile farms; from east to west ran

the government road, known as the Old Salt Lake Trail, and back of us was Cody Hill, named for my father.

Our house stood on the side hill, just above the military road, and between us and the hilltop lay the grove

that gave the hotel its name. Government hill, which broke the eastern skyline, hid Leavenworth and the

Missouri River, culminating to the south in Pilot Knob, the eminence on which my father was buried, also

Mother's business sagacity was justified in the hotel venture. The trail began its halfmile ascent of Cody Hill

just below our house, and at this point the expedient known as "doubling" was employed. Two teams hauled

a wagon up the steep incline, the double team returning for the wagon left behind. Thus the progress of a

wagon train, always slow, became a very snail's pace, and the hotel was insured a full quota of hungry

Will found that his wages were of considerable aid to mother in the large expense incurred by the building of

the hotel; and the winter drawing on, forbidding further freighting trips, he planned an expedition with a party

of trappers. More money was to be made at this business during the winter than at any other time.

The trip was successful, and contained only one adventure spiced with danger, which, as was so often the

One morning, as he was making the round of his traps, three Indians appeared on the trail, each leading a

pony laden with pelts. One had a gun; the others carried bows and arrows. The odds were three to one, and

This Indian dropped his bridlerein and threw up his rifle; but before it was at his shoulder Will had fired,

and he fell forward on his face. His companions bent their bows, one arrow passing through Will's hat and

another piercing his armthe first wound he ever received. Will swung his cap about his head.

"This way! Here they are!" he shouted to an imaginary party of friends at his back. Then with his revolver he

wounded another of the Indians, who, believing reinforcements were at hand, left their ponies and fled.

Will took the ponies on the doublequick back to camp, and the trappers decided to pull up stakes at once. It

had been a profitable season, and the few more pelts to be had were not worth the risk of an attack by

avenging Indians; so they packed their outfit, and proceeded to Fort Laramie. Will realized a handsome sum

from the sale of his captured furs, besides those of the animals he had himself trapped.

At the fort were two men bound east, and impatient to set out, and Will, in his haste to reach home, joined

forces with them. Rather than wait for an uncertain wagon train, they decided to chance the dangers of the

road. They bought three ponies and a packmule for the camp outfit, and sallied forth in high spirits.

Although the youngest of the party, Will was the most experienced plainsman, and was constantly on the

alert. They reached the Little Blue River without sign of Indians, but across the stream Will espied a band of

them. The redskins were as keen of eye, and straightway exchanged the pleasures of the chase for the more

exciting pursuit of human game. But they had the river to cross; and this gave the white men a good start. The

pursuit was hot, and grew hotter, but the kindly darkness fell, and under cover of it the trio got safely away.

That night they camped in a little ravine that afforded shelter from both Indians and weather.

A look over the ravine disclosed a cave that promised a snug harbor, and therein Will and one of his

companions spread their blankets and fell asleep. The third man, whose duty it was to prepare the supper,

kindled a fire just inside the cave, and returned outside for a supply of fuel. When he again entered the cave

the whole interior was revealed by the bright firelight, and after one look he gave a yell of terror, dropped his

Will and the other chap were on their knees instantly, groping for their rifles, in the belief that the Indians

were upon them; but the sight that met their eyes was more terrorbreeding than a thousand Indians. A dozen

bleached and ghastly skeletons were gathered with them around the campfire, and seemed to nod and sway,

Ghastly as it was within the cave, Will found it more unpleasant in the open. The night was cold, and a storm

"Well," said he to his companions, "we know the worst that's in there now. Those old dead bones won't hurt

"Not if I know myself, sonny," returned one of the men decidedly, and the other heartily agreed with him,

swearing that as it was, he should not be able to close his eyes for a week. So, after a hurried lunch upon the

cold provisions, the party mounted their ponies and pushed on. The promised snowstorm materialized, and

shortly became a young blizzard, and obliged to dismount and camp in the open prairie, they made a

But it had an end, as all things have, and with the morning they resumed the trail, reaching Marysville, on the

From here the trail was easier, as the country was pretty well settled, and Will reached home without further

adventure or misadventure. Here there was compensation for hardship in the joy of handing over to mother

all his money, realizing that it would lighten her burdens burdens borne that she might leave her children

provided for when she could no longer repel the dread messenger, that in all those years seemed to hover so

near that even our childish hearts felt its presence ere it actually crossed the threshold.

It was early in March when Will returned from his trapping expedition. Mother's business was flourishing,

though she herself grew frailer with the passing of each day. The summer that came on was a sad one for us

all, for it marked Turk's last days on earth. One evening he was lying in the yard, when a strange dog came up

the road, bounded in, gave Turk a vicious bite, and went on. We dressed the wound, and thought little of it,

"Better look out for him, then," warned the men as they rode away. "The dog is mad."

Consternation seized us. It was dreadful to think of Turk going mad he who had been our playmate from

infancy, and who, through childhood's years, had grown more dear to us than many human beings could; but

mother knew the matter was serious, and issued her commands. Turk must be shut up, and we must not even

visit him for a certain space. And so we shut him up, hoping for the best; but it speedily became plain that the

poison was working in his veins, and that the greatest kindness we could do him was to kill him.

That was a frightful alternative. Will utterly refused to shoot him, and the execution was delegated to the

hired man, Will stipulating that none of his weapons should be used, and that he be allowed to get out of

Late that afternoon, just before sunset, we assembled in melancholy silence for the funeral. A grave had been

dug on the highest point of the eastern extremity of Cody Hill, and decorated in black ribbons, we slowly

filed up the steep path, carrying Turk's body on a pine board softened with moss. Will led the procession with

his hat in his hand, and every now and then his fist went savagely at his eyes. When we reached the grave, we

formed around it in a tearful circle, and Will, who always called me "the little preacher," told me to say the

Lord's Prayer. The sun was setting, and the brilliant western clouds were shining round about us. There was a

sighing in the treetops far below us, and the sounds in the valley were muffled and indistinct.

"Our Father which art in heaven," I whispered softly, as all the children bent their heads, "Hallowed be Thy

name. Thy kingdom come, Thy will be done in earth as it is in heaven." I paused, and the other children said

the rest in chorus. The next day Will procured a large block of red bloodstone, which abounds in that country,

squared it off, carved the name of Turk upon it in large letters, and we placed it at the head of the grave.

To us there had been no incongruity in the funeral ceremonials and burial. Turk had given us all that dog

could give; we, for our part, gave him Christian sepulture. Our sorrow was sincere. We had lost an honest,

loyal friend. For many succeeding days his grave was garlanded with fresh flowers, placed there by loving

hands. Vale Turk! Would that our friends of the higher evolution were all as stanch as thou!

Only a dog! but the tears fall fast. As we lay him to rest underneath the green sod, Where bountiful nature,

The loving thought of a boyish heart Marks the old dog's grave with a bloodstone red; The name, carved in

letters rough and rude, Keeps his memory green, though his life be sped. For the daring young hero of wood

Like all who are generous, strong, and brave, Has a heart that is loyal and kind and true, And shames not to

Only a dog, do you say? but I deem A dog who with faithfulness fills his trust, More worthy than many a man

An unusually good teacher now presided at the schoolhouse in our neighborhood, and Will was again

persuaded into educational paths. He put in a hard winter's work; but with the coming of spring and its unrest,

the swelling of buds and the springing of grass, the return of the birds and the twittering from myriad nests,

the Spirits of the Plains beckoned to him, and he joined a party of goldhunters on the long trail to Pike's

The gold excitement was at its apogee in 1860. By our house had passed the historic wagon bearing on its

side the classic motto, "Pike's Peak or Bust!" Afterward, stranded by the wayside, a whole history of failure

and disappointment, borne with grim humor, was told by the addition of the eloquent word, "Busted!"

For all his adventures, Will was only fourteen, and although tall for his age, he had not the physical strength

that might have been expected from his hardy life. It was not strange that he should take the gold fever; less

so that mother should dread to see him again leave home to face unknown perils; and it is not at all

remarkable that upon reaching Auraria, now Denver, he should find that fortunes were not lying around much

Recent events have confirmed a belief that under the excitement of a gold craze men exercise less judgment

than at any other time. Except in placer mining, which almost any one can learn, gold mining is a science.

Now and again a nugget worth a fortune is picked up, but the average mortal can get a better livelihood, with

half the work, in almost any other field of effort. To become rich a knowledge of ores and mining methods is

But Will never reached the goldfields. Almost the first person he met on the streets of Julesberg was George

Chrisman, who had been chief wagonmaster for Russell, Majors Waddell. Will had become well acquainted

This man was located at Julesberg as agent for the Pony Express line, which was in process of formation.

This line was an enterprise of Russell, Majors Waddell. Mr. Russell met in Washington the Senator from

California. This gentleman knew that the Western firm of contractors was running a daily stagecoach from

the Missouri River to Sacramento, and he urged upon Mr. Russell the desirability of operating a pony express

line along the same route. There was already a line known as the "Butterfield Route," but this was circuitous;

Mr. Russell laid the matter before his partners. They were opposed to it, as they were sure it would be a

losing venture; but the senior member urged the matter so strongly that they consented to try it, for the good

of the country, with no expectation of profit. They utilized the stagecoach stations already established, and

only about two months were required to put the Pony Express line in running order.

Riders received from a hundred and twenty to a hundred and twentyfive dollars a month, but they earned it.

In order to stand the life great physical strength and endurance were necessary; in addition, riders must be

cool, brave, and resourceful. Their lives were in constant peril, and they were obliged to do double duty in

case the comrade that was to relieve them had been disabled by outlaws or Indians.

Two hundred and fifty miles was the daily distance that must be made; this constituted an average of a little

over ten miles an hour. In the exceedingly rough country this average could not be kept up; to balance it,

there were a few places in the route where the rider was expected to cover twentyfive miles an hour.

In making such a run, it is hardly necessary to say that no extra weight was carried. Letters were written on

the finest tissue paper; the charge was at the rate of five dollars for half an ounce. A hundred of these letters

The mailpouches were never to carry more than twenty pounds. They were leather bags, impervious to

moisture; the letters, as a further protection, were wrapped in oiled silk. The pouches were locked, sealed, and

strapped to the rider's side. They were not unlocked during the journey from St. Joseph to Sacramento.

The first trip was made in ten days; this was a saving of eleven days over the best time ever made by the

"Butterfield Route." Sometimes the time was shortened to eight days; but an average trip was made in nine.

President Buchanan's last presidential message was carried in December, 1860, in a few hours over eight

days. President Lincoln's inaugural, the following March, was transmitted in seven days and seventeen hours.

The Pony Express line made its worth at once felt. It would have become a financial success but that a

telegraph line was put into operation over the same stretch of territory, under the direction of Mr. Edward

Creighton. The first message was sent over the wires the 24th of October, 1861. The Pony Express line had

outlived its usefulness, and was at once discontinued. But it had accomplished its main purpose, which was to

determine whether the route by which it went could be made a permanent track for travel the year through.

The cars of the Union Pacific road now travel nearly the same old trails as those followed by the daring riders

Mr. Chrisman gave Will a cordial greeting. He explained the business of the express line to his young friend,

and stated that the company had nearly perfected its arrangements. It was now buying ponies and putting

them into good condition, preparatory to beginning operations. He added, jokingly:

"It's a pity you're not a few years older, Billy. I would give you a job as Pony Express rider. There's good pay

Will was at once greatly taken with the idea, and begged so hard to be given a trial that Mr. Chrisman

consented to give him work for a month. If the life proved too hard for him, he was to be laid off at the end of

that time. He had a short run of fortyfive miles; there were three relay stations, and he was expected to make

The 3d of April, 1860, Mr. Russell stood ready to receive the mail from a fast New York train at St. Joseph.

He adjusted the letterpouch on the pony in the presence of an excited crowd. Besides the letters, several

large New York papers printed special editions on tissue paper for this inaugural trip. The crowd plucked

hairs from the tail of the first animal to start on the novel journey, and preserved these hairs as talismans. The

rider mounted, the moment for starting came, the signal was given, and off he dashed.

At the same moment Sacramento witnessed a similar scene; the rider of that region started on the two

thousand mile ride eastward as the other started westward. All the way along the road the several other riders

Will looked forward eagerly to the day when the express line should be set in motion, and when the hour

came it found him ready, standing beside his horse, and waiting for the rider whom he was to relieve. There

was a clatter of hoofs, and a horseman dashed up and flung him the saddlebags. Will threw them upon the

The first relay station was reached on time, and Will changed with hardly a second's loss of time, while the

panting, reeking animal he had ridden was left to the care of the stocktender. This was repeated at the end of

the second fifteen miles, and the last station was reached a few minutes ahead of time. The return trip was

made in good order, and then Will wrote to us of his new position, and told us that he was in love with the

AFTER being pounded against a saddle three dashes daily for three months, to the tune of fifteen miles an

hour, Will began to feel a little loose in his joints, and weary withal, but he was determined to "stick it out."

Besides the daily pounding, the track of the Pony Express rider was strewn with perils. A wayfarer through

that wild land was more likely to run across outlaws and Indians than to pass unmolested, and as it was

known that packages of value were frequently dispatched by the Pony Express line, the route was punctuated

Will had an eye out every trip for a holdup, but three months went by before he added that novelty to his

other experiences. One day, as he flew around a bend in a narrow pass, he confronted a huge revolver in the

Most people do, and Will's hands were raised reluctantly. The highwayman advanced, saying, not unkindly:

Money packages were in the saddlebags, and Will was minded to save them if he could, so, as the outlaw

reached for the booty, Will touched the pony with his foot, and the upshot was satisfactory to an unexpected

degree. The plunge upset the robber, and as the pony swept over him he got a vicious blow from one hoof.

Will wheeled for a revolver duel, but the foe was prostrate, stunned, and bleeding at the head. Will disarmed

the fellow, and pinioned his arms behind him, and then tied up his broken head. Will surmised that the

prisoner must have a horse hidden hard by, and a bit of a search disclosed it. When he returned with the

animal, its owner had opened his eyes and was beginning to remember a few things. Will helped him to

mount, and out of pure kindness tied him on; then he straddled his own pony, and towed the dismal outfit

It was the first time that he had been behind on his run, but by way of excuse he offered to Mr. Chrisman a

brokenheaded and dejected gentleman tied to a horse's back; and Chrisman, with a grin, locked the excuse

A few days after this episode Will received a letter from Julia, telling him that mother was ill, and asking him

to come home. He at once sought out Mr. Chrisman, and giving his reason, asked to be relieved.

"I'm sorry your mother is sick," was the answer, "but I'm glad something has occurred to make you quit this

life. It's wearing you out, Billy, and you're too gritty to give it up without a good reason."

Will reached home to find mother slightly improved. For three weeks was he content to remain idly at home;

then (it was November of 1860) his unquiet spirit bore him away on another trapping expedition, this time

They bought an oxteam and wagon to transport the traps, camp outfit, and provisions, and took along a large

supply of ammunition, besides extra rifles. Their destination was the Republican River. It coursed more than

a hundred miles from Leavenworth, but the country about it was reputed rich in beaver. Will acted as scout

on the journey, going ahead to pick out trails, locate camping grounds, and look out for breakers. The

information concerning the beaver proved correct; the game was indeed so plentiful that they concluded to

They chose a hollow in a sidehill, and enlarged it to the dimensions of a decentsized room. A floor of logs

was put in, and a chimney fashioned of stones, the open lower part doing double duty as cookstove and

heater; the bed was spread in the rear, and the wagon sheltered the entrance. A corral of poles was built for

the oxen, and one corner of it protected by boughs. Altogether, they accounted their winter quarters

The boys had seen no Indians on their trip out, and were not concerned in that quarter, though they were too

good plainsmen to relax their vigilance. There were other foes, as they discovered the first night in their new

quarters. They were aroused by a commotion in the corral where the oxen were confined, and hurrying out

with their rifles, they found a huge bear intent upon a feast of beef. The oxen were bellowing in terror, one of

them dashing crazily about the inclosure, and the other so badly hurt that it could not get up.

Phillips, who was in the lead, fired first, but succeeded only in wounding the bear. Pain was now added to the

savagery of hunger, and the infuriated monster rushed upon Phillips. Dave leaped back, but his foot slipped

on a bit of ice, and he went down with a thud, his rifle flying from his hand as he struck.

But there was a cool young head and a steady hand behind him. A ball from Will's rifle entered the distended

mouth of the onrushing bear and pierced the brain, and the huge mass fell lifeless almost across Dave's body.

Phillips's nerves loosened with a snap, and he laughed for very relief as he seized Will's hands.

"That's the time you saved my life, old fellow!" said he. "Perhaps I can do as much for you sometime."

"That's the first bear I ever killed," said Will, more interested in that topic than in the one Dave held forth on.

One of the oxen was found to be mortally hurt, and a bullet ended its misery. Will then took his first lesson in

Dave's chance to square his account with Will came a fortnight later. They were chasing a bunch of elk, when

Phillips had once been a medical student, and he examined the leg with a professional eye. "You're right,

Then he went to work to improvise splints and bind up the leg; and this done, he took Will on his back and

bore him to the dugout. Here the leg was stripped, and set in carefully prepared splints, and the whole bound

The outlook was unpleasant, cheerfully as one might regard it. Living in the scoop of a sidehill when one is

strong and able to get about and keep the blood coursing is one thing; living there pent up through a tedious

winter is quite another. Dave meditated as he worked away at the pair of crutches.

"Tell you what I think I'd better do," said he. "The nearest settlement is some hundred miles away, and I can

get there and back in twenty days. Suppose I make the trip, get a team for our wagon, and come back for

The idea of being left alone and wellnigh helpless struck dismay to Will's heart, but there was no help for it,

and he assented. Dave put matters into shipshape, piled wood in the dugout, cooked a quantity of food and

put it where Will could reach it without rising, and fetched several days' supply of water. Mother, ever

mindful of Will's education, had put some schoolbooks in the wagon, and Dave placed these beside the food

and water. When Phillips finally set out, driving the surviving ox before him, he left behind a very lonely and

During the first day of his confinement Will felt too desolate to eat, much less to read; but as he grew

accustomed to solitude he derived real pleasure from the companionship of books. Perhaps in all his life he

never extracted so much benefit from study as during that brief period of enforced idleness, when it was his

sole means of making the dragging hours endurable. Dave, he knew, could not return in less than twenty

days, and one daily task, never neglected, was to cut a notch in the stick that marked the humdrum passage of

the days. Within the week he could hobble about on his crutches for a short distance; after that he felt more

A fortnight passed. And one day, weary with his studies, he fell asleep over his books. Some one touched his

"How?" said Will, with a show of friendliness, though he knew the brave was on the warpath.

Half a score of bucks followed at the heels of the first, squeezing into the little dugout until there was barely

With a sinking heart Will watched them enter, but he plucked up spirit again when the last, a chief, pushed in,

Whatever Lo's faults, he never forgets a kindness any more than he forgets an injury. The chief, who went by

the name of RainintheFace, at once recognized Will, and asked him what he was doing in that place. Will

displayed his bandages, and related the mishap that had made them necessary, and refreshed the chief's

memory of a certain occasion when a blanket and provisions had drifted his way. RainintheFace replied,

with proper gravity, that he and his chums were out after scalps, and confessed to designs upon Will's, but in

Auld Lang Syne, however, did not save the blankets and provisions, and the bedizened crew stripped the

dugout almost bare of supplies; but Will was thankful enough to see the back of the last of them.

Two days later a blizzard set in. Will took an inventory, and found that, economy considered, he had food for

a week; but as the storm would surely delay Dave, he put himself on half rations.

Three weeks were now gone, and he looked for Dave momentarily; but as night followed day, and day grew

into night again, he was given over to keen anxiety. Had Phillips lost his way? Had he failed to locate the

snowcovered dugout? Had he perished in the storm? Had he fallen victim to Indians? These and like

questions haunted the poor lad continually. Study became impossible, and he lost his appetite for what food

The twentyninth day dawned. Starvation stalked into the dugout. The wood, too, was nigh gone. But great

as was Will's physical suffering, his mental distress was greater. He sat before a handful of fire, shivering and

Hark! Was that his name? Choking with emotion, unable to articulate, he listened intently. Yes; it was his

name, and Dave's familiar voice, and with all his remaining energy he made an answering call.

His voice enabled Phillips to locate the dugout, and a passage was cleared through the snow. And when Will

saw the door open, the tension on his nerves let go, and he wept"like a girl," as he afterward told us.

THE guns that opened on Fort Sumter set the country all ablaze. In Kansas, where blood had already been

shed, the excitement reached an extraordinary pitch. Will desired to enlist, but mother would not listen to the

My brother had never forgotten the vow made in the posttrader's, and now with the coming of war his

opportunity seemed ripe and lawful; he could at least take up arms against father's oldtime enemies, and at

the same time serve his country. This aspect of the case was presented to mother in glowing colors, backed by

"You are too young to enlist, Willie," she said. "They would not accept you, and if they did, I could not

endure it. I have only a little time to live; for my sake, then, wait till I am no more before you enter the army."

This request was not to be disregarded, and Will promised that he would not enlist while mother lived.

Kansas had long been the scene of bitter strife between the two parties, and though there was a preponderance

of the FreeSoil element when it was admitted to the Union in 1861, we were fated to see some of the horrors

of slavery. Suffering makes one wondrous kind; mother had suffered so much herself that the misery of

others ever vibrated a chord of sympathy in her breast, and our house became a station on "the underground

railway." Many a fugitive slave did we shelter, many here received food and clothing, and, aided by mother, a

One old man, named Uncle Tom, became so much attached to us that he refused to go on. We kept him as

help about the hotel. He was with us several months, and we children grew very fond of him. Every evening

when supper was over, he sat before the kitchen fire and told a breathless audience strange stories of the days

of slavery. And one evening, never to be forgotten, Uncle Tom was sitting in his accustomed place,

surrounded by his juvenile listeners, when he suddenly sprang to his feet with a cry of terror. Some men had

entered the hotel sittingroom, and the sound of their voices drove Uncle Tom to his own little room, and

"Mrs. Cody," said the unwelcome visitors, "we understand that you are harboring our runaway slaves. We

propose to search the premises; and if we find our property, you cannot object to our removing it."

Mother was sorely distressed for the unhappy Uncle Tom, but she knew objection would be futile. She could

But no! Uncle Tom lay quaking under his bed, and there his brutal master found him. It is not impossible that

there were slaveholders kind and humane, but the bitter curse of slavery was the open door it left for brutality

and inhumanity; and never shall I forget the barbarity displayed by the owner of Uncle Tom before our

horrified eyes. The poor slave was so old that his hair was wholly white; yet a rope was tied to it, and, despite

our pleadings, he was dragged from the house, every cry he uttered evoking only a savage kick from a heavy

ridingboot. When he was out of sight, and his screams out of hearing, we wept bitterly on mother's loving

Uncle Tom again escaped, and made his way to our house, but he reached it only to die. We sorrowed for the

poor old slave, but thanked God that he had passed beyond the inhumanity of man.

Debarred from serving his country as a soldier, Will decided to do so in some other capacity, and accordingly

took service with a United States freight caravan, transporting supplies to Fort Laramie. On this trip his

In Western travel the perils from outlaws and Indians were so real that emigrants usually sought the

protection of a large wagontrain. Several families of emigrants journeyed under the wing of the caravan to

When in camp one day upon the bank of the Platte River, and the members of the company were busied with

preparations for the night's rest and the next day's journey, Mamie Perkins, a little girl from one of the

emigrant families, was sent to the river for a pail of water. A moment later a monster buffalo was seen

rushing upon the camp. A chorus of yells and a fusillade from rifles and revolvers neither checked nor

swerved him. Straight through the camp he swept, like a cyclone, leaping ropes and boxes, overturning

Mamie, the little waterbearer, had filled her pail and was returning in the track selected by the buffalo. Too

terrified to move, she watched, with white face and parted lips, the maddened animal sweep toward her, head

Will had been asleep, but the commotion brought him to his feet, and snatching up his rifle, he ran toward the

little girl, aimed and fired at the buffalo. The huge animal lurched, staggered a few yards farther, then

A shout of relief went up, and while a crowd of praising men gathered about the embryo buffalohunter,

Mamie was taken to her mother. Will never relished hearing his praises sung, and as the camp was

Upon reaching Fort Laramie, Will's first business was to look up Alf Slade, agent of the Pony Express line,

whose headquarters were at Horseshoe Station, twenty miles from the fort. He carried a letter of

"All right; I'll try you. If you can't stand it, I 'll give you something easier."

Will's run was from Red Buttes, on the North Platte, to Three Crossings, on the Sweetwaterseventysix

The wilderness was of the kind that is supposed to howl, and no person fond of excitement had reason to

complain of lack of it. One day Will arrived at his last station to find that the rider on the next run had been

mortally hurt by Indians. There being no one else to do it, he volunteered to ride the eightyfive miles for the

wounded man. He accomplished it, and made his own return trip on timea continuous ride of three

hundred and twentytwo miles. There was no rest for the rider, but twentyone horses were used on the

Shortly afterward Will fell in with California Joe, a remarkable frontier character. He was standing beside a

group of bowlders that edged the trail when Will first clapped eyes on him, and the Pony Express man

instantly reached for his revolver. The stranger as quickly dropped his rifle, and held up his hands in token of

friendliness. Will drew rein, and ran an interested eye over the man, who was clad in buckskin.

California Joe, who was made famous in General Custer's book, entitled "Life on the Plains," was a man of

wonderful physique, straight and stout as a pine. His redbrown hair hung in curls below his shoulders; he

wore a full beard, and his keen, sparkling eyes were of the brightest hue. He came from an Eastern family,

"Hain't you the boy rider I has heard ofthe youngest rider on the trail?" he queried, in the border dialect.

"Waal," said Joe, "I guess you've got some money on this trip. I was strikin' fer the Big Horn, and I found

them two stiffs up yonder layin' fer ye. We had a little misunderstandin', and now I has 'em to plant."

Will thanked him warmly, and begged him not to risk the perils of the Big Horn; but California Joe only

When Will reached his station he related his adventure, and the stocktender said it was "good by, California

Joe" But Will had conceived a better opinion of his new friend, and he predicted his safe return.

This confidence was justified by the appearance of California Joe, three months later, in the camp of the Pony

Riders on the Overland trail. He received a cordial greeting, and was assured by the men that they had not

expected to see him alive again. In return he told them his story, and a very interesting story it was.

"Some time ago," said he (I shall not attempt to reproduce his dialect), "a big gang of goldhunters went into

the Big Horn country. They never returned, and the general sent me to see if I could get any trace of them.

The country is full of Indians, and I kept my eye skinned for them, but I wasn't looking for trouble from white

men. I happened to leave my revolver where I ate dinner one day, and soon after discovering the loss I went

back after the gun. Just as I picked it up I saw a white man on my trail. I smelled trouble, but turned and

jogged along as if I hadn't seen anything. That night I doubled back over my trail until I came to the camp

where the stranger belonged. As I expected, he was one of a party of three, but they had five horses. I'll bet

odds, Pard Billy"this to Will"that the two pilgrims laying for you belonged to this outfit.

"They thought I'd found gold, and were going to follow me until I struck the mine, then do me up and take

"The gold is there, too, lots of it. There's silver, iron, copper, and coal, too, but no one will look at them so

long as gold is to be had; but those that go for gold will, many of them, leave their scalps behind.

"We kept the trail day after day; the men stuck right to me, the chap ahead keeping me in sight and marking

out the trail for his pard. When we got into the heart of the Indian country I had to use every caution; I steered

clear of every smoke that showed a village or camp, and didn't use my rifle on game, depending on the

"At last I came to a spot that showed signs of a battle. Skulls and bones were strewn around, and after a look

about I was satisfied beyond doubt that white men had been of the company. The purpose of my trip was

accomplished; I could safely report that the party of whites had been exterminated by Indians.

"The question now was, could I return without running into Indians? The first thing was to give my white

"That night I crept down the bed of a small stream, passed their camp, and struck the trail a half mile or so

"It was the luckiest move I ever made. I had ridden but a short distance when I heard the familiar

warwhoop, and knew that the Indians had surprised my unpleasant acquaintances and taken their scalps. I

"But, boys, it is a grand and beautiful country, full of towering mountains, lovely valleys, and mighty trees."

About the middle of September the Indians became very troublesome along the Sweetwater. Will was

ambushed one day, but fortunately he was mounted on one of the fleetest of the company's horses, and lying

flat on the animal's back, he distanced the redskins. At the relay station he found the stocktender dead, and

as the horses had been driven off, he was unable to get a fresh mount; so he rode the same horse to Plontz

"I'm on the watch, boss," was Will's answer, as he exchanged ponies and dashed away.

The trail ran through a grim wild. It was darkened by mountains, overhung with cliffs, and fringed with

monster pines. The young rider's every sense had been sharpened by frontier dangers. Each dusky rock and

tree was scanned for signs of lurking foes as he clattered down the twilight track.

One large bowlder lay in plain view far down the valley, and for a second he saw a dark object appear above

He kept his course until within rifleshot, and then suddenly swerved away in an oblique line. The ambush

had failed, and a puff of smoke issued from behind the bowlder. Two braves, in gorgeous war paint, sprang

up, and at the same time a score of whooping Indians rode out of timber on the other side of the valley.

Before Will the mountains sloped to a narrow pass; could he reach that he would be comparatively safe. The

Indians at the bowlder were unmounted, and though they were fleet of foot, he easily left them behind. The

mounted reds were those to be feared, and the chief rode a very fleet pony. As they neared the pass Will saw

that it was life against life. He drew his revolver, and the chief, for his part, fitted an arrow to his bow.

Will was a shade the quicker. His revolver cracked, and the warrior pitched dead from his saddle. His fall was

the signal for a shower of arrows, one of which wounded the pony slightly; but the station was reached on

The Indians were now in evidence all the time. Between Split Rock and Three Crossings they robbed a stage,

killed the driver and two passengers, and wounded Lieutenant Flowers, the assistant division agent. They

drove the stock from the stations, and continually harassed the Pony Express riders and stagedrivers. So

bold did the reds become that the Pony riders were laid off for six weeks, though stages were to make

occasional runs if the business were urgent. A force was organized to search for missing stock. There were

forty men in the partystagedrivers, expressriders, stocktenders, and ranchmen; and they were captained

He had not earned the sobriquet through lawlessness. It merely denoted his dashing and daring. Physically he

was wellnigh faultless tall, straight, and symmetrical, with broad shoulders and splendid chest. He was

handsome of face, with a clear blue eye, firm and wellshaped mouth, aquiline nose, and brown, curling hair,

worn long upon his shoulders. Born of a refined and cultured family, he, like Will, seemingly inherited from

At this time Wild Bill was a wellknown scout, and in this capacity served the United States to good purpose

AS Will was one of the laidoff riders, he was allowed to join the expedition against the Indian depredators,

The campaign was short and sharp. The Indian trail was followed to Powder River, and thence along the

banks of the stream the party traveled to within forty miles of the spot where old Fort Reno now stands; from

here the trail ran westerly, at the foot of the mountains, and was crossed by Crazy Woman's Fork, a tributary

Originally this branch stream went by the name of the Big Beard, because of a peculiar grass that fringed it.

On its bank had stood a village of the Crow Indians, and here a halfbreed trader had settled. He bought the

red man's furs, and gave him in return brightcolored beads and pieces of calico, paints, and blankets. In a

short time he had all the furs in the village; he packed them on ponies, and said good by to his Indian friends.

They were sorry to see him go, but he told them he would soon return from the land of the paleface, bringing

many gifts. Months passed; one day the Indian sentinels reported the approach of a strange object. The village

was alarmed, for the Crows had never seen ox, horse, or wagon; but the excitement was allayed when it was

He had brought with him his wife, a white woman; she, too, was an object of much curiosity to the Indians.

The trader built a lodge of wood and stones, and exposed all his goods for sale. He had brought beads,

One day the big chief visited the store; the trader led him into a back room, swore him to secrecy, and gave

him a drink of black water. The chief felt strangely happy. Usually he was very dignified and stately; but

under the influence of the strange liquid he sang and danced on the streets, and finally fell into a deep sleep,

from which he could not be wakened. This performance was repeated day after day, until the Indians called a

council of war. They said the trader had bewitched their chief, and it must be stopped, or they would kill the

intruder. A warrior was sent to convey this intelligence to the trader; he laughed, took the warrior into the

back room, swore him to secrecy, and gave him a drink of the black water. The young Indian, in his turn,

went upon the street, and laughed and sang and danced, just as the chief had done. Surprised, his companions

gathered around him and asked him what was the matter. "Oh, go to the trader and get some of the black

They asked for the strange beverage. The trader denied having any, and gave them a drink of ordinary water,

which had no effect. When the young warrior awoke, they again questioned him. He said he must have been

After this the chief and warrior were both drunk every day, and all the tribe were sorely perplexed. Another

council of war was held, and a young chief arose, saying that he had made a hole in the wall of the trader's

house, and had watched; and it was true the trader gave their friends black water. The halfbreed and the two

unhappy Indians were brought before the council, and the young chief repeated his accusation, saying that if

it were not true, they might fight him. The second victim of the black water yet denied the story, and said the

young chief lied; but the trader had maneuvered into the position he desired, and he confessed. They bade

him bring the water, that they might taste it; but before he departed the young chief challenged to combat the

warrior that had said he lied. This warrior was the best spearsman of the tribe, and all expected the death of

the young chief; but the black water had palsied the warrior's arm, his trembling hand could not fling true, he

was pierced to the heart at the first thrust. The tribe then repaired to the trader's lodge, and he gave them all a

drink of the black water. They danced and sang, and then lay upon the ground and slept.

After two or three days the halfbreed declined to provide black water free; if the warriors wanted it, they

must pay for it. At first he gave them a "sleep," as they called it, for one robe or skin, but as the stock of black

water diminished, two, then three, then many robes were demanded. At last he said he had none left except

what he himself desired. The Indians offered their ponies, until the trader had all the robes and all the ponies

Now, he said, he would go back to the land of the paleface and procure more of the black water. Some of the

warriors were willing he should do this; others asserted that he had plenty of black water left, and was going

to trade with their enemy, the Sioux. The devil had awakened in the tribe. The trader's stores and packs were

searched, but no black water was found. 'Twas hidden, then, said the Indians. The trader must produce it, or

they would kill him. Of course he could not do this. He had sowed the wind; he reaped the whirlwind. He was

scalped before the eyes of his horrified wife, and his body mutilated and mangled. The poor woman

attempted to escape; a warrior struck her with his tomahawk, and she fell as if dead. The Indians fired the

lodge. As they did so, a Crow squaw saw that the white woman was not dead. She took the wounded creature

to her own lodge, bound up her wounds, and nursed her back to strength. But the unfortunate woman's brain

As soon as she could get around she ran away. The squaws went out to look for her, and found her crooning

on the banks of the Big Beard. She would talk with the squaws, but if a warrior appeared, she hid herself till

he was gone. The squaws took her food, and she lived in a covert on the bank of the stream for many months.

One day a warrior, out hunting, chanced upon her. Thinking she was lost, he sought to catch her, to take her

back to the village, as all Indian tribes have a veneration for the insane; but she fled into the hills, and was

never seen afterward. The stream became known as the "Place of the Crazy Woman," or Crazy Woman's

At this point, to return to my narrative, the signs indicated that reinforcements had reached the original body

of Indians. The plainsmen were now in the heart of the Indian country, the utmost caution was required, and a

sharp lookout was maintained. When Clear Creek, another tributary of the Powder, was come up with, an

A council of war was held. Never before had the white man followed the red so far into his domain, and 'twas

At Wild Bill's suggestion, the attack waited upon nightfall. Veiled by darkness, the company was to surprise

The plan was carried out without a hitch. The Indians outnumbered the white men three to one, but when the

latter rushed cyclonically through the camp, no effort was made to repel them, and by the time the Indians

had recovered from their surprise the plainsmen had driven off all the horses those belonging to the reds as

well as those that had been stolen. A few shots were fired, but the whites rode scathless away, and unpursued.

The line of march was now taken up for Sweetwater Bridge, and here, four days later, the plainsmen brought

This successful sadly repressed the hostilities for a space. The recovered horses were put back on the road,

"Billy," said Mr. Slade, who had taken a great fancy to Will"Billy, this is a hard life, and you're too young

to stand it. You've done good service, and in consideration of it I'll make you a supernumerary. You'll have to

There followed for Will a period of _dolce far niente_; days when he might lie on his back and watch the

clouds drift across the sky; when he might have an eye to the beauty of the woodland and the sweep of the

plain, without the nervous strain of studying every tree and knoll that might conceal a lurking redskin. Winter

closed in, and with it came the memories of the trapping season of 186061, when he had laid low his first

and last bear. But there were other bears to be killedthe mountains were full of them; and one bracing

morning he turned his horse's head toward the hills that lay down the Horseshoe Valley. Antelope and deer

fed in the valley, the sagehen and the jackrabbit started up under his horse's hoofs, but such small game

Two o'clock passed without a sign of bear, save some tracks in the snow. The wintry air had put a keen edge

on Will's appetite, and hitching his tired horse, he shot one of the lately scorned sagehens, and broiled it

over a fire that invited a longer stay than an industrious bearhunter could afford. But nightfall found him

and his quarry still many miles asunder, and as he did not relish the prospect of a chaffing from the men at the

station, he cast about for a campingplace, finding one in an open spot on the bank of a little stream. Two

more sagehens were added to the larder, and he was preparing to kindle a fire when the whinnying of a

horse caught his ear. He ran to his own horse to check the certain response, resaddled him, and disposed

everything for flight, should it be necessary. Then, taking his rifle, he put forth on a reconnoissance.

He shortly came upon a bunch of horses, a dozen or more, around a crook of the stream. Above them, on the

farther bank, shone a light. Drawing nearer, he saw that it came from a dugout, and he heard his own

The door opened reluctantly, and an uglylooking customer bade him enter. The invitation was not

responded to with alacrity, for eight such villainouslooking faces as the dugout held it would have been hard

to match. Too late to retreat, there was nothing for it but a determined front, and let wit point the way of

escape. Two of the men Will recognized as discharged teamsters from Lew Simpson's train, and from his

knowledge of their longstanding weakness he assumed, correctly, that he had thrust his head into a den of

"Who's with you?" was the first query; and this answered, with sundry other information esteemed essential,

"Where's your horse?" demanded the most striking portrait in the rogues' gallery.

"Oh, don't trouble yourself," said Will. "I'll fetch him and put up here over night, with your permission. I'll

"That's right; leave your gun, you won't need it," said the leader of the gang, with a grin that was as near

amiability as his rough, stern calling permitted him. "Jim and I will go down with you after the horse."

This offer compelled an acquiescence, Will consoling himself with the reflection that it is easier to escape

When the horse was reached, one of the outlaws obligingly volunteered to lead it.

"All right," said Will, carelessly. "I shot a couple of sagehens here; I'll take them along. Lead away!"

He followed with the birds, the second horsethief bringing up the rear. As the dugout was neared he let fall

one of the hens, and asked the chap following to pick it up, and as the obliging rear guard stopped, Will

knocked him senseless with the butt of his revolver. The man ahead heard the blow, and turned, with his hand

on his gun, but Will dropped him with a shot, leaped on his horse, and dashed off.

The sextet in the dugout sprang to arms, and came running down the bank, and likely getting the particulars

of the escape from the ruffian by the sagehen, who was probably only stunned for the moment, they buckled

warmly to the chase. The mountainside was steep and rough, and men on foot were better than on

horseback; accordingly Will dismounted, and clapping his pony soundly on the flank, sent him clattering on

down the declivity, and himself stepped aside behind a large pine. The pursuing party rushed past him, and

when they were safely gone, he climbed back over the mountain, and made his way as best he could to the

Horseshoe. It was a twentyfive mile plod, and he reached the station early in the morning, weary and

He woke the plainsmen, and related his adventure, and Mr. Slade at once organized a party to hunt out the

bandits of the dugout. Twenty wellarmed stocktenders, stagedrivers, and ranchmen rode away at sunrise,

Will soon tired of this nondescript service, and gladly accepted a position as assistant wagonmaster under

Wild Bill, who had taken a contract to fetch a load of government freight from Rolla, Missouri.

He returned with a wagontrain to Springfield, in that state, and thence came home on a visit. It was a brief

one, however, for the air was too full of war for him to endure inaction. Contented only when at work, he

continued to help on government freight contracts, until he received word that mother was dangerously ill.

IT was now the autumn of 1863, and Will was a wellgrown young man, tall, strong, and athletic, though not

yet quite eighteen years old. Our oldest sister, Julia, had been married, the spring preceding, to Mr. J. A.

Mother had been growing weaker from day to day; being with her constantly, we had not remarked the

change for the worse; but Will was much shocked by the transformation which a few months had wrought.

Only an indomitable will power had enabled her to overcome the infirmities of the body, and now it seemed

to us as if her flesh had been refined away, leaving only the sweet and beautiful spirit.

Will reached home none too soon, for only three weeks after his return the doctor told mother that only a few

hours were left to her, and if she had any last messages, it were best that she communicate them at once. That

evening the children were called in, one by one, to receive her blessing and farewell. Mother was an earnest

Christian character, but at that time I alone of all the children appeared religiously disposed. Young as I was,

the solemnity of the hour when she charged me with the spiritual welfare of the family has remained with me

through all the years that have gone. Calling me to her side, she sought to impress upon my childish mind,

not the sorrow of death, but the glory of the resurrection. Then, as if she were setting forth upon a pleasant

journey, she bade me good by, and I kissed her for the last time in life. When next I saw her face it was cold

and quiet. The beautiful soul had forsaken its dwellingplace of clay, and passed on through the Invisible, to

wait, a glorified spirit, on the farther shore for the coming of the loved ones whose lifestory was as yet

Julia and Will remained with her throughout the night. Just before death there came to her a brief season of

longlost animation, the last flicker of the torch before darkness. She talked to them almost continuously

until the dawn. Into their hands was given the task of educating the others of the family, and on their hearts

and consciences the charge was graven. Charlie, who was born during the early Kansas troubles, had ever

"If," she said, "it be possible for the dead to call the living, I shall call Charlie to me."

Within the space of a year, Charlie, too, was gone; and who shall say that the yearning of a mother's heart for

Upon Will mother sought to impress the responsibilities of his destiny. She reminded him of the prediction of

"But," said she, "only the names of them that are upright, brave, temperate, and true can be honorably known.

Remember always that `he that overcometh his own soul is greater than he who taketh a city.' Already you

have shown great abilities, but remember that they carry with them grave responsibilities. You have been a

good son to me. In the hour of need you have always aided me. so that I can die now feeling that my children

are not unprovided for. I have not wished you to enlist in the war, partly because I knew you were too young,

partly because my life was drawing near its close. But now you are nearly eighteen, and if when I am gone

your country needs you in the strife of which we in Kansas know the bitterness, I bid you go as soldier in

She talked until sleep followed exhaustion. When she awoke she tried to raise herself in bed. Will sprang to

aid her, and with the upward look of one that sees ineffable things, she passed away, resting in his arms.

Oh, the glory and the gladness Of a life without a fear; Of a death like nature fading In the autumn of the

year; Of a sweet and dreamless slumber, In a faith triumphant borne, Till the bells of Easter wake her On the

Ah, for such a blessed falling Into quiet sleep at last, When the ripening grain is garnered, And the toil and

trial past; When the red and gold of sunset Slowly changes into gray; Ah, for such a quiet passing, Through

The morning of the 22d day of November, 1863, began the saddest day of our lives. We rode in a rough

lumber wagon to Pilot Knob Cemetery, a long, cold, hard ride; but we wished our parents to be united in

The road leading from the cemetery forked a short distance outside of Leavenworth, one branch running to

that city, the other winding homeward along Government Hill. When we were returning, and reached this

"I can't go home when I know mother is no longer there," said he. "I am going to Leavenworth to see Eugene

We, pitied Willhe and mother had been so much to each other and raised no objection, as we should

The next morning, therefore, we were much surprised to see him and Eugene ride into the yard, both clothed

in, the blue uniforms of United States soldiers. Overwhelmed with grief over mother's death, it seemed more

than we could bear to see our big brother ride off to war. We threatened to inform the recruiting officers that

he was not yet eighteen; but he was too thoroughly in earnest to be moved by our objections. The regiment in

which he had enlisted was already ordered to the front, and he had come home to say good by. He then rode

away to the hardships, dangers, and privations of a soldier's life. The joy of action balanced the account for

him, while we were obliged to accept the usual lot of girlhood and womanhoodthe weary, anxious waiting,

when the heart is torn with uncertainty and suspense over the fate of the loved ones who bear the brunt and

The order sending Will's regiment to the front was countermanded, and he remained for a time in Fort

Leavenworth. His Western experiences were "well known there, and probably for this reason he was selected

as a bearer of military dispatches to Fort Larned. Some of our old proslavery enemies, who were upon the

point of joining the Confederate army, learned of Will's mission, which they thought afforded them an

excellent chance to gratify their ancient grudge against the father by murdering the son. The killing could be

justified on the plea of service rendered to their cause. Accordingly a plan was made to waylay Will and

He received warning of this plot. On such a mission the utmost vigilance was demanded at all times, and with

an ambuscade ahead of him, he was alertness itself. His knowledge of Indian warfare stood him in good stead

now. Not a tree, rock, or hillock escaped his keen glance. When he neared the creek at which the attack was

expected, he left the road, and attempted to ford the stream four or five hundred yards above the common

crossing, but found it so swollen by recent rains that he was unable to cross; so he cautiously picked his way

The assassins' camp was two or three hundred feet away from the creek. Darkness was coming on, and he

took advantage of the shelter afforded by the bank, screening himself behind every clump of bushes. His

enemies would look for his approach from the other direction, and he hoped to give them the slip and pass by

When he reached the point where he could see the little cabin where the men were probably hiding, he ran

"Five to one! I don't stand much show if they see me," he decided as he rode quietly and slowly along, his

"There he goes, boys! he's at the ford!" came a sudden shout from the camp, followed by the crack of a rifle.

Two or three more shots rang out, and from the bound his horse gave Will knew one bullet had reached a

mark. He rode into the water, then turned in his saddle and aimed like a flash at a man within range. The

fellow staggered and fell, and Will put spurs to his horse, turning again only when the stream was crossed.

The men were running toward the ford, firing as they came, and getting a warm return fire. As Will was

already two or three hundred yards in advance, pursuers on foot were not to be feared, and he knew that

before they could reach and mount their horses he would be beyond danger. Much depended on his horse.

Would the gallant beast, wounded as he was, be able to long maintain the fierce pace he had set? Mile upon

mile was put behind before the stricken creature fell. Will shouldered the saddle and bridle and continued on

foot. He soon reached a ranch where a fresh mount might be procured, and was shortly at Fort Larned.

After a few hours' breathingspell, he left for Fort Leavenworth with return dispatches. As he drew near the

ford, he resumed his sharp lookout, though scarcely expecting trouble. The planners of the ambuscade had

been so certain that five men could easily make away with one boy that there had been no effort at disguise,

and Will had recognized several of them. He, for his part, felt certain that they would get out of that part of

the country with all dispatch; but he employed none the less caution in crossing the creek, and his carbine

The fall of his horse's hoofs evoked a faint call from one of the buildings. It was not repeated; instead there

It might be a trap; again, a fellowcreature might be at death's door. Will rode a bit nearer the cabin entrance.

Will jumped from his horse. This was the man at whom he had fired. He entered the cabin.

Will dropped on his knee beside the dying man, choking with the emotion that the memory of long years of

"It was in defense of your own life, Will," said Norcross. "God knows, I don't blame you. Don't think too

hard of me. I did everything I could to save you. It was I who sent you warning. I hoped you might find some

"I didn't shoot with the others," continued Norcross, after a short silence. "They deserted me. They said they

Will filled the empty canteen lying on the floor, and rearranged the blanket that served as a pillow; then he

offered to dress the neglected wound. But the gray of death was already upon the face of Norcross.

"Never mind, Will," he whispered; "it's not worth while. Just stay with me till I die."

It was not a long vigil. Will sat beside his old friend, moistening his pallid lips with water. In a very short

time the end came. Will disposed the stiffening limbs, crossing the hands over the heart, and with a last

It was his first experience in the bitterness and savagery of war, and he set a grave and downcast face against

As he neared Leavenworth he met the friend who had conveyed the dead man's warning message, and to him

he committed the task of bringing home the body. His heaviness of spirit was scarcely mitigated by the

congratulations of the commander of Fort Leavenworth upon his pluck and resources, which had saved both

There followed another period of inaction, always irritating to a lad of Will's restless temperament.

We were rejoiced in great measure when sister Julia decided that we had learned as much as might be hoped

for in the country school, and must thereafter attend the winter and spring terms of the school at

Leavenworth. The dresses she cut for us, however, still followed the country fashion, which has regard rather

to wear than to appearance, and we had not been a day in the city school before we discovered that our

apparel had stamped "provincial" upon us in plain, large characters. In addition to this, our brotherinlaw, in

his endeavor to administer the estate economically, bought each of us a pair of coarse calfskin shoes. To these

we were quite unused, mother having accustomed us to serviceable but pretty ones. The author of our

"extreme" mortification, totally ignorant of the shy and sensitive nature of girls, only laughed at our protests,

and in justice to him it may be said that he really had no conception of the torture he inflicted upon us.

We turned to Will. In every emergency he was our first thought, and here was an emergency that taxed his

powers to an extent we did not dream of. He made answer to our letter that he was no longer an opulent

trainman, but drew only the slender income of a soldier, and even that pittance was in arrears.

Disappointment was swallowed up in remorse. Had we reflected how keenly he must feel his inability to help

us, we would not have sent him the letter, which, at worst, contained only a sly suggestion of a fine

opportunity to relieve sisterly distress. All his life he had responded to our every demand; now allegiance was

due his country first. But, as was always the way with him, he made the best of a bad matter, and we were

"I am sorry that I cannot help you and furnish you with such clothes as you wish. At this writing I am so short

of funds myself that if an entire Mississippi steamer could be bought for ten cents I couldn't purchase the

smokestack. I will soon draw my pay, and I will send it, every cent, to you. So brave it out, girls, a little

We were comforted, yes; but my last hope was gone, and I grew desperate. I had never worn the obnoxious

shoes purchased by my guardian, and I proceeded to dispose of them forever. I struck what I regarded as a

famous bargain with an accommodating Hebrew, and came into possession of a pair of shiny morocco shoes,

worth perhaps a third of what mine had cost. One would say they were designed for shoes, and they certainly

looked like shoes, but as certainly they were not wearable. Still they were of service, for the transaction

convinced my guardian that the truest economy did not lie in the purchasing of calfskin shoes for at least

one of his charges. A little later he received a letter from Will, presenting our grievances and advocating our

cause. Will also sent us the whole of his next month's pay as soon as he drew it.

In February, 1864, Sherman began his march through Mississippi. The Seventh Kansas regiment, known as

"Jennison's Jayhawkers," was reorganized at Fort Leavenworth as veterans, and sent to Memphis, Tenn., to

join General A. J. Smith's command, which was to operate against General Forrest and cover the retreat of

General Sturgis, who had been so badly whipped by Forrest at CrossRoads. Will was exceedingly desirous

of engaging in a great battle, and through some officers with whom he was acquainted preferred a petition to

be transferred to this regiment. The request was granted, and his delight knew no bounds. He wrote to us that

his great desire was about to be gratified, that he should soon know what a real battle was like.

He was well versed in Indian warfare; now he was ambitious to learn, from experience, the superiority of

General Smith had acquainted himself with the record made by the young scout of the plains, and shortly

after reaching Memphis he ordered Will to report to headquarters for special service.

"I am anxious," said the general, "to gain reliable information concerning the enemy's movements and

position. This can only be done by entering the Confederate camp. You possess the needed qualitiesnerve,

"You mean," answered Will, quietly, "that you wish me to go as a spy into the rebel camp."

"Exactly. But you must understand the risk you run. If you are captured, you will be hanged."

"I am ready to take the chances, sir," said Will; "ready to go at once, if you wish."

"I am sure, Cody," said he, kindly, "that if any one can go through safely, you will. Dodging Indians on the

plains was good training for the work in hand, which demands quick intelligence and ceaseless vigilance. I

never require such service of any one, but since you volunteer to go, take these maps of the country to your

During the few days his regiment had been in camp, Will had been on one or two scouting expeditions, and

was somewhat familiar with the immediate environments of the Union forces. The maps were unusually

accurate, showing every lake, river, creek, and highway, and even the bypaths from plantation to plantation.

Only the day before, while on a reconnoissance, Will had captured a Confederate soldier, who proved to be

an old acquaintance named Nat Golden. Will had served with Nat on one of Russell, Majors Waddell's freight

trains, and at one time had saved the young man's life, and thereby earned his enduring friendship. Nat was

born in the East, became infected with Western fever, and ran away from home in order to become a

"Well, this is too bad," said Will, when he recognized his old friend. "I would rather have captured a whole

regiment than you. I don't like to take you in as a prisoner. What did you enlist on the wrong side for,

"The fortunes of war, Billy, my boy," laughed Nat. "Friend shall be turned against friend, and brother against

brother, you know. You wouldn't have had me for a prisoner, either, if my rifle hadn't snapped; but I'm glad it

"Well, I don't want to see you strung up," said Will; "so hand me over those papers you have, and I will turn

"Well," was the reply, "I've risked my life to obtain these papers, but I suppose they will be taken from me

Examination showed them to be accurate maps of the location and position of the Union army; and besides

the maps, there were papers containing much valuable information concerning the number of soldiers and

officers and their intended movements. Will had not destroyed these papers, and he now saw a way to use

them to his own advantage. When he reported for final instructions, therefore, at General Smith's tent, in the

"I gathered from a statement dropped by the prisoner captured yesterday, that a Confederate spy has

succeeded in making out and carrying to the enemy a complete map of the position of our regiment, together

"Ah," said the general; "I am glad that you have put me on my guard. I will at once change my position, so

"Tonight, sir. I have procured my uniform, and have everything prepared for an early start."

The general looked at Will approvingly. "You will need all the wit, pluck, nerve, and caution of which you

are possessed to come through this ordeal safely," said he. "I believe you can accomplish it, and I rely upon

After a warm handclasp, Will returned to his tent, and lay down for a few hours' rest. By four o'clock he was

IN common walks of life to play the spy is an ignoble role; yet the work has to be done, and there must be

men to do it. There always are such mennervy fellows who swing themselves into the saddle when their

commander lifts his hand, and ride a mad race, with Death at the horse's flank every mile of the way. They

It was with a full realization of the dangers confronting him that Will cantered away from the Union lines, his

borrowed uniform under his arm. As soon as he had put the outposts behind him, he dismounted and

exchanged the blue clothes for the gray. Life on the plains had bronzed his face. For aught his complexion

could tell, the ardent Southern sun might have kissed it to its present hue. Then, if ever, his face was his

fortune in good part; but there was, too, a stout heart under his jacket, and the light of confidence in his eyes.

The dawn had come up when he sighted the Confederate outposts. What lay beyond only time could reveal;

but with a last reassuring touch of the papers in his pocket, he spurred his horse up to the first of the outlying

"Haven't the countersign," said Will, dropping from his horse, "but I have important information for General

"Not exactly. But I have some valuable news about the Yanks, I reckon. Better let me see the general."

"Thus far," he added to himself, "I have played the part. The combination of `Yank' and `I reckon' ought to

His story was not only plausible, but plainly and fairly told; but caution is a child of war, and the sentinel

knew his business. The pseudoConfederate was disarmed as a necessary preliminary, and marched between

two guards to headquarters, many curious eyes (the camp being now astir) following the trio.

When Forrest heard the report, he ordered the prisoner brought before him. One glance at the general's

handsome but harsh face, and the young man steeled his nerves for the encounter. There was no mercy in

those cold, piercing eyes. This first duel of wits was the one to be most dreaded. Unless confidence were

The general's penetrating gaze searched the young face before him for several seconds.

"He is an old friend of mine. He tried for the Union camp to verify information that he had received, but

before he started he left certain papers with me in case he should be captured."

"Yes, sir; but, as I happen to know, he wasn't hanged, for these weren't on him."

As he spoke, Will took from his pocket the papers he had obtained from Golden, and passed them over with

General Forrest was familiar with the hapless Golden's handwriting, and the documents were manifestly

"These are important papers," said he, when he had run his eye over them. "They contain valuable

information, but we may not be able to use it, as we are about to change our location. Do you know what

"Every word," was the truthful reply. "I studied them, so that in case they were destroyed you would still

"I have not as yet joined the army, but I am pretty well acquainted with this section, and perhaps could serve

"Um!" said the general, looking the now easyminded young man over. "You wear our uniform."

"It's Golden's," was the second truthful answer. "He left it with me when he put on the blue."

"Very well," said the general, ending the audience; "you may remain in camp. If I need you, I'll send for

He summoned an orderly, and bade him make the volunteer scout comfortable at the couriers' camp. Will

breathed a sigh of relief as he followed at the orderly's heels. The ordeal was successfully passed. The rest

Two days went by. In them Will picked up valuable information here and there, drew maps, and was prepared

to depart at the first favorable opportunity. It was about time, he figured, that General Forrest found some

scouting work for him. That was a passport beyond the lines, and he promised himself the outposts should see

the cleanest pair of heels that ever left unwelcome society in the rear. But evidently scouting was a drug in

the general's market, for the close of another day found Will impatiently awaiting orders in the couriers'

quarters. This sort of inactivity was harder on the nerves than more tangible perils, and he about made up his

mind that when he left camp it would be without orders, but with a hatful of bullets singing after him. And he

was quite sure that his exit lay that way when, strolling past headquarters, he clapped eyes on the very last

There were just two things to do, knock Golden on the head, or cut and run. Nat would not betray him

knowingly, but unwittingly was certain to do so the moment General Forrest questioned him. There could be

no choice between the two courses open; it was cut and run, and as a preliminary Will cut for his tent. First

concealing his papers, he saddled his horse and rode toward the outposts with a serene countenance.

{illust. caption = "NOW RIDE FOR YOUR LIVES!"} The same sergeant that greeted him when he entered

the lines chanced to be on duty, and of him Will asked an unimportant question concerning the outerflung

lines. Yet as he rode along he could not forbear throwing an apprehensive glance behind. No pursuit was

making, and the farthest picketline was passed by a good fifty yards. Ahead was a stretch of timber.

Suddenly a dull tattoo of horses' hoofs caught his ear, and he turned to see a small cavalcade bearing down

upon him at a gallop. He sank the spurs into his horse's side and plunged into the timber. It was out of the

fryingpan into the fire. He ran plump into a halfdozen Confederate cavalrymen, guarding two Union

prisoners. "Men, a Union spy is escaping!" shouted Will. "Scatter at once, and head him off. I'll look after

your prisoners." There was a ring of authority in the command; it came at least from a petty officer; and

without thought of challenging it, the cavalrymen hurried right and left in search of the fugitive. "Come,"said

Will, in a hurried but smiling whisper to the dejected pair of Union men. "I'm the spy! There!" cutting the

ropes that bound their wrists. "Now ride for your lives!" Off dashed the trio, and not a minute too soon. Will's

halt had been brief, but it had been of advantage to his pursuers, who, with Nat Golden at their head, came on

in full cry, not a hundred yards behind. Here was a race with Death at the horse's flanks. The timber stopped a

share of the singing bullets, but there were plenty that got by the trees, one of them finding lodgment in the

arm of one of the fleeing Union soldiers. Capture meant certain death for Will; for his companions it meant

Andersonville or Libby, at the worst, which was perhaps as bad as death; but Will would not leave them,

though his horse was fresh, and he could easily have distanced them. Of course, if it became necessary, he

was prepared to cut their acquaintance, but for the present he made one of the triplicate targets on which the

galloping marksmen were endeavoring to score a bull'seye. The edge of the wood was shortly reached, and

beyondinspiring sight!lay the outposts of the Union army. The pickets, at sight of the fugitives, sounded

the alarm, and a body of bluecoats responded. Will would have gladly tarried for the skirmish that ensued,

but he esteemed it his first duty to deliver the papers he had risked his life to obtain; so, leaving friend and foe

to settle the dispute as best they might, he put for the clump of trees where he had hidden his uniform, and

exchanged it for the gray, that had served its purpose and was no longer endurable. Under his true colors he

rode into camp. General Forrest almost immediately withdrew from that neighborhood, and after the

atrocious massacre at Fort Pillow, on the 12th of April, left the state. General Smith was recalled, and Will

was transferred, with the commission of guide and scout for the Ninth Kansas Regiment. The Indians were

giving so much trouble along the line of the old Santa Fe trail that troops were needed to protect the

stagecoaches, emigrants, and caravans traveling that great highway. Like nearly all our Indian wars, this

trouble was precipitated by the injustice of the white man's government of certain of the native tribes. In 1860

Colonel A. G. Boone, a worthy grandson of the immortalDaniel, made a treaty with the Comanches, Kiowas,

Cheyennes, and Arapahoes, and at their request he was made agent. During his wise, just, and humane

administration all of these savage nations were quiet, and held the kindliest feelings toward the whites. Any

one could cross the plains without fear of molestation. In 1861 a charge of disloyalty was made against

Colonel Boone by Judge Wright, of Indiana, and he succeeded in having the right man removed from the

right place. Russell, Majors Waddell, recognizing his influence over the Indians, gave him fourteen hundred

acres of land near Pueblo, Colorado. Colonel Boone moved there, and the place was named Booneville. Fifty

chieftains from the tribes referred to visited Colonel Boone in the fall of 1862, and implored him to return to

them. He told them that the President had sent him away. They offered to raise money, by selling their horses,

to send him to Washington, to tell the Great Father what their agent was doingthat he stole their goods and

sold them back again; and they bade the colonel say that there would be trouble unless some one were put in

the dishonest man's place. With the innate logic for which the Indian is noted, they declared that they had as

much right to steal from passing caravans as the agent had to steal from them. No notice was taken of so

trifling a matter as an injustice to the Indian. The administration had its hands more than full in the attempt to

right the wrongs of the negro. In the fall of 1863 a caravan passed along the trail. It was a small one, but the

Indians had been quiet for so long a time that travelers were beginning to lose fear of them. A band of

warriors rode up to the wagontrain and asked for something to eat. The teamsters thought they would be

doing humanity a service if they killed a redskin, on theancient principle that "the only good Indian is a dead

one." Accordingly, a friendly, inoffensive Indian was shot. The bullet that reached his heart touched that of

every warrior in these nations. Every man but one in the wagon train was slain, the animals driven off, and

the wagons burned. The fires of discontent that had been smoldering for two years in the red man's breast

now burst forth with volcanic fury. Hundreds of atrocious murders followed, with wholesale destruction of

property. The Ninth Kansas Regiment, under the command of Colonel Clark, was detailed to protect the old

trail between Fort Lyon and Fort Larned, and as guide and scout Will felt wholly at home. He knew the

Indian and his ways, and had no fear of him. His fine horse and glittering trappings were an innocent delight

to him; and who will not pardon in him the touch of pride say vanitythat thrilled him as he led his

regiment down the Arkansas River? During the summer there were sundry skirmishes with the Indians. The

same old vigilance, learned in earlier days on the frontier, was in constant demand, and there was many a

rough and rapid ride to drive the hostiles from the trail. Whatever Colonel Clark's men may have had to

complain of, there was no lack of excitement, no dull days, in that summer. In the autumn the Seventh Kansas

was again ordered to the front, and at the request of its officers Will was detailed for duty with his old

regiment. General Smith's orders were that he should go to Nashville. Rosecrans was then in command of the

Union forces in Missouri. His army was very small, numbering only about 6,500 men, while the Confederate

General Price was on the point of entering the state with 20,000. This superiority of numbers was sogreat that

General Smith received an order countermanding the other, and remained in Missouri, joining forces with

Rosecrans to oppose Price. Rosecrans's entire force still numbered only 11,000, and he deemed it prudent to

concentrate his army around St. Louis. General Ewing's forces and a portion of General Smith's command

occupied Pilot Knob. On Monday, the 24th of September, 1864, Price advanced against this position, but was

repulsed with heavy losses. An adjacent fort in the neighborhood of Ironton was assaulted, but the

Confederate forces again sustained a severe loss. This fort held a commanding lookout on Shepard Mountain,

which the Confederates occupied, and their walldirected fire obliged General Ewing to fall back to Harrison

Station, where he made a stand, and some sharp fighting followed. General Ewing again fell back, and

succeeded in reaching General McNeill, at Rolla, with the main body of his troops. This was Will's first

serious battle, and it so chanced that he found himself opposed at one point by a body of Missouri troops

numbering many of the men who had been his father's enemies and persecutors nine years before. In the heat

of the conflict he recognized more than one of them, and with the recognition came the memory of his

boyhood's vow to avenge his father's death. Three of those men fell in that battle; and whether or not it was

he who laid them low, from that day on he accounted himself freed of his melancholy obligation. After

several hardfought battles, Price withdrew from Missouri with the remnant of his commandseven

thousand where there had been twenty. During this campaign Will received honorable mention "for most

conspicuous bravery and valuable service upon the field," and he was shortly brought into favorable noticein

many quarters. The worth of the tried veterans was known, but none of the older men was in more demand

than Will. His was seemingly a charmed life. Often was he detailed to bear dispatches across the battlefield,

and though horses were shot under him riddled by bullets or torn by shellshe himself went scathless.

During this campaign, too, he ran across his old friend of the plains, Wild Bill. Stopping at a farmhouse one

day to obtain a meal, he was not a little surprised to hear the salutation: "Well, Billy, my boy, how are you?"

He looked around to see a hand outstretched from a coatsleeve of Confederate gray, and as he knew Wild

Bill to be a stanch Unionist, he surmised that he was engaged upon an enterprise similar to his own. There

was an exchange of chaffing about gray uniforms and blue, but more serious talk followed. "Take these

papers, Billy," said Wild Bill, passing over a package. "Take 'em to General McNeill, and tell him I'm

picking up too much good news to keep away from the Confederate camp." "Don't take too many chances,"

cautioned Will, well knowing that the only chances the other would not take would be the sort that were not

visible. Colonel Hickok, to give him his real name, replied, with a laugh: "Practice what you preach, my son.

Your neck is of more value than mine. You have a future, but mine is mostly past. I'm getting old." At this

point the good woman of the house punctuated the colloquy with a savory meal, which the pair discussed

with good appetite and easy conscience, in spite of their hostess's refusal to take pay from Confederate

soldiers."As long as I have a crust in the house," said she, "you boys are welcome to it." But the pretended

Confederates paid her for her kindness in better currency than she was used to. They withheld information

concerning a proposed visit of her husband and son, of which, during one spell of loquacity, she acquainted

them. The bread she cast upon the waters returned to her speedily. The two friends parted company, Will

returning to the Union lines, and Colonel Hickok to the opposing camp. A few days later, when the

Confederate forces were closing up around the Union lines, and a battle was at hand, two horsemen were seen

to dart out of the hostile camp and ride at full speed for the Northern lines. For a space the audacity of the

escape seemed to paralyze the Confederates; but presently the bullets followed thick and fast, and one of the

saddles was empty before the rescue party of which Will was onegot fairly under way. As the survivor

drew near, Will shouted: "It's Wild Bill, the Union scout." A cheer greeted the intrepid Colonel Hickok, and

he rode into camp surrounded by a party of admirers. The information he brought proved of great value in the

AFTER the battle of Pilot Knob Will was assigned, through the influence of General Polk, to special service

at military headquarters in St. Louis. Mrs. Polk had been one of mother's school friends, and the two had

maintained a correspondence up to the time of mother's death. As soon as Mrs. Polk learned that the son of

her old friend was in the Union army, she interested herself in obtaining a good position for him. But

deskwork is not a Pony Express rush, and Will found the St. Louis detail about as much to his taste as

clerking in a drygoods store. His new duties naturally became intolerable, lacking the excitement and

dangerscent which alone made his life worth while to him. One event, however, relieved the deadweight

monotony of his existence; he met Louise Frederici, the girl who became his wife. The courtship has been

written far and wide with bloodandthunder pen, attended by lariatthrowing and runaway steeds. In reality

it was a romantic affair. More than once, while out for a morning canter, Will had remarked a young woman

of attractive face and figure, who sat her horse with the grace of Diana Vernon. Now, few things catch Will's

eye more quickly than fine horsemanship. He desired to establish an acquaintance with the young lady, but as

none of his friends knew her, he found it impossible. At length a chance came. Her bridlerein broke

onemorning; there was a runaway, a rescue, and then acquaintance was easy. From war to love, or from love

to war, is but a step, and Will lost no time in taking it. He was somewhat better than an apprentice to Dan

Cupid. If the reader remembers, he went to school with Steve Gobel. True, his opportunities to enjoy

feminine society had not been many, which; perhaps, accounts for the promptness with which he embraced

them when they did arise. He became the accepted suitor of Miss Louise Frederici before the war closed and

his regiment was mustered out. The spring of 1865 found him not yet twenty, and he was sensible of the fact

that before he could dance at his own wedding he must place his worldly affairs upon a surer financial basis

than falls to the lot of a soldier; so, much as he would have enjoyed remaining in St. Louis, fortune pointed to

wider fields, and he set forth in search of remunerative and congenial employment. First, there was the visit

home, where the warmest of welcomes awaited him. During his absence the second sister, Eliza, had married

a Mr. Myers, but the rest of us were at the old place, and the eagerness with which we awaited Will's

homecoming was stimulated by the hope that he would remain and take charge of the estate. Before we

broached this subject, however, he informed us of his engagement to Miss Frederici, which, far from

awakening jealousy, aroused our delight, Julia voicing the sentiment of the family in the comment: "When

you're married, Will, you will have to stay at home." This led to the matter of his remaining with us to

manage the estateand to the upsetting of our plans. The pay of a soldier in the war was next to nothing, and

asWill had been unable to put any money by, he took the first chance that offered to better his fortunes. This

happened to be a job of driving horses from Leavenworth to Fort Kearny, and almost the first man he met

after reaching the fort was an old plains friend, Bill Trotter. "You're just the chap I've been looking for," said

Trotter, when he learned that Will desired regular work. "I'm division station agent here, but stagedriving is

dangerous work, as the route is infested with Indians and outlaws. Several drivers have been held up and

killed lately, so it's not a very enticing job, but the pay's good, and you know the country. If any one can take

the stage through, you can. Do you want the job?" When a man is in love and the weddingday has been

dreamed of, if not set, life takes on an added sweetness, and to stake it against the marksmanship of Indian or

outlaw is not, perhaps, the best use to which it may be put. Will had come safely through so many perils that

it seemed folly to thrust his head into another batch of them, and thinking of Louise and the coming

weddingday, his first thought was no. But it was the old story, and there was Trotter at his elbow expressing

confidence in his ability as a frontiersman an opinion Will fully shared, for a man knows what he can do.

The pay was good, and the sooner earned the sooner would the wedding be, and Trotter received the answer

he expected. The stage line was another of the Western enterprises projected by Russell, Majors Waddell.

When gold was discovered on Pike's Peak there was no method of traversing the great Western plain except

by plodding oxteam, mulepack, or stagecoach. A semimonthly stage line ran from St. Joseph to Salt Lake

City, but it was poorlyequipped and very tedious, oftentimes twentyone days being required to make the

trip. The senior member of the firm, in partnership with John S. Jones, of Missouri, established a new line

between the Missouri River and Denver, at that time a straggling mining hamlet. One thousand Kentucky

mules were bought, with a sufficient number of coaches to insure a daily run each way. The trip was made in

six days, which necessitated travel at the rate of a hundred miles a day. The first stage reached Denver on

May 17, 1859. It was accounted a remarkable achievement, and the line was pronounced a great success. In

one way it was; but the expense of equipping it had been enormous, and the new line could not meet its

obligations. To save the credit of their senior partner, Russell, Majors Waddell were obliged to come to the

rescue. They bought up all the outstanding obligations, and also the rival stage line between St. Joseph and

Salt Lake City. They consolidated the two, and thereby hoped to put the Overland stage route on a paying

basis. St. Joseph now became the startingpoint of the united lines. From there the road went to Fort Kearny,

and followed the old Salt Lake trail, already described in these pages. After leaving Salt Lake it passed

through Camp Floyd, Ruby Valley, Carson City, Placerville, and Folsom, and ended in Sacramento. The

distance from St. Joseph to Sacramento by this old stage route was nearly nineteen hundred miles. The time

required by mail contracts and the government schedule was nineteen days. The trip was frequently made in

fifteen, but there were so many causes for detention that the limit was more often reached. Each two hundred

and fifty miles of road was designated a "division," and was in charge of an agent, who hadgreat authority in

his own jurisdiction. He was commonly a man of more than ordinary intelligence, and all matters pertaining

to his division were entirely under his control. He hired and discharged employee, purchased horses, mules,

harness, and food, and attended to their distribution at the different stations. He superintended the erection of

all buildings, had charge of the water supply, and he was the paymaster. There was also a man known as the

conductor, whose route was almost coincident with that of the agent. He sat with the driver, and often rode

the whole two hundred and fifty miles of his division without any rest or sleep, except what he could catch

sitting on the top of the flying coach. The coach itself was a roomy, swaying vehicle, swung on

thoroughbraces instead of springs. It always had a sixhorse or sixmule team to draw it, and the speed was

nervebreaking. Passengers were allowed twentyfive pounds of baggage, and that, with the mail, express,

and the passengers themselves, was in charge of the conductor. The Overland stagecoaches were operated at

a loss until 1862. In March of that year Russell, Majors Waddell transferred the whole outfit to Ben Holliday.

Here was a typical frontiersman, of great individuality and character. At the time he took charge of the route

the United States mail was given to it. This put the line on a sound financial basis, as the government spent

$800,000 yearly in transporting the mail to San Francisco. Will reported for duty the morning after his talk

with Trotter, and when he mounted the stagebox and gathered the reins over the six spirited horses, the

passengers were assured of an expert driver. His run was from Fort Kearny to Plum Creek. The country was

sharply familiar. It was the scene of his first encounter with Indians. A long and lonely ride it was, and a

dismal one when the weather turned cold; but it meant a hundred and fifty dollars a month; and each pay day

Indian signs there had been right along, but they were only signs until one bleak day in November. He pulled

out of Plum Creek with a sharp warning ringing in his ears. Indians were on the warpath, and trouble was

more likely than not ahead. Lieutenant Flowers, assistant division agent, was on the box with him, and within

Half the run had been covered, when Will's experienced eye detected the promised red men. Before him lay a

stream which must be forded. The creek was densely fringed with underbrush, and along this the Indians

Perhaps this is a good place to say a word concerning the seemingly extraordinary fortune that has stood by

Will in his adventures. Not only have his own many escapes been of the hairbreadth sort, but he has arrived

on the scene of danger at just the right moment to rescue others from extinction. Of course, an element of

luck has entered into these affairs, but for the most part they simply proved the old saying that an ounce of

prevention is better than a pound of cure. Will had studied the plains as an astronomer studies the heavens.

The slightest disarrangement of the natural order of things caught his eye. With the astronomer, it is a comet

or an asteroid appearing upon a field whose every object has long since been placed and studied; with Will, it

was a feathered headdress where there should have been but tree, or rock, or grass; a moving figure where

When seen, those things were calculated as the astronomer calculates the motion of the objects that he

studies. A planet will arrive at a given place at a certain time; an Indian will reach a ford in a stream in about

so many minutes. If there be time to cross before him, it is a matter of hard driving; if the odds are with the

A less experienced observer than Will would not have seen the skulking redskins; a less skilled frontiersman

would not have apprehended their design; a less expert driver would not have taken the running chance for

life; a less accurate marksman would not have picked off an Indian with a rifle while shooting from the top of

Will did not hesitate. A warning shout to the passengers, and the whip was laid on, and off went the horses

full speed. Seeing that they had been discovered, the Indians came out into the open, and ran their ponies for

the ford, but the stage was there full five hundred yards before them. It was characteristic of their driver that

the horses were suffered to pause at the creek long enough to get a swallow of water; then, refreshed, they

The coach, creaking in every joint, rocked like a captive balloon, the unhappy passengers were hurled from

one side of the vehicle to the other, flung into one another's laps, and occasionally, when some uncommon

obstacle sought to check the flying coach, their heads collided with its roof. The Indians menaced them

Will plied the whip relentlessly, and so nobly did the powerful horses respond that the Indians gained but

slowly on them. There were some fifty redskins in the band, but Will assumed that if he could reach the relay

station, the two stocktenders there, with himself, Lieutenant Flowers, and the passengers, would be more

When the pursuers drew within fair rifle range, Will handed the reins to the lieutenant, swung round in his

"There," shouted one of the passengers, "that fellow with the feathers is shot!" and another fusillade from the

The relay station was now hard by, and attracted by the firing, the stocktenders came forth to take a hand in

the engagement. Disheartened by the fall of their chief, the Indians weakened at the sign of reinforcements,

Lieutenant Flowers and two of the passengers were wounded, but Will could not repress a smile at the excited

assurance of one of his fares that they (the passengers) had "killed one Indian and driven the rest back." The

stocktenders smiled also, but said nothing. It would have been too bad to spoil such a good story.

The gravest fears for the safety of the coach had been expressed when it was known that the reds were on the

warpath; it was not thought possible that it could get through unharmed, and troops were sent out to scour

the country. These, while too late to render service in the adventure just related, did good work during the

remainder of the winter. The Indians were thoroughly subdued, and Will saw no more of them.

There was no other adventure of special note until February. Just before Will started on his run, Trotter took

him to one side and advised him that a small fortune was going by the coach that day, and extra vigilance was

"I'll do the best I can," said Will; and he had scarcely driven away when he suspected the two illfavored

passengers he carried. The sudden calling away of the conductor, whereby he was left alone, was a suspicious

circumstance. He properly decided that it would be wiser for him to hold up his passengers than to let them

hold up him, and he proceeded to take time by the forelock. He stopped the coach, jumped down, and

examined the harness as if something was wrong; then he stepped to the coach door and asked his passengers

to hand him a rope that was inside. As they complied, they looked into the barrels of two cocked revolvers.

"What's the matter with you?" demanded one of the pair, as their arms were raised.

"You're a cute one, youngster," said he, "but you'll find more'n your match down the road, or I miss my

"I'll look after that when I get to it," said Will. "Will you oblige me by tying your friend's hands? Thank you.

When both outlaws had been securely trussed up and proven to be disarmed, the journey was resumed. The

remark dropped by one of the pair was evidence that they were part of the gang. He must reach the relay

The relay station was not far away, and was safely reached. The prisoners were turned over to the

stocktenders, and then Will disposed of the treasure against future molestation. He cut open one of the

cushions of the coach, taking out part of the filling, and in the cavity thus made stored everything of value,

including his own watch and pocketbook; then the filling was replaced and the hole smoothed to a natural

If there were more in the gang, he looked for them at the ford where the Indians had sought to cut him off,

and he was not disappointed. As he drew near the growth of willows that bordered the road, half a dozen men

"Halt, or you're a dead man!" was the conventional salutation, in this case graciously received.

"Gentlemen," said Will, smiling, "this is a case where it takes a thief to catch a thief."

"What's that?" cried one of the outlaws, his feelings outraged by the frank description.

"Not that I'm the thief," continued Will, "but your pals were one too many for you this time."

"Did they rob you?" howled the gang in chorus, shocked by such depravity on the part of their comrades.

"If there's anything left in the coach worth having, don't hesitate to take it," offered Will, pleasantly.

"Where's your strongbox?" demanded the outlaws, loath to believe there was no honor among thieves.

Will drew it forth and exposed its melancholy emptiness. The profanity that ensued was positively shocking.

"Eight or nine miles back. You'll find some straw in the road. You can have that, too."

"Then we can catch 'em, boys," shouted the leader, hope upspringing in his breast. "Come, let's be off!"

They started for the willows on the jump, and presently returned, spurring their horses.

"Give them my regards!" shouted Will. But only the thud! thud! of horsehoofs answered him. Retribution

Will pushed along to the end of his run, and handed over his trust undisturbed. Fearing that his ruse might

have been discovered, he put the "extra vigilance" urged by Trotter into the return trip, but the trail was

deserted. He picked up the prisoners at the relay station and carried them to Fort Kearny. If their companions

were to discover the sorry trick played upon them, they would have demanded his life as a sacrifice.

At the end of this exciting trip he found a letter from Miss Frederici awaiting him. She urged him to give up

the wild life he was leading, return East, and find another calling. This was precisely what Will himself had

in mind, and persuasion was not needed. In his reply he asked that the weddingday be set, and then he

"But," said Will, "I took the job only in order to save enough money to get married on."

WHEN Will reached home, he found another letter from Miss Frederici, who, agreeably to his request, had

The wedding ceremony was quietly performed at the home of the bride, and the large number of friends that

witnessed it united in declaring that no handsomer couple ever bowed for Hymen's benediction.

The bridal journey was a trip to Leavenworth on a Missouri steamer. At that time there was much travel by

these boats, and their equipment was firstclass. They were sumptuously fitted out, the table was excellent,

and except when sectional animosities disturbed the serenity of their decks, a trip on one of them was a very

The young benedict soon discovered, however, that in war times the "trail of the serpent" is liable to be over

all things; even a wedding journey is not exempt from the baneful influence of sectional animosity. A party of

excursionists on board the steamer manifested so extreme an interest in the bridal couple that Louise retired

to a stateroom to escape their rudeness. After her withdrawal, Will entered into conversation with a

gentleman from Indiana, who had been very polite to him, and asked him if he knew the reason for the

insolence of the excursion party. The gentleman hesitated a moment, and then answered:

"To tell the truth, Mr. Cody, these men are Missourians, and say they recognize you as one of Jennison's

Jayhawkers; that you were an enemy of the South, and are, therefore, an enemy of theirs."

Will answered, steadily: "I was a soldier during the war, and a scout in the Union army, but I had some

experience of Southern chivalry before that time." And he related to the Indianian some of the incidents of

the early Kansas border warfare, in which he and his father had played so prominent a part.

The next day the insolent behavior was continued. Will was much inclined to resent it, but his wife pleaded

In the afternoon, when the boat landed at a lonely spot to wood up, the Missourians seemed greatly excited,

The roustabouts were just about to make the boat fast, when a party of armed horsemen dashed out of the

woods and galloped toward the landing. The captain thought the boat was to be attacked, and hastily gave

orders to back out, calling the crew on board at the same time. These orders the negroes lost no time in

obeying, as they often suffered severely at the hands of these reckless marauders. The leader of the horsemen

rode rapidly up, firing at random. As he neared the steamer he called out, "Where is that Kansas Jayhawker?

We have come for him." The other men caught sight of Will, and one of them cried, "We know you, Bill

Cody." But they were too late. Already the steamer was backing away from the shore, dragging her

gangplank through the water; the negro roustabouts were too much terrified to pull it in. When the attacking

party saw their plans were frustrated, and that they were balked of their prey, they gave vent to their

disappointment in yells of rage. A random volley was fired at the retreating steamer, but it soon got out of

Will had prepared himself for the worst; he stood, revolver in hand, at the head of the steps, ready to dispute

There was also a party of old soldiers on board, six or eight in number; they were dressed in civilians' garb,

and Will knew nothing of them; but when they heard of their comrade's predicament, they hastily prepared to

back up the young scout. Happily the danger was averted, and their services were not called into requisition.

It was afterward learned that as soon as the Missourians became aware of the presence of the Union scout on

board, they telegraphed ahead to the James and Younger brothers that Will was aboard the boat, and asked to

have a party meet it at this secluded landing, and capture and carry off the young soldier. Will feared that

Louise might be somewhat disheartened by such an occurrence on the bridal trip, but the welcome accorded

the young couple on their arrival at Leavenworth was flattering enough to make amends for all unpleasant

incidents. The young wife found that her husband numbered his friends by the score in his own home; and in

Entreated by Louise to abandon the plains and pursue a vocation along more peaceful paths, Will conceived

the idea of taking up the business in which mother had won financial successthat of landlord. The house

she had built was purchased after her death by Dr. Crook, a surgeon in the Seventh Kansas Regiment. It was

now for rent, which fact no doubt decided Will in his choice of an occupation. It was good to live again under

the roof that had sheltered his mother in her last days; it was good to see the young wife amid the old scenes.

There was a baby in Julia's home, and it had so wound itself around May's heartstrings that she could not be

enticed away; but there was never anybody who could supplant Will in my heart; so I gladly accepted his

Thoreau has somewhere drawn a sympathetic portrait of the Landlord, who is supposed to radiate hospitality

as the sun throws off heatas its own reward and who feeds and lodges men purely from a love of the

creatures. Yet even such a landlord, if he is to continue long in business, must have an eye to profit, and make

up in one corner what he parts with in another. Now, Will radiated hospitality, and his reputation as a lover of

his fellowman got so widely abroad that travelers without money and without price would go miles out of

their way to put up at his tavern. Socially, he was an irreproachable landlord; financially, his shortcomings

And then the life of an innkeeper, while not without its joys and opportunities to love one's fellowman, is

somewhat prosaic, and our guests oftentimes remarked an absent, faraway expression in the eyes of

Landlord Cody. He was thinking of the plains. Louise also remarked that expression, and the sympathy she

felt for his yearnings was accentuated by an examination of the books of the hostelry at the close of the first

six months' business. Half smiling, half tearful, she consented to his return to his Western life.

Will disposed of the house and settled his affairs, and when all the bills were paid, and Sister Lou and I cozily

ensconced in a little home at Leavenworth, we found that Will's generous thought for our comfort through the

winter had left him on the beach financially. He had planned a freighting trip on his own account, but the

acquiring of a team, wagon, and the rest of the outfit presented a knotty problem when he counted over the

For the first time I saw disappointment and discouragement written on his face, and I was sorely distressed,

for he had never denied me a desire that he could gratify, and it was partly on my account that he was not in

better financial condition. I was not yet sixteen; it would be two years more before I could have a say as to

I decided to lay the matter before Lawyer Douglass. Surely he could suggest some plan whereby I might

assist my brother. I had a halfmatured plan of my own, but I was assured that Will would not listen to it.

Mr. Douglass had been the legal adviser of the family since he won our first lawsuit, years before. We

considered the problem from every side, and the lawyer suggested that Mr. Buckley, an old friend of the

family, had a team and wagon for sale; they were strong and serviceable, and just the thing that Will would

likely want. I was a minor, but if Mr. Buckley was willing to accept me as security for the property, there

Mr. Buckley proved entirely agreeable to the proposition. Will could have the outfit in return for his note

That disposed of, the question of freight to put into the wagon arose. I thought of another old friend of the

family, M. E. Albright, a wholesale grocer in Leavenworth. Would he trust Will for a load of supplies? He

Thus everything was arranged satisfactorily, and I hastened home to not the easiest taskto prevail upon

Will to accept assistance at the hands of the little sister who, not so long ago, had employed his aid in the

But Will could really do nothing save accept, and proud and happy, he sallied forth one day as an individual

Alas for enterprises started on borrowed capital! How many of them end in disaster, leaving their projectors

not only penniless, but in debt. Our young frontiersman, whose life had been spent in protecting the property

of others, was powerless to save his own. Wagon, horses, and freight were all captured by Indians, and their

owner barely escaped with his life. From a safe covert he watched the redskins plunge him into bankruptcy. It

took him several years to recover, and he has often remarked that the responsibility of his first business

The nearest station to the scene of this disaster was Junction City, and thither he tramped, in the hope of

retrieving his fortunes. There he met Colonel Hickok, and in the pleasure of the greeting forgot his business

ruin for a space. The story of his marriage and his stirring adventures as a landlord and lover of his fellowman

were first to be related, and when these were commented upon, and his old friend had learned, too, of the

"There isn't exactly a fortune in it," said Wild Bill, "but I'm scouting for Uncle Sam at Fort Ellsworth. The

"All right," said Will, always quick in decision; "I'll go along with you, and apply for a job at once."

He was pleased to have Colonel Hickok's recommendation, but it turned out that he did not need it, as his

own reputation had preceded him. The commandant of the fort was glad to add him to the force. The territory

he had to scout over lay between Forts Ellsworth and Fletcher, and he alternated between those points

It was at Fort Fletcher, in the spring of 1867, that he fell in with the dashing General Custer, and the

friendship established between them was ended only by the death of the general at the head of his gallant

This spring was an exceedingly wet one, and the fort, which lay upon the bank of Big Creek, was so damaged

by floods that it was abandoned. A new fort was erected, some distance to the westward, on the south fork of

Returning one day from an extended scouting trip, Will discovered signs indicating that Indians in

considerable force were in the neighborhood. He at once pushed forward at all speed to report the news, when

a second discovery took the wind out of his sails; the hostiles were between him and the fort.

At that moment a party of horsemen broke into view, and seeing they were white men, Will waited their

approach. The little band proved to be General Custer and an escort of ten, en route from Fort Ellsworth to

Informed by Will that they were cut off by Indians, and that the only hope of escape lay in a rapid flank

Will wheeled, clapped spurs to his horse, and dashed away, with the others close behind. All hands were

sufficiently versed in Indian warfare to appreciate the seriousness of their position. They pursued a

roundabout trail, and reached the fort without seeing a hostile, but learned from the reports of others that their

Custer was on his way to Larned, sixty miles distant, and he needed a guide. He requested that Will be

"The very man I proposed to send with you, General," said the commandant, who knew well the keen desire

of the Indians to get at "Yellow Hair," as they called Custer. "Cody knows this part of the country like a

book; he is up to all the Indian games, and he is as full of resources as a nut is of meat."

At daybreak the start was made, and it was planned to cover the sixty miles before nightfall. Will was

mounted on a mousecolored mule, to which he was much attached, and in which he had every confidence.

"Do you think, Cody, that mule can set the pace to reach Larned in a day?" he asked.

"When you get to Larned, General," smiled Will, "the mule and I will be with you."

Custer said no more for a while, but the pace he set was eloquent, and the mousecolored mule had to run

under "forced draught" to keep up with the procession. It was a killing pace, too, for the horses, which did not

possess the staying power of the mule. Will was half regretting that he had ridden the animal, and was

wondering how he could crowd on another pound or two of steam, when, suddenly glancing at Custer, he

caught a gleam of mischief in the general's eye. Plainly the latter was seeking to compel an acknowledgment

Fifteen miles were told off; Custer's thoroughbred horse was still in fine fettle, but the mule had got the

To the general's surprise, the longeared animal did go ahead, and when the party got into the hills, and the

traveling grew heavy, it set a pace that seriously annoyed the general's thoroughbred.

Fifteen miles more were pounded out, and a halt was called for luncheon. The horses needed the rest, but the

mousecolored mule wore an impatient expression. Having got its third wind, it wanted to use it.

"Well, General," said Will, when they swung off on the trail again, "what do you think of my mount?"

Custer laughed. "It's not very handsome," said he, "but it seems to know what it's about, and so does the rider.

You're a fine guide, Cody. Like the Indian, you seem to go by instinct, rather than by trails and landmarks."

The praise of Custer was sweeter to the young scout than that of any other officer on the plains would have

At just four o'clock the mousecolored mule jogged into Fort Larned and waved a triumphant pair of ears. A

short distance behind rode Custer, on a thoroughly tired thoroughbred, while the escort was strung along the

"Cody," laughed the general, "that remarkable quadruped of yours looks equal to a return trip. Our horses are

pretty well fagged out, but we have made a quick trip and a good one. You brought us 'cross country straight

as the crow flies, and that's the sort of service I appreciate. Any time you're in need of work, report to me. I'll

It was Custer's intention to remain at Fort Larned for some time, and Will, knowing that he was needed at

When night fell, he proceeded warily. On the way out he had directed Custer's attention to signs denoting the

Suddenly a distant light flashed into view, but before he could check his mule it had vanished. He rode back a

few paces, and the light reappeared. Evidently it was visible through some narrow space, and the matter

After he had covered half a mile, he found himself between two sandhills, the pass leading into a little

hollow, within which were a large number of Indians camped around the fire whose light he had followed.

Will's position was somewhat ticklish, as, without a doubt, an Indian sentinel was posted in the pass; yet it

was his duty, as he understood it, to obtain a measurably accurate estimate of the number of warriors in the

band. Himself a very Indian in stealth, he drew nearer the campfire, when suddenly there rang out upon the

Even in the daylight, amid scenes of peace and tranquillity, the voice of a mule falls short of the not

enchanting music of the bagpipe. At night in the wilderness, when every nerve is keyed up to the

Will was startled, naturally, but the Indians were thrown into dire confusion. They smothered the campfires

and scattered for cover, while a sentinel sprang up from behind a rock not twenty feet from Will, and was off

The scout held his ground till he had made a good guess at the number of Indians in the party; then he ran for

As he neared the animal he saw that two mounted Indians had laid hold of it, and were trying to induce it to

follow them; but the mule, true to tradition and its master, stubbornly refused to budge a foot.

It was a comical tableau, but Will realized that it was but a step from farce to tragedy. A rifleshot dropped

Another bray from the mule, this time a paean of triumph, as Will jumped into the saddle, with an arrow from

the bow of the wounded Indian through his coatsleeve. He declined to return the fire of the wounded wretch,

and rode away into the timber, while all around the sound of Indians in pursuit came to his ears.

"Now, my mousecolored friend," said Will, "if you win this race your name is Custer."

The mule seemed to understand; at all events, it settled down to work that combined the speed of a racer with

the endurance of a buffalo. The Indians shortly abandoned the pursuit, as they could not see their game.

Will reached Fort Hayes in the early morning, to report the safe arrival of Custer at Larned and the discovery

of the Indian band, which he estimated at two hundred braves. The mule received "honorable mention" in his

The colonel prepared to dispatch troops against the Indians, and requested Will to guide the expedition, if he

"No, thank you," laughed Will. "It isn't safe, sir, to hunt Indians with an animal that carries a brassband

Captain George A. Armes, of the Tenth Cavalry, was to command the expedition, which comprised a troop of

colored cavalry and a howitzer. As the command lined up for the start, a courier on a foamsplashed horse

rode up with the news that the workmen on the Kansas Pacific Railroad had been attacked by Indians, six of

them killed, and over a hundred horses and mules and a quantity of stores stolen.

The troops rode away, the colored boys panting for a chance at the redskins, and Captain Armes more than

At nightfall the command made camp near the Saline River, at which point it was expected to find the

Indians. Before dawn they were in the saddle again, riding straight across country, regardless of trails, until

Will's judgment was again verified by the discovery of a large camp of hostiles on the opposite bank of the

stream. The warriors were as quick of eye, and as they greatly outnumbered the soldiers, and were

emboldened by the success of their late exploit, they did not wait the attack, but came charging across the

They were nearly a mile distant, and Captain Armes had time to plant the howitzer on a little rise of ground.

Twenty men were left to handle it. The rest of the command advanced to the combat.

They were just at the point of attack when a fierce yelling was heard in the rear, and the captain discovered

that his retreat to the gun was cut off by another band of reds, and that he was between two fires. His only

course was to repulse the enemy in front. If this were done, and the colored gunners did not flee before the

The warriors came on with their usual impetuosity, whooping and screaming, but they met such a raking fire

from the disciplined troops that they fell back in disorder. Just then the men at the howitzer opened fire. The

effect of this fieldpiece on the children of the plains was magical almost ludicrous. A veritable stampede

"Follow me!" shouted Captain Armes, galloping in pursuit; but in their eagerness to give chase the troops fell

into such disorder that a bugleblast recalled them before any further damage was done the flying foe. The

Captain Armes was somewhat chagrined that he had no prisoners, but there was consolation in taking back

nearly all the horses that had been stolen. These were found picketed at the camp across the river, where

Shortly after this, Will tried his hand at land speculation. During one of his scouting trips to Fort Harker, he

visited Ellsworth, a new settlement, three miles from the fort. There he met a man named Rose, who had a

grading contract for the Kansas Pacific Railroad, near Fort Hayes. Rose had bought land at a point through

which the railroad was to run, and proposed staking it out as a town, but he needed a partner in the enterprise.

The site was a good one. Big Creek was hard by, and it was near enough to the fort to afford settlers

reasonable security against Indian raids. Will regarded the enterprise favorably. Besides the money sent home

each month, he had put by a small sum, and this he invested in the partnership with Rose.

The town site was surveyed and staked off into lots; a cabin was erected, and stocked with such goods as are

needed on the frontier, and the budding metropolis was weighted with the classic name of Rome.

As an encouragement to settlers, a lot was offered to any one that would agree to erect a building. The

Rome boomed. Two hundred cabins went up in less than sixty days. Mr. Rose and Will shook hands and

complimented each other on their penetration and business sagacity. They were coming millionaires, they

One day Dr. W. E. Webb alighted in Rome. He was a gentleman of most amiable exterior, and when he

entered the store of Rose Cody they prepared to dispose of a large bill of goods. But Dr. Webb was not

buying groceries. He chatted a while about the weather and Rome, and then suggested that the firm needed a

third partner. But this was the last thing the prospective millionaires had in mind, and the suggestion of their

Dr. Webb was not a gentleman to insist upon a suggestion. He was locating towns for the Kansas Pacific

Railroad, he said, and as Rome was well started, he disliked to interfere with it; but, really, the company must

Neither Mr. Rose nor Will had had experience with the power of a big corporation, and satisfied that they had

the only good site for a town in that vicinity, they declared that the railroad could not help itself.

Dr. Webb smiled pleasantly, and not without compassion. "Look out for yourselves," said he, as he took his

And within sight of Rome he located a new town. The citizens of Rome were given to understand that the

railroad shops would be built at the new settlement, and that there was really nothing to prevent it becoming

Rome became a wilderness. Its citizens stampeded to the new town, and Mr. Rose and Will revised their

Meantime, the home in Leavenworth had been gladdened by the birth of a little daughter, whom her father

named Arta. As it was impossible for Will to return for some months, it was planned that the mother, the

baby,, and I should make a visit to the St. Louis home. This was accomplished safely; and while the

grandparents were enraptured with the baby, I was enjoying the delight of a first visit to a large city.

While the new town of Rome was regarded as an assured success by Will, he had journeyed to St. Louis after

his wife and little one. They proceeded with him to the cozy cabin home he had fitted up, while I went back

After the fall of Rome the little frontier home was no longer the desirable residence that Will's dreams had

pictured it, and as Rome passed into oblivion the little family returned to St. Louis.

IN frontier days a man had but to ask for work to get it. There was enough and to spare for every one. The

work that paid best was the kind that suited Will, it mattered not how hard or dangerous it might be.

At the time Rome fell, the work on the Kansas Pacific Railroad was pushing forward at a rapid rate, and the

junior member of the once prosperous firm of Rose Cody saw a new field of activity open for him that of

buffalohunting. Twelve hundred men were employed on the railroad construction, and Goddard Brothers,

who had undertaken to board the vast crew, were hard pressed to obtain fresh meat. To supply this

indispensable, buffalohunters were employed, and as Will was known to be an expert buffaloslayer,

Goddard Brothers were glad to add him to their "commissary staff." His contract with them called for en

average of twelve buffaloes daily, for which he was to receive five hundred dollars a month. It was "good

pay," the desired feature, but the work was hard and hazardous. He must first scour the country for his game,

with a good prospect always of finding Indians instead of buffalo; then, when the game was shot, he must

oversee its cutting and dressing, and look after the wagons that transported it to the camp where the workmen

messed. It was while working under this contract that he acquired the sobriquet of "Buffalo Bill." It clung to

him ever after, and he wore it with more pride than he would have done the title of prince or grand duke.

At the outset he procured a trained buffalohunting horse, which went by the unconventional name of

"Brigham," and from the government he obtained an improved breechloading needlegun, which, in

Buffaloes were usually plentiful enough, but there were times when the camp supply of meat ran short.

During one of these dull spells, when the company was pressed for horses, Brigham was hitched to a scraper.

One can imagine his indignation. A racer dragging a streetcar would have no more just cause for rebellion

than a buffalohunter tied to a work implement in the company of stupid horses that never had a thought

above a plow, a hayrake, or a scraper. Brigham expostulated, and in such plain language, that Will,

laughing, was on the point of unhitching him, when a cry went upthe equivalent of a whaler's "There she

Brigham and the scraper parted company instantly, and Will mounted him bareback, the saddle being at the

camp, a mile away. Shouting an order to the men to follow him with a wagon to take back the meat, he

There were other hunters that day. Five officers rode out from the neighboring fort, and joined Will while

waiting for the buffaloes to come up. They were recent arrivals in that part of the country, and their

shoulderstraps indicated that one was a captain and the others were lieutenants. They did not know "Buffalo

Bill." They saw nothing but a goodlooking young fellow, in the dress of a working man, astride a not

handsome horse, which had a blind bridle and no saddle. It was not a formidablelooking hunting outfit, and

The officer ran a critical eye over Brigham. "Do you expect to run down a buffalo with a horse like that?"

"Does it?" said Will; and the officer did not see the twinkle in his eye. Nothing amuses a man more than to be

instructed on a matter that he knows thoroughly, and concerning which his instructor knows nothing.

"Come along with us," offered the captain, graciously. "We're going to kill a few for sport, and all we care for

There were eleven buffaloes in the herd, and the officers started after them as if they had a sure thing on the

entire number. Will noticed that the game was pointed toward a creek, and understanding "the nature of the

As the herd went past him, with the military quintet five hundred yards in the rear, he gave Brigham's blind

bridle a twitch, and in a few jumps the trained hunter was at the side of the rear buffalo; Lucretia Borgia

spoke, and the buffalo fell dead. Without even a bridle signal, Brigham was promptly at the side of the next

buffalo, not ten feet away, and this, too, fell at the first shot. The maneuver was repeated until the last buffalo

went down. Twelve shots had been fired; then Brigham, who never wasted his strength, stopped. The officers

had not had even a shot at the game. Astonishment was written on their faces as they rode up.

"Gentlemen," said Will, courteously, as he dismounted, "allow me to present you with eleven tongues and as

"By Jove!" exclaimed the captain, "I never saw anything like that before. Who are you, anyway?"

"Well, Bill Cody, you know how to kill buffalo, and that horse of yours has some good running points, after

Captain Grahamas his name proved to beand his companions were a trifle sore over missing even the

opportunity of a shot, but they professed to be more than repaid for their disappointment by witnessing a feat

they had not supposed possible in a white man hunting buffalo without a saddle, bridle, or reins. Will

explained that Brigham knew more about the business than most twolegged hunters. All the rider was

expected to do was to shoot the buffalo. If the first shot failed, Brigham allowed another; if this, too, failed,

Brigham lost patience, and was as likely as not to drop the matter then and there.

It was this episode that fastened the name of "Buffalo Bill" upon Will, and learning of it, the friends of Billy

Comstock, chief of scouts at Fort Wallace, filed a protest. Comstock, they said, was Cody's superior as a

buffalo hunter. So a match was arranged to determine whether it should be "Buffalo Bill" Cody or "Buffalo

The huntingground was fixed near Sheridan, Kansas, and quite a crowd of spectators was attracted by the

news of the contest. Officers, soldiers, plainsmen, and railroadmen took a day off to see the sport, and one

excursion party, including many ladies, among them Louise, came up from St. Louis.

Referees were appointed to follow each man and keep a tally of the buffaloes slain. Comstock was mounted

on his favorite horse, and carried a Henry rifle of large caliber. Brigham and Lucretia went with Will. The

two hunters rode side by side until the first herd was sighted and the word given, when off they dashed to the

attack, separating to the right and left. In this first trial Will killed thirtyeight and Comstock twentythree.

They had ridden miles, and the carcasses of the dead buffaloes were strung all over the prairie. Luncheon was

served at noon, and scarcely was it over when another herd was sighted, composed mainly of cows with their

In those days the prairies were alive with buffaloes, and a third herd put in an appearance before the

riflebarrels were cooled. In order to give Brigham a share of the glory, Will pulled off saddle and bridle, and

That closed the contest. Score, sixtynine to fortyeight. Comstock's friends surrendered, and Cody was

The heads of the buffaloes that fell in this hunt were mounted by the Kansas Pacific Company, and

distributed about the country, as advertisements of the region the new road was traversing. Meanwhile, Will

continued hunting for the Kansas Pacific contractors, and during the year and a half that he supplied them

with fresh meat he killed four thousand two hundred and eighty buffaloes. But when the railroad reached

Sheridan it was decided to build no farther at that time, and Will was obliged to look for other work.

The Indians had again become so troublesome that a general war threatened all along the border, and General

P. H. Sheridan came West to personally direct operations. He took up his quarters at Fort Leavenworth, but

the Indian depredations becoming more widespread, he transferred his quarters to Fort Hayes, then the

terminus of the Kansas Pacific Railroad. Will was then in the employ of the quartermaster's department at

Fort Larned, but was sent with an important dispatch to General Sheridan announcing that the Indians near

Larned were preparing to decamp. The distance between Larned and Hayes was sixtyfive miles, through a

section infested with Indians, but Will tackled it, and reached the commanding General without mishap.

Shortly afterward it became necessary to send dispatches from Fort Hayes to Fort Dodge. Ninetyfive miles

of country lay between, and every mile of it was dangerous ground. Fort Dodge was surrounded by Indians,

and three scouts had lately been killed while trying to get dispatches through, but Will's confidence in himself

or his destiny was unshakable, and he volunteered to take the dispatches, as far, at least, as the Indians would

"It is a dangerous undertaking," said General Sheridan, "but it is most important that the dispatches should go

through; so, if you are willing to risk it, take the best horse you can find, and the sooner you start the better."

Within an hour the scout was in the saddle. At the outset Will permitted his horse to set his own pace, for in

case of pursuit he should want the animal fresh enough to at least hold his own. But no pursuit materialized,

and when the dawn came up he had covered seventy miles, and reached a station on Coon Creek, manned by

colored troops. Here he delivered a letter to Major Cox, the officer in command, and after eating breakfast,

Fort Dodge was reached, the dispatches delivered by nine o'clock, and Will turned in for a needed sleep.

When he awoke, he was assured by John Austin, chief of the scouts at Dodge, that his coming through

unharmed from Fort Hayes was little short of a miracle. He was also assured that a journey to his own

headquarters, Fort Larned, would be even more ticklish than his late ride, as the hostiles were especially thick

in that direction. But the officer in command at Dodge desired to send dispatches to Larned, and as none of

"Larned's my headquarters," said he, "and I must go there anyway; so if you'll give me a good horse, I'll take

"We haven't a decent horse left," said the officer; "but you can take your pick of some fine government

Will made a gesture of despair. Another race on muleback with Indians was not an inviting prospect. There

were very few mules like unto his quondam mousecolored mount. But he succumbed to the inevitable,

picked out the most enterprising looking mule in the bunch, and set forth. And neither he nor the mule

At Coon Creek Will dismounted for a drink of water, and the mule embraced the opportunity to pull away,

and start alone on the wagontrail to Larned. Will did not suspect that he should have any trouble in

overtaking the capricious beast, but at the end of a mile he was somewhat concerned. He had threatened and

entreated, raged and cajoled. 'Twas all wasted. The mule was as deaf to prayer as to objurgation. It browsed

contentedly along the even tenor of its way, so near and yet so far from the young man, who, like "panting

What the poet calls "the golden exhalations of the dawn" began to warm the gray of the plain. The sun was in

the roots of the grass. Four miles away the lights of Larned twinkled. The only blot on a fair landscape was

the mulein the middle distance. But there was a wicked gleam in the eye of the footsore young man in the

Boom! The sunrise gun at the fort. The mule threw back its head, waved its ears, and poured forth a song of

Crack! Will's rifle. Down went the mule. It had made the fatal mistake of gloating over its villainy. Never

It had been a thirtyfivemile walk, and every bone in Will's body ached. His shot alarmed the garrison, but

he was soon on the ground with the explanation; and after turning over his dispatches, he sought his bed.

During the day General Hazen returned, under escort, from Fort Harker, with dispatches for Sheridan, and

Will offered to be the bearer of them. An army mule was suggested, but he declined to again put his life in

the keeping of such an animal. A good horse was selected, and the journey made without incident.

General Sheridan was roused at daylight to receive the scout's report and praised Will warmly for having

"In all," says General Sheridan, in his Memoirs, "Cody rode three hundred and fifty miles in less than sixty

hours, and such an exhibition of endurance and courage was more than enough to convince me that his

services would be extremely valuable in the campaign; so I retained him at Fort Hayes until the battalion of

WITHIN plain view of Fort Larned lay a large camp of Kiowas and Comanches. They were not yet bedaubed

with war paint, but they were as restless as panthers in a cage, and it was only a matter of days when they

The principal chief of the Kiowas was Satanta, a powerful and resourceful warrior, who, because of

remarkable talents for speechmaking, was called "The Orator of the Plains." Satanta was short and

bulletheaded. Hatred for the whites swelled every square inch of his breast, but he had the deep cunning of

his people, with some especially fine points of treachery learned from dealings with dishonest agents and

traders. There probably never was an Indian so depraved that he could not be corrupted further by association

When the Kiowas were friendly with the government, Satanta received a guest with all the magnificence the

tribe afforded. A carpet was spread for the white man to sit upon, and a folding board was set up for a table.

Individually, too, Satanta put on a great deal of style. Had the opportunity come to him, he would have worn

a silk hat with a sackcoat, or a dress suit in the afternoon. As it was, he produced some startling effects with

It was part of General Hazen's mission to Fort Larned to patch up a treaty with the outraged Kiowas and

Comanches, if it could be brought about. On one warm August morning, the general set out for Fort Zarah, on

a tour of inspection. Zarah was on the Arkansas, in what is now Barton County, Kansas. An early start was

made, as it was desired to cover the thirty miles by noon. The general rode in a fourmule army ambulance,

After dinner at Zarah the general went on to Fort Harker, leaving orders for the scout and soldiers to return to

Larned on the following day. But as there was nothing to do at Fort Zarah, Will determined to return at once;

The first half of the journey was without incident, but when Pawnee Rock was reached, events began to

crowd one another. Some forty Indians rode out from behind the rock and surrounded the scout.

"How? How?" they cried, as they drew near, and offered their hands for the white man's salutation.

The braves were in war paint, and intended mischief; but there was nothing to be lost by returning their

One warrior seized it and gave it a violent jerk; another caught the mule's bridle; a third pulled the revolvers

from the holsters; a fourth snatched the rifle from across the saddle; while a fifth, for a climax, dealt Will a

Then the band started for the Arkansas River, lashing the mule, singing, yelling, and whooping. For one

supposed to be stolid and taciturn, the Indian makes a good deal of noise at times.

Across the river was a vast throng of warriors, who had finally decided to go on the warpath. Will and his

captors forded the shallow stream, and the prisoner was conducted before the chiefs of the tribe, with some of

His head throbbed from the tomahawking, but his wits were still in working order, and when asked by

Satanta where he had been, he replied that he had been out searching for "whoahaws."

He knew that the Indians had been promised a herd of "whoahaws," as they termed cattle, and he knew, too,

that the herd had not arrived, and that the Indians had been out of meat for several weeks; hence he hoped to

He succeeded. Satanta was vastly interested. Where were the cattle? Oh, a few miles back. Will had been sent

forward to notify the Indians that an army of sirloin steaks was advancing upon them.

Satanta was much pleased, and the other chiefs were likewise interested. Did General Hazen say the cattle

Not a chance; and with becoming dignity Will demanded a reason for the rough treatment he had received.

Oh, that was all a joke, Satanta explained. The Indians who had captured the white chief were young and

frisky. They wished to see whether he was brave. They were simply testing him. It was sportjust a joke.

Will did not offer to argue the matter. No doubt an excellent test of a man's courage is to hit him over the

head with a tomahawk. If he lives through it, he is brave as Agamemnon. But Will insisted mildly that it was

a rough way to treat friends; whereupon Satanta read the riot act to his highspirited young men, and bade

The next question was, were there soldiers with the cattle? Certainly, replied Will; a large party of soldiers

were escorting the succulent sirloins. This intelligence necessitated another consultation. Evidently hostilities

must be postponed until after the cattle had arrived. Would Will drive the cattle to them? He would be

delighted to. Did he desire that the chief's young men should accompany him? No, indeed. The soldiers, also,

were highspirited, and they might test the bravery of the chief's young men by shooting large holes in them.

Satanta agreed with him, and Will recrossed the river without molestation; but, glancing over his shoulder, he

noted a party of ten or fifteen young braves slowly following him. Satanta was an extremely cautious

Will rode leisurely up the gentle slope of the river's bank, but when he had put the ridge between him and the

Indian camp he pointed his mule westward, toward Fort Larned, and set it going at its best pace. When the

Indians reached the top of the ridge, from where they could scan the valley, in which the advancing cattle

were supposed to be, there was not a horn to be seen, and the scout was flying in an opposite direction.

They gave chase, but the mule had a good start, and when it got its second windalways necessary in a

mulethe Indian ponies gained but slowly. When Ash Creek, six miles from Larned, was reached, the race

was about even, but two miles farther on, the Indians were uncomfortably close behind. The sunset gun at the

fort boomed a cynical welcome to the man four miles away, flying toward it for his life.

At Pawnee Fork, two miles from the fort, the Indians had crept up to within five hundred yards. But here, on

the farther bank of the stream, Will came upon a government wagon containing half a dozen soldiers and

The team was driven among the trees, and the men hid themselves in the bushes, and when the Indians came

along they were warmly received. Two of the reds were killed; the others wheeled and rode back in safety.

In 1868 General Sheridan had taken command of all the troops in the field. He arranged what is known as the

winter expeditions against the Kiowas, Comanches, Southern Cheyennes, and Arapahoes. He personally

commanded the expedition which left Fort Dodge, with General Custer as chief of cavalry. General Penrose

started for Fort Lyon, Colorado, and General Eugene A. Carr was ordered from the Republican River

country, with the Fifth Cavalry, to Fort Wallace, Kansas. Will at this time had a company of forty scouts with

General Carr's command. He was ordered by General Sheridan, when leaving Fort Lyon, to follow the trail of

General Penrose's command until it was overtaken. General Carr was to proceed to Fort Lyon, and follow on

the trail of General Penrose, who had started from there three weeks before, when, as Carr ranked Penrose, he

would then take command of both expeditions. It was the 21st of November when Carr's expedition left Fort

Lyon. The second day out they encountered a terrible snowstorm and blizzard in a place they christened

"Freeze Out Canon," by which name it is still known. As Penrose had only a packtrain and no heavy

wagons, and the ground was covered with snow, it was a very difficult matter to follow his trail. But taking

his general course, they finally came up with him on the south fork of the Canadian River, where they found

him and his soldiers in a sorry plight, subsisting wholly on buffalomeat. Their animals had all frozen to

General Carr made what is known as a supply camp, leaving Penrose's command and some of his own

disabled stock therein. Taking with him the Fifth Cavalry and the best horses and packmules, he started

south toward the main fork of the Canadian River, looking for the Indians. He was gone from the supply

camp thirty days, but could not locate the main band of Indians, as they were farther to the east, where

General Sheridan had located them, and had sent General Custer in to fight them, which he did, in what is

In the spring of 1869, the Fifth Cavalry, ordered to the Department of the Platte, took up the line of march for

It was a large command, including seventysix wagons for stores, ambulance wagons, and packmules.

Those chief in authority were Colonel Royal (afterward superseded by General Carr), Major Brown, and

The average distance covered daily was only ten miles, and when the troops reached the Solomon River there

"All right, sir," said Will. "Will you send a couple of wagons along to fetch in the meat?"

"We'll send for the game, Cody, when there's some game to send for," curtly replied the colonel.

That settled the matter, surely, and Will rode away, a trifle ruffled in temper.

He was not long in rounding up a herd of seven buffaloes, and he headed them straight for camp. As he drew

near the lines, he rode alongside his game, and brought down one after another, until only an old bull

The charge of the buffaloes had nearly stampeded the picketed horses, and Colonel Royal, who, with the

"Why," said Will, "I thought, sir, I'd save you the trouble of sending after the game."

The colonel smiled, though perhaps the other officers enjoyed the joke more than he.

At the north fork of the Beaver, Will discovered a large and fresh Indian trail. The tracks were scattered all

over the valley, showing that a large village had recently passed that way. Will estimated that at least four

hundred lodges were represented; that would mean from twentyfive hundred to three thousand warriors,

When General Carr (who had taken the command) got the news, he followed down a ravine to Beaver Creek,

and here the regiment went into camp. Lieutenant Ward and a dozen men were detailed to accompany Will

on a reconnoissance. They followed Beaver Creek for twelve miles, and then the lieutenant and the scout

climbed a knoll for a survey of the country. One glance took in a large Indian village some three miles

distant. Thousands of ponies were picketed out, and small bands of warriors were seen returning from the

When they rejoined the men at the foot of the hill, Ward dispatched a courier to General Carr, the purpose of

the lieutenant being to follow slowly and meet the troops which he knew would be sent forward.

The courier rode away at a gallop, but in a few moments came riding back, with three Indians at his horse's

heels. The little company charged the warriors, who turned and fled for the village.

"Lieutenant," said Will, "give me that note." And as it was passed over, he clapped spurs to his horse and

He had proceeded but a short distance when he came upon another party of Indians, returning to the village

with buffalomeat. Without stopping, he fired a longrange shot at them, and while they hesitated, puzzled

by the action, he galloped past. The warriors were not long in recovering from their surprise, and cutting

loose their meat, followed; but their ponies were tired from a long hunt, and Will's fresh horse ran away from

When General Carr received the lieutenant's dispatch, he ordered the bugler to sound the inspiring "Boots and

Saddles," and, while two companies remained to guard the wagons, the rest of the troops hastened against the

Three miles out they were joined by Lieutenant Ward's company, and five miles more brought them within

sight of a huge mass of mounted Indians advancing up the creek. These warriors were covering the retreat of

General Carr ordered a charge on the red line. If it were broken, the cavalry was to continue, and surround the

village. The movement was successfully executed, but one officer misunderstood the order, and, charging on

the left wing of the hostiles, was speedily hemmed in by some three hundred redskins. Reinforcements were

dispatched to his relief, but the plan of battle was spoiled, and the remainder of the afternoon was spent in

contesting the ground with the Indians, who fought for their lodges, squaws, and children with desperate and

dogged courage. When night came on, the wagontrains, which had been ordered to follow, had not put in an

appearance, and, though the regiment went back to look for them, it was nine o'clock before they were

Camp was broken at daybreak, and the pursuit began, but not an Indian was in sight. All the day the trail was

followed. There was evidence that the Indians had abandoned everything that might hinder their flight. That

night the regiment camped on the banks of the Republican, and the next morning caught a distant glimpse of

About eleven o'clock a charge was made by three hundred mounted warriors, but they were repulsed with

considerable loss, and when they discovered that defeat was certain, they evaded further pursuit by breaking

up into companies and scattering to all points of the compass. A large number of ponies were collected as

IN due time the Fifth Cavalry reached Fort McPherson, which became its headquarters while they were

fitting out a new expedition to go into the Republican River country. At this time General Carr recommended

to General Augur, who was in command of the Department, that Will be made chief of scouts in the

Will's fancy had been so taken by the scenery along the line of march that he proceeded to explore the

country around McPherson, the result being a determination to make his future home in the Platte Valley.

Shortly after reaching the fort, the scouts' division of the Fifth Cavalry was reinforced by Major Frank North

and three companies of the celebrated Pawnee scouts. These became the most interesting and amusing objects

in camp, partly on account of their race, but mainly because of the bizarre dress fashions they affected. My

brother, in his autobiography, describes the appearance presented by these scouts during a review of the

The regiment made a fine showing, the men being well drilled and thoroughly versed in tactics. The Pawnees

also showed up well on drill, but their full dress uniforms were calculated to excite even the army horses to

laughter. Regular cavalry suits had been furnished them, but no two of the Pawnees seemed to agree as to the

correct manner in which the various articles should be worn. As they lined up for dress parade, some of them

wore heavy overcoats, others discarded even pantaloons, content with a breechclout. Some wore large black

hats, with brass accouterments, others were bareheaded. Many wore the pantaloons, but declined the shirts,

while a few of the more original cut the seats from the pantaloons, leaving only leggings. Half of them were

They were a quaint and curious lot, but drilled remarkably well for Indians, and obeyed orders. They were

devoted to their white chief, Major North, who spoke Pawnee like a native, and they were very proud of their

position in the United States army. Good soldiers they made, toohard riders, crack shots, and desperate

At the close of the parade and review referred to, the officers and the ladies attended an Indian dance, given

The following morning an expedition moved back to the Republican River, to curb the high spirits of a band

of Sioux, who had grown boldly troublesome. This was the sort of service the Pawnees welcomed, as they

At the journey's end, camp was made at the mouth of the Beaver, and the Sioux were heard from within the

hour. A party of them raided the mules that had been taken to the river, and the alarm was given by a herder,

Will did not wait to saddle his horse, but the Pawnees were as quick as he, and both of them rather surprised

the Sioux, who did not expect such a swift response. Especially were they surprised to find themselves

confronted by their tribal foe, the Pawnee, and they fell back hastily, closely pressed by Will and his red

allies. A running fight was kept up for fifteen miles, and when many of the Sioux had been stretched upon the

Will himself, on a fine horse, had been somewhat chagrined at being passed in the chase by a Pawnee on an

inferiorlooking steed. Upon inquiring of Major North, he found that the swifter horse was, like his own,

government property. The Pawnee was much attached to his mount, but he was also fond of tobacco, and a

few pieces of that commodity, supplemented by some other articles, induced him to exchange horses. Will

named his new charge "Buckskin Joe," and rode him for four years. Joe proved a worthy successor to

This was the first adventure that Will and the Pawnees had pursued together, and they emerged with an

increased esteem for each other. Not long afterward, Will's skill as a buffalohunter raised the admiration of

Twenty Pawnees that circled around one herd of buffaloes killed only twentytwo, and when the next herd

came in view Will asked Major North to keep the Indians in the background while he showed them a thing or

two. Buckskin Joe was a capital buffalohunter, and so well did he perform his part that Will brought down

The Pawnees were delighted. They held it considerable of an achievement to kill two or three of the

monarchs of the plains at a single run, and Will's feat dazzled them. He was at once pronounced a great chief,

Moving up the Republican River, the troops went into camp on Black Tail Deer Fork. Scarcely were the tents

pitched when a band of Indians were seen sweeping toward them at full speed, singing, yelling, and waving

lances. The camp was alive in an instant, but the Pawnees, instead of preparing for defense, began to sing and

yell in unison with the advancing braves. "Those are some of our own Indians," said Major North; "they've

And so it proved. The Pawnees reported a skirmish with the Sioux, in which a few of the latter had been

The next day the regiment set forth upon the trail of the Sioux. They traveled rapidly, and plainly gained

At every camp the print of a woman's shoe was noted among the tracks of moccasined feet. The band

evidently had a white captive in tow, and General Carr, selecting the best horses, ordered a forced march, the

wagontrains to follow as rapidly as possible. Will, with six Pawnees, was to go ahead and locate the

hostiles, and send back word, so that a plan of attack might be arranged before the Indian village was

This village the scouts discovered among the sandhills at Summit Springs, a few miles from the South Platte

River; and while the Pawnees remained to watch, Will returned to General Carr with the news.

There was suppressed excitement all along the line, as officers and men prepared for what promised to be a

lively scrimmage. The troops moved forward by a circuitous route, and reached a hill overlooking the hostile

The bugler was ordered to sound the charge, but he was trembling with excitement, and unable to blow a

"Sound the charge, man!" ordered General Carr a second time; but the unhappy wight could scarcely hold his

horn, much less blow it. Quartermaster Hays snatched the instrument from the flustered man's hands, and as

Taken wholly by surprise, the Indian village went to pieces in a twinkling. A few of the Sioux mounted and

rode forward to repel the assault, but they turned back in half a minute, while those that were not mounted

scattered for the foothills hard by. The cavalry swept through the village like a prairie fire, and pursued the

By the next morning the bugler had grown calm enough to sound "Boots and Saddles!" and General Carr split

his force into companies, as it was discovered that the Indians had divided. Each company was to follow a

Will made one of a band of two hundred, and for two days they dogged the red man's footsteps. At sunrise of

the third day the trail ran into another, showing that the Sioux had reunited their forces. This was serious for

the little company of regulars, but they went ahead, eager for a meeting with the savages.

They had not long to wait. The sun was scarcely an hour high when some six hundred Sioux were espied

riding in close ranks along the bank of the Platte. The Indians discovered the troops at the same moment, and

at once gave battle. The Indian is not a coward, though he frequently declines combat if the odds are not

In this engagement the Sioux outnumbered the soldiers three to one, and the latter fell back slowly until they

reached a ravine. Here they tethered their horses and waited the course of Indian events, which, as usual,

came in circular form. The Sioux surrounded the regulars, and finding them comparatively few in number,

But bows and arrows are futile against powder and ball, and the warriors reeled back from a scathing fire,

Another charge, another repulse; and then a council of war. This lasted an hour, and evidently evolved a

brilliant stratagem, for the Sioux divided into two bands, and while one made a show of withdrawing, the

At a point in this revolving belt of redskins rode a wellmounted, handsome warrior, plainly a chief. It had

been Will's experience that to lay low a chief was half the battle when fighting Indians, but this particular

mogul kept just out of rifleshot. There are, however, as many ways of killing an Indian as of killing a cat; so

Will crawled on hands and knees along the ravine to a point which he thought would be within range of the

The calculation was close enough, and when the warrior came loping along, slacking his pace to cross the

It was a good four hundred yards, but the warrior pitched from his seat, and his pony ran down the ravine into

the ranks of the soldiers, who were so elated over the success of the shot that they voted the animal to Will as

The fallen warrior was Tall Bull, one of the ablest chiefs the Sioux ever had. His death so disheartened his

A union of General Carr's scattered forces followed, and a few days later an engagement took place in which

three hundred warriors and a large number of ponies were captured. Some white captives were released, and

Among these latter was the amiable widow of Tall Bull, who, far from cherishing animosity against Will as

the slayer of her spouse, took pride in the fact that he had fallen under the fire of so great a warrior as

"Pahaska," Longhaired Chief, by which name our scout was known among the Indians.

IN the spring of 1870 Will proceeded to put into effect the determination of the previous yearto establish a

home in the lovely country of the westerly Platte. After preparing quarters wherein his family might be

comfortable, he obtained a leave of absence and departed for St. Louis to fetch his wife and daughter Arta,

The fame of "Buffalo Bill" had extended far beyond the plains, and during his month's sojourn in St. Louis he

was the object of a great deal of attention. When the family prepared to depart for the frontier home, my

sisterinlaw wrote to me to ask if I did not wish to accompany them. I should have been delighted to accept

the invitation, but at that especial time there were strong attractions for me in my childhood's home; besides, I

felt that sister May, who had not enjoyed the pleasure of the St. Louis trip, was entitled to the Western jaunt.

So May made a visit to McPherson, and a delightful time she had, though she was at first inclined to quarrel

with the severe discipline of army life. Will ranked with the officers, and as a result May's social companions

were limited to the two daughters of General Augur, who were also on a visit to the fort. To compensate for

the shortage of feminine society, however, there were a number of young unmarried officers.

Every day had its curious or enlivening incident, and May's letters to me were filled with accounts of the

gayety of life at an army post. After several months I was invited to join her. She was enthusiastic over a

proposed buffalohunt, as she desired to take part in one before her return to Leavenworth, and wished me to

In accepting the invitation I fixed a certain day for my arrival at McPherson, but I was delayed in my journey,

and did not reach the fort until three days after the date set. May was much disturbed. She had allowed me

three days for recuperation from the journey, and I had arrived on the eve of the buffalohunt. Naturally, I

was too fatigued to rave over buffaloes, and I objected to joining the hunt; and I was encouraged in my

"Why," said she, "we can never tell when he will be in camp and when away; he's off scouting nearly all the

time. And we can't get up a buffalohunt on five minutes' notice; we must plan ahead. Our party is all ready

to start, and there's a reporter here from an Omaha paper to write it up. We can't put it off, and you must go."

After that, of course, there was nothing more to be said, and when the huntingparty set forth I made one of

A gay party it was. For men, there were a number of officers, and the newspaper man, Dr. Frank Powell, now

of La Crosser for women, the wives of two of the officers, the daughters of General Augur, May, and myself.

There was sunshine, laughter, and incessant chatter, and when one is young and fond of horsebackriding,

and a handsome young officer rides by one's side, physical fatigue is apt to vanish for a time.

The fort was soon nothing but a break in the skyline, and with a sense almost of awe I looked for the first

time upon the great American Desert. To our left, as we rode eastward, ran the swift and shallow Platte,

dotted with greengarbed islands. This river Washington Irving called "the most magnificent and the most

useless of streams" "The islands," he wrote, "have the appearance of a labyrinth of groves floating on the

waters. Their extraordinary position gives an air of youth and loveliness to the whole scene. If to this be

added the undulations of the river, the waving of the verdure, the alternations of light and shade, and the

purity of the atmosphere, some idea may be formed of the pleasing sensations which the traveler experiences

on beholding a scene that seems to have started fresh from the hands of the Creator."

In sharp contrast was the sandy plain over which we rode. On this grew the short, stubby buffalograss, the

dustcolored sagebrush, and cactus in rank profusion. Over to the right, perhaps a mile away, a long range

of foothills ran down to the horizon, with here and there the great canons, through which entrance was

effected to the upland country, each canon bearing a historical or legendary name.

To my eyes the picture was as beautiful as it was novel. As far as one could see there was no sign of human

habitation. It was one vast, untenanted waste, with the touch of infinity the ocean wears.

As we began to get into the foothills, one of our equestriennes narrowly escaped a fall. Her horse dropped a

foot into a prairiedog's hole, and came to an abrupt stop. The foot was extricated, and I was instructed in the

The trail had been ascending at a gentle grade, and we had a slight change of scenedesert hill instead of

desert plain. The sandhills rose in tiers before us, and I was informed that they were formed ages ago by the

action of water. What was hard, dry ground to our horses' hoofs was once the bottom of the sea.

I was much interested in the geology of my environments; much more so than I should have been had I been

told that those strange, weird hills were the haunt of the red man, who was on the warpath, and looking

constantly for scalps. But these unpleasant facts were not touched upon by the officers, and in blissful

We were obliged to ride a great distance before we sighted any game, and after twenty miles had been gone

over, my temporarily forgotten weariness began to reassert itself. Dr. Powell proposed that the ladies should

do the shooting, but my interest in the hunt had waned. It had been several years since I had ridden a horse,

and after the first few miles I was not in a suitable frame of mind or body to enjoy the most exciting hunt.

A herd of buffaloes finally came into view, and the party was instantly alive. One old bull was a little apart

from the others of the herd, and was singled out for the first attack. As we drew within range, a rifle was

given to May, with explicit directions as to its handling. The buffalo has but one vulnerable spot, and it is

next to impossible for a novice to make a fatal shot. May fired, and perhaps her shot might be called a good

one, for the animal was struck: but it was only wounded and infuriated, and dropping its shaggy head, it

rushed toward us. The officers fusilladed the mountain of flesh, succeeding only in rousing it to added fury.

Another rifle was handed to May, and Dr. Powell directed its aim; but terrified by the near presence of the

Although this is strictly a narrative of facts, exercising the privilege of the novelist, we leave our present

Will returned from his scouting trip shortly after the departure of the hunting party, and his first query was:

"Come and gone," replied his wife; and she informed him of the manner in which I had been carried off on

the longtalkedof buffalohunt. Whereupon Will gave way to one of his rare fits of passion. The scouting

trip had been long and arduous, he was tired and hungry, but also keenly anxious for our safety. He knew

what we were ignorant of that should we come clear of the not insignificant dangers attendant upon a

"I must go after them at once," said he; and off he went, without thought of rest or food. He did take time,

however, to visit the officers' quarters and pour a vial of wrath upon the bewildered head of the inferior who

"Didn't you know," cried Will, "that my continued absence meant danger in the air? Fine idea, to let a party

of ladies go beyond the fort on such a foolhardy expedition before I had assured you it was safe to do so!

Understand, if any harm comes to my sisters, I'll hold the government responsible!"

With which tremendous threat he mounted the swiftest horse in camp and rode away before the astonished

He was able to track us over the sandhills, and reached us, in accepted hero fashion, in the very nick of time.

The maddened bull buffalo was charging on May, unchecked by a peppering fire from the guns of the

officers. All hands were so absorbed by the intense excitement of the moment that the sound of approaching

hoofbeats was unnoted. But I heard, from behind us, the crack of a rifle, and saw the buffalo fall dead

The illhumor of our rescuer dampened the ardor of the welcome we gave him. The long ride on an empty

stomach had not smoothed a ripple of his ruffled temper, and we were all properly lectured. We were ordered

back to the fort at once, and the command was of such a nature that no one thought of disputing it. The only

question was, whether we could make the fort before being cut off by Indians. There was no time to be

wasted, even in cutting meat from the tongue of the fallen buffalo. Will showed us the shortest cut for home,

For my part, I was so worn out that I would as soon be captured by Indians, if they would agree to provide me

with a wigwam wherein I might lie down and rest; but no Indians appeared. Five miles from the fort was the

ranch of a wealthy bachelor, and at May's request a halt was here called. It was thought that the owner of the

ranch might take pity upon my deplorable condition, and provide some sort of vehicle to convey the ladies

We were heartily welcomed, and our bachelor host made us extremely comfortable in his cozy apartments,

while he ordered supper for the party. Will considered that we were within the safety zone, so he continued

on to the fort to obtain his postponed rest; and after supper the ladies rode to the fort in a carriage.

The next day's Omaha paper contained an account of the hunt from Dr. Powell's graphic pen, and in it May

Cody received all the glory of the shot that laid the buffalo low. Newspaper men are usually ready to sacrifice

At this time the fort was somewhat concerned over numerous petty crimes among the civilians, and General

Emory, now chief in authority at the post, requested the county commissioners to appoint Will a justice of the

peace. This was done, much to the dismay of the new Justice, who, as he phrased it, "knew no more of law

than a mule knows of singing." But he was compelled to bear the blushing honors thrust upon him, and his

Almost the first thing he was called upon to do in his new capacity was to perform a wedding ceremony. Cold

sweat stood upon his brow as he implored our aid in this desperate emergency. The big law book with which

he had been equipped at his installation was ransacked in vain for the needed information. The Bible was

examined more diligently, perhaps, than it had ever been by him before, but the Good Book was as

unresponsive as the legal tome. "Remember your own wedding ceremony," was our advice "Follow that as

nearly as possible." But he shook his head despondently The coolheaded scout and Indian fighter was

To put an edge on the crisis, nearly the entire fort attended the wedding. All is well, said we, as we watched

the justice take his place before the bridal pair with not a sign of trepidation. At the outset his conducting of

the ceremony was irreproachable, and we were secretly congratulating ourselves upon his success, when our

Before May returned home, Will became the very proud father of a son. He had now three children, a second

daughter, Orra, having been born two years before. The first boy of the family was the object of the

undivided interest of the post for a time, and names by the dozen were suggested. Major North offered Kit

Carson as an appropriate name for the son of a great scout and buffalohunter, and this was finally settled on.

My first touch of real anxiety came with an order to Will to report at headquarters for assignment to duty. The

country was alive with Indians, the officer in command informed him, and this intelligence filled me with

dread. My sisterinlaw had grown accustomed to her husband's excursions into dangerland, and accepted

such sallies as incidents of his position. Later, I, too, learned this stoical philosophy, but at first my anxiety

"Don't worry," said he; "the Indians won't visit the fort tonight. There's no danger of them scalping you."

"But," said I, "it is for you, not for myself, that I am afraid. It is horrible to think of you going out alone

The fort was on the prairie, but the distant foothills stretched away interminably, and these furnished favorite

lurkingplaces for the redskins. Will drew me to a window, and pointed out the third tier of hills, some

"I would advise you," said he, "to go to bed and sleep, but if you insist on keeping awake and worrying, I will

kindle a blaze on top of that hill at midnight. Watch closely. I can send up only one flash, for there will be

One may imagine with what a beating heart I stared into the darkness when the hour of twelve drew on. The

night was a veil that hid a thousand terrors, but a gauzy veil, to my excited fancy, behind which passed a host

of shadowy horsemen with uptossing lances. How could a man ride alone into such a gloomy, terrorhaunted

domain? The knights of old, who sallied forth in search of dismal ogres and noxious dragons, were not of

Twelve o'clock! The night had a thousand eyes, but they did not pierce the darkness of the foothills.

Ah! A thin ribbon of light curled upward for an instant, then vanished. Will was safe thus far. But there were

many hoursand the darkest before the dawn, and I carried to my bed the larger share of my forebodings.

Next day the scout came home to report the exact location of the hostileSioux. The troops, ready for instant

action, were hurled against them, and the Indians were thoroughly thrashed. A large number of chiefs were

captured, among them "Red Shirt," an interesting redskin, who afterward traveled with the "Wild West."

Captive chiefs were always esteemed of great interest by the ladies of the fort. To me the braves taken in the

last raid were remarkable mainly for economy of apparel and sulkiness of demeanor.

This same fall the fort was visited by a gentleman introduced as Colonel Judson, though the public knows

him better as "Ned Buntline," the storywriter. He desired to accompany the scouts on a certain proposed

trip, and Major Brown informed Will that the ulterior motive of the author was to project Buffalo Bill into a

"Now, I'd look pretty in a novel, wouldn't I?" said Will, sarcastically and blushingly.

"Yes, I think you would," returned the major, eying the other's splendid proportions critically.

Whereupon the scout blushed again, and doffed his sombrero in acknowledgment of the compliment, for

" 'Tis pleasant, sure, to see one's name in print; A book's a book, although there's nothing in't."

A retired naval officer, Ned Buntline wore a black undress military suit. His face was bronzed and rugged,

determined yet kindly; he walked with a slight limp, and carried a cane. He shook Will's hand cordially when

they were introduced, and expressed great pleasure in the meeting. This was the genesis of a friendship

During the scouting expedition that followed, the party chanced upon an enormous bone, which the surgeon

pronounced the femur of a human body. Will understood the Indian tongues well enough to be in part

It was taught by the wise men of this tribe that the earth was originally peopled by giants, who were fully

three times the size of modern men. They were so swift and powerful that they could run alongside a buffalo,

take the animal under one arm, and tear off a leg, and eat it as they ran. So vainglorious were they because of

their own size and strength that they denied the existence of a Creator. When it lightened, they proclaimed

This displeased the Great Spirit, and to rebuke their arrogance he sent a great rain upon the earth. The valleys

filled with water, and the giants retreated to the hills. The water crept up the hills, and the giants sought safety

on the highest mountains. Still the rain continued, the waters rose, and the giants, having no other refuge,

The Great Spirit profited by his former mistake. When the waters subsided, he made a new race of men, but

This tradition has been handed down from Sioux father to Sioux son since earliest ages. It shows, at least, as

the legends of all races do, that the story of the Deluge is history common to all the world.

Another interesting Indian tradition bears evidence of a later origin. The Great Spirit, they say, once formed a

man of clay, and he was placed in the furnace to bake, but he was subjected to the heat too long a time, and

came out burnt. Of him came the negro race. At another trial the Great Spirit feared the second clay man

might also burn, and he was not left in the furnace long enough. Of him came the paleface man. The Great

Spirit was now in a position to do perfect work, and the third clay man was left in the furnace neither too long

nor too short a time; he emerged a masterpiece, the _ne plus ultra_ of creationthe noble red man.

ALTHOUGH the glory of killing the buffalo on our hunt was accredited to sister May, to me the episode

proved of much more moment. In the spring of 1871 I was married to Mr. Jester, the bachelor ranchman at

whose place we had tarried on our hurried return to the fort. His house had a rough exterior, but was

substantial and commodious, and before I entered it, a bride, it was refitted in a style almost luxurious. I

returned to Leavenworth to prepare for the wedding, which took place at the home of an old friend, Thomas

In our home near McPherson we were five miles "in the country." Nature in primitive wildness encompassed

us, but life's song never ran into a monotone. The prairie is never dull when one watches it from day to day

for signs of Indians. Yet we were not especially concerned, as we were near enough to the fort to reach it on

short notice, and besides our home there was another house where the ranchmen lived. With these I had little

to do. My especial factotum was a negro boy, whose chief duty was to saddle my horse and bring it to the

door, attend me upon my rides, and minister to my comfort generally. Poor little chap! He was one of the first

Early one morning John, as he was called, was sent out alone to look after the cattle. During breakfast the

clatter of hoofs was heard, and Will rode up to inform us that the Indians were on the warpath and massed in

force just beyond our ranch. Back of Will were the troops, and we were advised to ride at once to the fort.

Hastily packing a few valuables, we took refuge at McPherson, and remained there until the troops returned

Upon our return to the ranch we found that the cattle had been driven away, and poor little John was picked

up dead on the skirts of the foothills. The redskins had apparently started to scalp him, but had desisted.

Perhaps they thought his wool would not make a desirable trophy, perhaps they were frightened away. At all

events, the poor child's scalp was left to him, though the mark of the knife was plain.

Shortly after this episode, some capitalists from the East visited my husband. One of them, Mr. Bent, owned

a large share in the cattleranches. He desired to visit this ranch, and the whole party planned a hunt at the

same time. As there were no banking facilities on the frontier, drafts or bills of exchange would have been of

no use; so the money designed for Western investment had been brought along in cash. To carry this on the

proposed trip was too great a risk, and I was asked banteringly to act as banker. I consented readily, but

imagine my perturbation when twentyfive thousand dollars in banknotes were counted out and left in my

care. I had never had the responsibility of so large a sum of money before, and compared to me the man with

the elephant on his hands had a tranquil time of it. After considering various methods for secreting the

money, I decided for the hair mattress on my bed. This I ripped open, inserted the envelope containing the

banknotes, and sewed up the slit. No one was aware of my trust, and I regarded it safe.

A few mornings later I ordered my pony and rode away to visit my nearest neighbor, a Mrs. Erickson,

purposing later to ride to the fort and spend the day with Lou, my sisterinlaw. When I reached Mrs.

"You must come right in, Mrs. Jester!" said she. "The foothills are filled with Indians on the warpath."

She handed me her fieldglasses, and directed my gaze to the trail below our ranch, over which buffaloes,

cattle, and Indians passed down to the Platte. I could plainly see the warriors tramping along Indianfile, their

headfeathers waving in the breeze and their blankets flapping about them as they walked. Instantly the

thought of the twentyfive thousand dollars intrusted to my care flashed across my mind.

"You must not do so, Mrs. Jester; it's as much as your life is worth to attempt it," said she.

But I thought only of the money, and notwithstanding warning and entreaty, mounted my horse and flew

back on the homeward path, not even daring to look once toward the foothills. When I reached the house, I

"The Indians are on the warpath, and the foothills are full of them! Have two or three men ready to escort

"But there are," said I. "I saw them as plainly as I see you, and the Ericksons saw them, too."

"You have been the victim of a mirage," said the overseer. "Look! there are no Indians now in view."

I scanned the foothills closely, but there was no sign of a warrior. With my fieldglasses I searched the entire

rim of the horizon; it was tranquillity itself. I experienced a great relief, nevertheless. My nerves were so

shaken that I could not remain at home; so I packed a valise, taking along the package of banknotes, and

visited another neighbor, a Mrs. McDonald, a dear friend of many years' standing, who lived nearer the fort.

This excellent woman was an old resident of the frontier. After she had heard my story, she related some of

her own Indian experiences. When she first settled in her present home, there was no fort to which she could

flee from Indian molestation, and she was often compelled to rely upon her wits to extricate her from

"One evening when I was alone," said Mrs. McDonald, "I became conscious that eyes were peering at me

from the darkness outside my window. Flight was impossible, and my husband would not likely reach home

for an hour or more. What should I do? A happy thought came to me. You know, perhaps, that Indians, for

some reason, have a strange fear of a drunken woman, and will not molest one. I took from a closet a bottle

filled with a darkcolored liquid, poured out a glassful and drank it. In a few minutes I repeated the dose, and

then seemingly it began to take effect. I would try to walk across the room, staggering and nearly falling. I

became uproariously `happy.' I flung my arms above my head, lurched from side to side, sang a maudlin

song, and laughed loudly and foolishly. The stratagem succeeded. One by one the shadowy faces at the

window disappeared, and by the time my husband and the men returned there was not an Indian in the

neighborhood. I became sober immediately. Molasses and water is not a very intoxicating beverage."

I plucked up courage to return to the ranch that evening, and shortly afterward the huntingparty rode up.

When I related the story of my fright, Mr. Bent complimented me upon what he was pleased to call my

"Thank you, but I do not believe you will," said I. "I have had all the experience I wish for in the banking

Upon another occasion Indians were approaching the fort from the farther side, but as we were not regarded

as in danger, no warning was sent to us. The troops sallied out after the redskins, and the cunning warriors

described a circle. To hide their trail they set fire to the prairie, and the hills about us were soon ablaze. The

flames spread swiftly, and the smoke rolled upon us in suffocating volume. We retreated to the river, and

managed to exist by dashing water upon our faces. Here we were found by soldiers sent from the fort to warn

settlers of their peril, and at their suggestion we returned to the ranch, saddled horses, and rode through the

In the preceding chapter mention was made of the finding of a remarkable bone. It became famous, and in the

summer of 1871 Professor Marsh, of Yale College, brought out a party of students to search for fossils. They

found a number, but were not rewarded by anything the most credulous could torture into a human relic.

This summer also witnessed an Indian campaign somewhat out of the common in several of its details. More

than one volume would be required to record all the adventures Scout Cody had with the Children of the

Plains, most of which had so many points in common that it is necessary to touch upon only those containing

An expedition, under command of General Duncan, was fitted out for the Republican River country. Duncan

was a jolly officer and a born fighter. His brother officers had a story that once on a time he had been shot in

the head by a cannonball, and that while he was not hurt a particle, the ball glanced off and killed one of the

Perhaps it was because the Pawnees spoke so little English, and spoke that little so badly, that General

Duncan insisted upon their repeating the English call, which would be something like this: "Post Number

One. Nine o'clock. All's well." The Pawnee effort to obey was so ludicrous, and provocative of such profanity

One afternoon Major North and Will rode ahead of the command to select a site for the night's camp. They

ran into a band of some fifty Indians, and were obliged to take the back track as fast as their horses could

travel. Will's whip was shot from his hand and a hole put through his hat. As they sighted the advanceguard

of the command, Major North rode around in a circlea signal to the Pawnees that hostiles were near.

Instantly the Pawnees broke ranks and dashed pellmell to the relief of their white chief. The hostiles now

The troops took up the trail on the following day, and a stern chase set in. In passing through a deserted camp

the troops found an aged squaw, who had been left to die. The soldiers built a lodge for her, and she was

provided with sufficient rations to last her until she reached the Indian heaven, the happy huntinggrounds.

She was in no haste, however, to get to her destination, and on their return the troops took her to the fort with

In September of 1871 General Sheridan and a party of friends arrived at the post for a grand hunt. Between

him and Will existed a warm friendship, which continued to the close of the general's life. Great preparations

were made for the hunt. General Emory, now commander of the fort, sent a troop of cavalry to meet the

distinguished visitors at the station and escort them to the fort. Besides General Sheridan, there were in the

party Leonard and Lawrence Jerome, Carroll Livingstone, James Gordon Bennett, J. G. Heckscher, General

Fitzhugh, Schuyler Crosby, Dr. Asch, Mr. McCarthy, and other wellknown men. When they reached the

post they found the regiment drawn up on dress parade; the band struck up a martial air, the cavalry were

reviewed by General Sheridan, and the formalities of the occasion were regarded as over.

It was Sheridan's request that Will should act as guide and scout for the huntingparty. One hundred troopers

under Major Brown were detailed as escort, and the commissary department fairly bulged. Several

ambulances were also taken along, for the comfort of those who might weary of the saddle.

Game was abundant, and rare sport was had. Buffalo, elk, and deer were everywhere, and to those of the

party who were new to Western life the prairiedog villages were objects of much interest. These villages are

often of great extent. They are made up of countless burrows, and so honeycombed is the country infested by

the little animals that travel after nightfall is perilous for horses. The dirt is heaped around the entrance to the

burrows a foot high, and here the prairiedogs, who are sociability itself, sit on their hind legs and gossip

with one another. Owls and rattlesnakes share the underground homes with the rightful owners, and all get

When the huntingparty returned to McPherson its members voted Will a veritable Nimroda mighty

hunter, and he was abundantly thanked for his masterly guidance of the expedition.

That winter a still more distinguished party visited the post the Grand Duke Alexis and his friends. As

many of my readers will recall, the nobleman's visit aroused much enthusiasm in this country. The East had

wined and dined him to satiety, but wining and dining are common to all nations, and the Grand Duke desired

to see the wild life of Americathe Indian in his tepee and the prairie monarch in his domain, as well as the

The Grand Duke had hunted big game in Eastern lands, and he was a capital shot. General Sheridan

engineered this expedition also, and, as on the previous occasion, he relied upon Will to make it a success.

The latter received word to select a good camp on Red Willow Creek, where game was plentiful, and to make

all needed arrangements for the comfort and entertainment of the noble party. A special feature suggested by

Sheridan for the amusement and instruction of the continental guests was an Indian wardance and Indian

buffalohunt. To procure this entertainment it was necessary to visit Spotted Tail, chief of the Sioux, and

persuade him to bring over a hundred warriors. At this time there was peace between the Sioux and the

government, and the dance idea was feasible; nevertheless, a visit to the Sioux camp was not without its

dangers. Spotted Tail himself was seemingly sincere in a desire to observe the terms of the ostensible peace

between his people and the authorities, but many of the other Indians would rather have had the scalp of the

Will so timed his trip as to reach the Indian camp at dusk, and hitching his horse in the timber, he wrapped

his blanket closely about him, so that in the gathering darkness he might easily pass for a warrior. Thus

The conference with the distinguished redskin was made smooth sailing by Agent Todd Randall, who

happened to be on hand, and who acted as interpreter. The old chief felt honored by the invitation extended to

him, and readily promised that in "ten sleeps" from that night he, with a hundred warriors, would be present

at the white man's camp, which was to be pitched at the point where the government trail crossed Red Willow

As Spotted Tail did not repose a great amount of confidence in his highspirited young men, he kept Will in

his own lodge through the night. In the morning the chief assembled the camp, and presenting his guest,

Whereupon Spotted Tail informed them that he had eaten bread with the Longhaired Chief, thus

establishing a bond of friendship, against violating which the warriors were properly warned.

After that Will was entirely at his ease, although there were many sullen faces about him. They had long

yearned for his scalp, and it was slightly irritating to find it so near and yet so far.

A SPECIAL train brought the Grand Duke Alexis and party to North Platte on January 12, 1872. Will was

presented to the illustrious visitor by General Sheridan, and was much interested in him. He was also pleased

Will had made all the arrangements, and had everything complete when the train pulled in. As soon as the

Grand Duke and party had breakfasted, they filed out to get their horses or to find seats in the ambulances.

All who were mounted were arranged according to rank. Will had sent one of his guides ahead, while he was

to remain behind to see that nothing was left undone. Just as they were to start, the conductor of the Grand

Duke's train came up to Will and said that Mr. Thompson had not received a horse. "What Thompson?" asked

Will. "Why, Mr. Frank Thompson, who has charge of the Grand Duke's train." Will looked over the list of

names sent him by General Sheridan of those who would require saddlehorses, but failed to find that of Mr.

Thompson. However, he did not wish to have Mr. Thompson or any one else left out. He had following him,

as he always did, his celebrated warhorse, "Buckskin Joe." This horse was not a very prepossessing "insect."

He was buckskin in color, and rather a sorrylooking animal, but he was known all over the frontier as the

greatest longdistance and best buffalohorse living. Will had never allowed any one but himself to ride this

horse, but as he had no other there at the time, he got a saddle and bridle, had it put on old Buckskin Joe, and

told Mr. Thompson he could ride him until he got where he could get him another. This horse looked so

different from the beautiful animals the rest of the party were supplied with that Mr. Thompson thought it

rather discourteous to mount him in such fashion. However, he got on, and Will told him to follow up, as he

wanted to go ahead to where the general was. As Mr. Thompson rode past the wagons and ambulances he

noticed the teamsters pointing at him, and thinking the men were guying him, rode up to one of them, and

said, "Am I not riding this horse all right?" Mr. Thompson felt some personal pride in his horsemanship, as

"Because you are riding that horse. I guess you don't know what horse you are riding, do you? Nobody gets

to ride that horse but Buffalo Bill. So when we all saw you riding him we supposed that of course you were

Thompson had heard General Sheridan telling about Buckskin Joe on the way out, and how Buffalo Bill had

once run him eighty miles when the Indians were after him. Thompson told Will afterward that he grew about

four feet when he found out that he was riding that most celebrated horse of the plains. He at once galloped

ahead to overtake Will and thank him most heartily for allowing him the honor of such a mount. Will told

him that he was going to let the Grand Duke kill his first buffalo on Buckskin Joe. "Well," replied Thompson,

"I want to ask one favor of you. Let me also kill a buffalo on this horse." Will replied that nothing would

afford him greater pleasure. Buckskin Joe was covered with glory on this memorable hunt, as both the Grand

Duke of Russia and Mr. Frank Thompson, later president of the Pennsylvania Railroad, killed their first

buffalo mounted on his back, and my brother ascribes to old Joe the acquisition of Mr. Frank Thompson's

name to his list of life friendships. This hunt was an unqualified success, nothing occurring to mar one day of

Spotted Tail was true to his promise. He and his hundred braves were on hand, shining in the full glory of war

paint and feathers, and the wardance they performed was of extraordinary interest to the Grand Duke and

his friends. The outlandish contortions and grimaces of the Indians, their leaps and crouchings, their fiendish

yells and whoops, made up a barbaric jangle of picture and sound not soon to be forgotten. To the European

visitors the scene was picturesque rather than ghastly, but it was not a pleasing spectacle to the old Indian

fighters looking on. There were too many suggestions of bloodshed and massacre in the past, and of

The Indian buffalohunt followed the Terpsichorean revelry, and all could enjoy the skill and strength

displayed by the red huntsmen. One warrior, TwoLance by name, performed a feat that no other living

Indian could do; he sent an arrow entirely through the body of a bull running at full speed.

General Sheridan desired that the Grand Duke should carry away with him a knowledge of every phase of life

on the frontier, and when the visitors were ready to drive to the railroad station, Will was requested to

illustrate, for their edification, the manner in which a stagecoach and six were driven over the Rocky

Will was delighted at the idea; so was Alexis at the outset, as he had little idea of what was in store for him.

The Grand Duke and the general were seated in a closed carriage drawn by six horses, and were cautioned to

fasten their hats securely on their heads, and to hang onto the carriage; then Will climbed to the driver's seat.

"Just imagine," said he to his passengers, "that fifty Indians are after us." And off went the horses, with a

The three miles to the station were covered in just ten minutes, and the Grand Duke had the ride of his life.

The carriage tossed like a ship in a gale, and no crew ever clung to a lifeline with more desperate grip than

did Will's passengers to their seats. Had the fifty Indians of the driver's fancy been whooping behind, he

would not have plied the whip more industriously, or been deafer to the groans and ejaculations of his fares.

When the carriage finally drew up with another teethshaking jerk, and Will, sombrero in hand, opened the

coach door to inquire of his Highness how he had enjoyed the ride, the Grand Duke replied, with suspicious

"I would not have missed it for a large sum of money; but rather than repeat it, I would return to Russia via

Alaska, swim Bering Strait, and finish my journey on one of your government mules."

This ride completed a trip which the noble party pronounced satisfactory in every detail. The Grand Duke

invited Will into his private car, where he received the thanks of the company for his zeal and skill as pilot of

a huntingparty. He was also invited by Alexis to visit him at his palace should he ever make a journey to

At that time Will had very little thought of crossing the seas, but he did decide to visit the East, whither he

had more than once journeyed in fancy. The Indians were comparatively quiet, and he readily obtained a

The first stoppingplace was Chicago, where he was entertained by General Sheridan; thence he went to New

York, to be kindly received by James Gordon Bennett, Leonard and Lawrence Jerome, J. G. Heckscher, and

others, who, it will be recalled, were members of the huntingparty of the preceding year. Ned Buntline also

rendered his sojourn in the metropolis pleasant in many ways. The author had carried out his intention of

writing a story of Western life with Scout Cody for the hero, and the result, having been dramatized, was

doing a flourishing business at one of the great city's theaters. Will made one of a party that attended a

performance of the play one evening, and it was shortly whispered about the house that "Buffalo Bill"

himself was in the audience. It is customary to call for the author of a play, and no doubt the author of this

play had been summoned before the footlights in due course, but on this night the audience demanded the

hero. To respond to the call was an ordeal for which Will was unprepared; but there was no getting out of it,

and he faced a storm of applause. The manager of the performance, enterprising like all of his profession,

offered Will five hundred dollars a week to remain in New York and play the part of "Buffalo Bill," but the

During his stay in the city Will was made the guest of honor at sundry luncheons and dinners given by his

wealthy entertainers. He found considerable trouble in keeping his appointments at first, but soon caught on

to the to him unreasonable hours at which New Yorkers dined, supped, and breakfasted. The sense of his

social obligations lay so heavily on his mind that he resolved to balance accounts with a dinner at which he

should be the host. An inventory of cash on hand discovered the sum of fifty dollars that might be devoted to

playing Lucullus. Surely that would more than pay for all that ten or a dozen men could eat at one meal.

"However," he said to himself, "I don't care if it takes the whole fifty. It's all in a lifetime, anyway."

In all confidence he hied him to Delmonico's, at which famous restaurant he had incurred a large share of his

social obligations. He ordered the finest dinner that could be prepared for a party of twelve, and set as date

the night preceding his departure for the West. The guests were invited with genuine Western hospitality. His

friends had been kind to him, and he desired to show them that a man of the West could not only appreciate

The dinner was a thorough success. Not an invited guest was absent. The conversation sparkled. Quip and

repartee shot across the "festive board," and all went merry as a dinnerbell. The host was satisfied, and

proud withal. The next morning he approached Delmonico's cashier with an air of reckless prodigality.

"My bill, please," said he, and when he got it, he looked hard at it for several minutes. It dawned on him

gradually that his fifty dollars would about pay for one plate. As he confided to us afterward, that little slip of

paper frightened him more than could the prospect of a combat singlehanded with a whole tribe of Sioux

Unsophisticated Will! There was, as he discovered, a wonderful difference between a dinner at Delmonico's

and a dinner on the plains. For the one, the four corners of the earth are drawn upon to provide the bill of fare;

for the other, all one needs is an ounce of lead and a charge of powder, a bundle of fagots and a match.

But it would never do to permit the restaurant cashier to suspect that the royal entertainer of the night before

was astonished at his bill; so he requested that the account be forwarded to his hotel, and sought the open air,

There was but one man in New York to whom he felt he could turn in his dilemma, and that was Ned

Buntline. One who could invent plots for stories, and extricate his characters from all sorts of embarrassing

situations, should be able to invent a method of escape from so comparatively simple a perplexity as a tavern

bill. Will's confidence in the wits of his friend was not unfounded. His first great financial panic was safely

One of Will's main reasons for visiting the East was to look up our only living relatives on mother's

sideColonel Henry R. Guss and family, of Westchester, Pennsylvania. Mother's sister, who had married

this gentleman, was not living, and we had never met him or any of his family. Ned Buntline accompanied

To those who have passed through the experience of waiting in a strange drawingroom for the coming of

relatives one has never seen, and of whose personality one has but the vaguest idea, there is the uncertainty of

the reception. Will it be frank and hearty, or reserved and doubtful? During the few minutes succeeding the

giving of his and Buntline's cards to the servant, Will rather wished that the elegant receptionroom might be

metamorphosed into the Western prairie. But presently the entrance to the parlor was brightened by the

loveliest girl he had ever looked upon, and following her walked a courtly, elegant gentleman. These were

Cousin Lizzie and Uncle Henry. There was no doubt of the quality of the welcome; it was most cordial, and

Will enjoyed a delightful visit with his relatives. For his cousin he conceived an instant affection. The love he

had held for his motherthe purest and strongest of his affectionsbecame the heritage of this beautiful

THE Fifth Cavalry at Fort McPherson had been ordered to Arizona, and was replaced by the Third Cavalry

under command of General Reynolds. Upon Will's return to McPherson he was at once obliged to take the

field to look for Indians that had raided the station during his absence and carried off a considerable number

of horses. Captain Meinhold and Lieutenant Lawson commanded the company dispatched to recover the

stolen property. Will acted as guide, and had as an assistant T. B. Omohundro, better known by his frontier

Will was not long in finding Indian tracks, and accompanied by six men, he went forward to locate the

redskin camp. They had proceeded but a short distance when they sighted a small party of Indians, with

horses grazing. There were just thirteen Indians an unlucky numberand Will feared that they might

discover the scouting party should it attempt to return to the main command. He had but to question his

companions to find them ready to follow wheresoever he might lead, and they moved cautiously toward the

At the proper moment the seven rushed upon the unsuspecting warriors, who sprang for their horses and gave

battle. But the rattle of the rifles brought Captain Meinhold to the scene, and when the Indians saw the

reinforcements coming up they turned and fled. Six of their number were dead on the plain, and nearly all of

the stolen horses were recovered. One soldier was killed, and this was one of the few occasions when Will

And now once more was the versatile plainsman called upon to enact a new role. Returning from a long scout

in the fall of 1872, he found that his friends had made him a candidate for the Nebraska legislature from the

twentysixth district. He had never thought seriously of politics, and had a welldefined doubt of his fitness

as a lawmaker. He made no campaign, but was elected by a flattering majority. He was now privileged to

prefix the title "Honorable" to his name, and later this was supplanted by "Colonel"a title won in the

Nebraska National Guard, and which he claims is much better suited to his attainments.

Will, unlike his father, had no taste for politics or for political honors. I recall one answerso characteristic

of the manto some friends who were urging him to enter the political arena. "No," said he, "politics are by

far too deep for me. I think I can hold my own in any fair and no foul fight; but politics seem to me all foul

and no fair. I thank you, my friends, but I must decline to set out on this trail, which I know has more cactus

Meantime Ned Buntline had been nurturing an ambitious project. He had been much impressed by the fine

appearance made by Will in the New York theater, and was confident that a fortune awaited the scout if he

would consent to enter the theatrical profession. He conceived the idea of writing a drama entitled "The Scout

of the Plains," in which Will was to assume the title role and shine as a star of the first magnitude. The bait he

dangled was that the play should be made up entirely of frontier scenes, which would not only entertain the

The bait was nibbled at, and finally swallowed, but there was a proviso that Wild Bill and Texas Jack must

first be won over to act as "pards" in the enterprise. He telegraphed his two friends that he needed their aid in

an important business matter, and went to Chicago to meet them. He was well assured that if he had given

them an inkling of the nature of the "business matter," neither would put in an appearance; but he relied on

There had never been a time when Wild Bill and Texas Jack declined to follow Will's lead, and on a certain

morning the trio presented themselves at the Palmer House in Chicago for an interview with Colonel Judson.

The author could scarcely restrain his delight. All three of the scouts were men of fine physique and dashing

appearance. It was very possible that they had one or two things to learn about acting, but their inexperience

would be more than balanced by their reputation and personal appearance, and the knowledge that they were

"Don't shoot, pards!" began Will, when the conference opened. "I guess, Judson," he continued, after vainly

Buntline opened with enthusiasm, but he did not kindle Wild Bill and Texas Jack, who looked as if they

might at any moment grab their sombreros and stampede for the frontier. Will turned the scale.

The upshot of a long discussion was that the scouts gave a reluctant consent to a muchdreaded venture. Will

"If the Indians get on the rampage," said he, "we must be allowed leave of absence to go back and settle

"All right, boys," said Buntline; "that shall be put in the contract. And if you're called back into the army to

This reply established the author firmly in the esteem of the scouts. The play was written in four hours (most

playwrights allow themselves at least a week), and the actorscouts received their "parts." Buntline engaged a

When the critical "first night" arrived, none of the scouts knew a line of his part, but each had acquired all the

varieties of stage fright known to the profession. Buntline had hinted to them the possibility of something of

the sort, but they had not realized to what a condition of abject dismay a man may be reduced by the sight of

a few hundred inoffensive people in front of a theater curtain. It would have done them no good to have told

them (as is the truth) that many experienced actors have touches of stage fright, as well as the unfortunate

novice. All three declared that they would rather face a band of warpainted Indians, or undertake to check a

herd of stampeding buffaloes, than face the peacefullooking audience that was waiting to criticise their

Like almost all amateurs, they insisted on peering through the peepholes in the curtain, which augmented

their nervousness, and if the persuasive Colonel Judson had not been at their elbows, reminding them that he,

also, was to take part in the play, it is more than likely they would have slipped quietly out at the stage door

Presently the curtain rolled up, and the audience applauded encouragingly as three quaking sixfooters, clad

I have said that Will did not know a line of his part, nor did he when the time to make his opening speech

arrived. It had been faithfully memorized, but oozed from his mind like the courage from Bob Acres's

fingertips. "Evidently," thought Buntline, who was on the stage with him, "he needs time to recover." So he

This gave "The Scout of the Plains" an inspiration. In glancing over the audience, he had recognized in one of

the boxes a wealthy gentleman named Milligan, whom he had once guided on a big hunt near McPherson.

The expedition had been written up by the Chicago papers, and the incidents of it were well known.

"I've been out on a hunt with Milligan," replied Will, and the house came down. Milligan was quite popular,

but had been the butt of innumerable jokes because of his alleged scare over the Indians. The applause and

laughter that greeted the sally stocked the scout with confidence, but confidence is of no use if one has

forgotten his part. It became manifest to the playwrightactor that he would have to prepare another play in

place of the one he had expected to perform, and that he must prepare it on the spot.

One of the pleasures of frontier life consists in telling stories around the campfire. A man who ranks as a

good frontiersman is pretty sure to be a good raconteur. Will was at ease immediately, and proceeded to

relate the story of Milligan's hunt in his own words. That it was amusing was attested by the frequent rounds

of applause. The prompter, with a commendable desire to get things running smoothly, tried again and again

The dialogue of that performance must have been delightfully absurd. Neither Texas Jack nor Wild Bill was

able to utter a line of his part during the entire evening. In the Indian scenes, however, they scored a great

success; here was work that did not need to be painfully memorized, and the mock red men were slain at an

Financially the play proved all that its projectors could ask for. Artisticallywell, the critics had a great deal

of fun with the hapless dramatist. The professionals in the company had played their parts acceptably, and,

oddly enough, the scouts were let down gently in the criticisms; but the critics had no means of knowing that

the stars of the piece had provided their own dialogue, and poor Ned Buntline was plastered with ridicule. It

had got out that the play was written in four hours, and in mentioning this fact, one paper wondered, with

delicate sarcasm, what the dramatist had been doing all that time. Buntline had played the part of "Gale

Durg," who met death in the second act, and a second paper, commenting on this, suggested that it would

have been a happy consummation had the death occurred before the play was written. A third critic

pronounced it a drama that might be begun in the middle and played both ways, or played backward, quite as

However, nothing succeeds like success. A number of managers offered to take hold of the company, and

others asked for entrance to the enterprise as partners. Ned Buntline took his medicine from the critics with a

The scouts soon got over their stage fright, in the course of time were able to remember their parts, and did

fully their share toward making the play as much of a success artistically as it was financially. From Chicago

the company went to St. Louis, thence to Cincinnati and other large cities, and everywhere drew large and

When the season closed, in Boston, and Will had made his preparations to return to Nebraska, an English

gentleman named Medley, presented himself, with a request that the scout act as guide on a big hunt and

camping trip through Western territory. The pay offered was liberala thousand dollars a month and

expenses and Will accepted the offer. He spent that summer in his old occupation, and the ensuing winter

continued his tour as a star of the drama. Wild Bill and Texas Jack consented again to "support" him, but the

second season proved too much for the patience of the former, and he attempted to break through the contract

he had signed for the season. The manager, of course, refused to release him, but Wild Bill conceived the

notion that under certain circumstances the company would be glad to get rid of him.

That night he put his plan into execution by discharging his blank cartridges so near the legs of the dead

Indians on the stage that the startled "supers" came to life with more realistic yells than had accompanied

their deaths. This was a bit of "business" not called for in the playbook, and while the audience was vastly

Will was delegated to expostulate with the reckless Indianslayer; but Wild Bill remarked calmly that he

"hadn't hurt the fellows any," and he continued to indulge in his innocent pastime.

Severe measures were next resorted to. He was informed that he must stop shooting the Indians after they

were dead, or leave the company. This was what Wild Bill had hoped for, and when the curtain went up on

the next performance he was to be seen in the audience, enjoying the play for the first time since he had been

Will sympathized with his former "support," but he had a duty to perform, and faithfully endeavored to

persuade the recreant actor to return to the company. Persuasion went for nothing, so the contract was

The next season Will removed his family to Rochester, and organized a theatrical company of his own. There

was too much artificiality about stage life to suit one that had been accustomed to stern reality, and he sought

to do away with this as much as possible by introducing into his own company a band of real Indians. The

season of 187576 opened brilliantly; the company played to crowded houses, and Will made a large

One night in April, when the season was nearing its close, a telegram was handed to him, just as he was about

to step upon the stage. It was from his wife, and summoned him to Rochester, to the bedside of his only son,

Kit Carson Cody. He consulted with his manager, and it was arranged that after the first act he should be

That first act was a miserable experience, though the audience did not suspect that the actor's heart was

almost stopped by fear and anxiety. He caught his train, and the manager, John Burke, an actor of much

It was, too, a miserable ride to Rochester, filled up with the gloomiest of forebodings, heightened by

Kit was a handsome child, with striking features and curly hair. His mother always dressed him in the finest

clothes, and tempted by these combined attractions, gypsies had carried him away the previous summer. But

Kit was the son of a scout, and his young eyes were sharp. He marked the trail followed by his captors, and at

the first opportunity gave them the slip and got safely home, exclaiming as he toddled into the sobbing family

circle, "I tumed back adain, mama; don't cry." Despite his anxiety, Will smiled at the recollection of the

season when his little son had been a regular visitor at the theater. The little fellow knew that the most

important feature of a dramatic performance, from a management's point of view, is a large audience. He

watched the seats fill in keen anxiety, and the moment the curtain rose and his father appeared on the stage,

he would make a trumpet of his little hands, and shout from his box, "Good house, papa!" The audience

learned to expect and enjoy this bit of byplay between father and son. His duty performed, Kit settled

When Will reached Rochester he found his son still alive, though beyond the reach of medical aid. He was

burning up with fever, but still conscious, and the little arms were joyfully lifted to clasp around his father's

neck. He lingered during the next day and into the night, but the end came, and Will faced a great sorrow of

his life. He had built fond hopes for his son, and in a breath they had been swept away. His boyhood musings

over the prophecy of the fortuneteller had taken a turn when his own boy was born. It might be Kit's destiny

to become President of the United States; it was not his own. Now, hope and fear had vanished together, the

Little Kit was laid to rest in Mount Hope Cemetery, April 24, 1876. He is not dead, but sleeping; not lost, but

gone before. He has joined the innumerable company of the whitesouled throng in the regions of the blest.

He has gone to aid my mother in her mission unfulfilledthat of turning heavenward the eyes of those that

VERY glad was the sadhearted father that the theatrical season was so nearly over. The mummeries of stage

life were more distasteful to him than ever when he returned to his company with his crushing grief fresh

upon him. He played nightly to crowded houses, but it was plain that his heart was not in his work. A letter

from Colonel Mills, informing him that his services were needed in the army, came as a welcome relief. He

canceled his few remaining dates, and disbanded his company with a substantial remuneration.

This was the spring of the Centennial year. It has also been called the "Custer year," for during that summer

the gallant general and his heroic Three Hundred fell in their unequal contest with Sitting Bull and his

Sitting Bull was one of the ablest chiefs and fighters the Sioux nation ever produced. He got his name from

the fact that once when he had shot a buffalo he sprang astride of it to skin it, and the wounded bull rose on

its haunches with the Indian on its back. He combined native Indian cunning with the strategy and finesse

needed to make a great general, and his ability as a leader was conceded alike by red and white man. A

dangerous man at best, the wrongs his people had suffered roused all his Indian cruelty, vindictiveness,

The Sioux war of 1876 had its origin, like most of its predecessors and successors, in an act of injustice on

In 1868 a treaty had been made with the Sioux, by which the Black Hills country was reserved for their

exclusive use, no settling by white men to be allowed. In 1874 gold was discovered, and the usual gold fever

was followed by a rush of whites into the Indian country. The Sioux naturally resented the intrusion, and

instead of attempting to placate them, to the end that the treaty might be revised, the government sent General

Custer into the Black Hills with instructions to intimidate the Indians into submission. But Custer was too

wise, too familiar with Indian nature, to adhere to his instructions to the letter. Under cover of a flag of truce

a council was arranged. At this gathering coffee, sugar, and bacon were distributed among the Indians, and

along with those commodities Custer handed around some advice. This was to the effect that it would be to

the advantage of the Sioux if they permitted the miners to occupy the gold country. The coffee, sugar, and

bacon were accepted thankfully by Lo, but no nation, tribe, or individual since the world began has ever

welcomed advice. It was thrown away on Lo. He received it with such an air of indifference and in such a

In 1875 General Crook was sent into the Hills to make a farcical demonstration of the government's desire to

maintain good faith, but no one was deceived, the Indians least of all. In August Custer City was laid out, and

in two weeks its population numbered six hundred. General Crook drove out the inhabitants, and as he

marched triumphantly out of one end of the village the people marched in again at the other.

The result of this continued bad faith was inevitable; everywhere the Sioux rose in arms. Strange as it might

seem to one who has not followed the government's remarkable Indian policy, it had dispensed firearms to

the Indians with a generous hand. The government's Indian policy, condensed, was to stock the red man with

rifles and cartridges, and then provide him with a firstclass reason for using them against the whites. During

May, June, and July of that year the Sioux had received 1,120 Remington and Winchester rifles and 13,000

rounds of patent ammunition. During that year they received several thousand stands of arms and more than a

million rounds of ammunition, and for three years before that they had been regularly supplied with weapons.

The Sioux uprising of 1876 was expensive for the government. One does not have to go far to find the

Will expected to join General Crook, but on reaching Chicago he found that General Carr was still in

command of the Fifth Cavalry, and had sent a request that Will return to his old regiment. Carr was at

Cheyenne; thither Will hastened at once. He was met at the station by Captain Charles King, the wellknown

author, and later serving as brigadiergeneral at Manila, then adjutant of the regiment. As the pair rode into

camp the cry went up, "Here comes Buffalo Bill!" Three ringing cheers expressed the delight of the troopers

over his return to his old command, and Will was equally delighted to meet his quondam companions. He

was appointed guide and chief of scouts, and the regiment proceeded to Laramie. From there they were

ordered into the Black Hills country, and Colonel Merritt replaced General Carr.

The incidents of Custer's fight and fall are so well known that it is not necessary to repeat them here. It was a

better fight than the famous charge of the Light Brigade at Balaklava, for not one of the three hundred came

forth from the "jaws of death." As at Balaklava, "some one had blundered," not once, but many times, and

When the news of the tragedy reached the main army, preparations were made to move against the Indians in

force. The Fifth Cavalry was instructed to cut off, if possible, eight hundred Cheyenne warriors on their way

to join the Sioux, and Colonel Wesley Merritt, with five hundred men, hastened to Hat, or WarBonnet,

Creek, purposing to reach the trail before the Indians could do so. The creek was reached on the 17th of July,

and at daylight the following morning Will rode forth to ascertain whether the Cheyennes had crossed the

trail. They had not, but that very day the scout discerned the warriors coming up from the south.

Colonel Merritt ordered his men to mount their horses, but to remain out of sight, while he, with his adjutant,

Charles King, accompanied Will on a tour of observation. The Cheyennes came directly toward the troops,

and presently fifteen or twenty of them dashed off to the west along the trail the army had followed the night

before. Through his glass Colonel Merritt remarked two soldiers on the trail, doubtless couriers with

dispatches, and these the Indians manifestly designed to cut off. Will suggested that it would be well to wait

until the warriors were on the point of charging the couriers, when, if the colonel were willing, he would take

a party of picked men and cut off the hostile delegation from the main body, which was just coming over the

The colonel acquiesced, and Will, galloping back to camp, returned with fifteen men. The couriers were some

four hundred yards away, and their Indian pursuers two hundred behind them. Colonel Merritt gave the word

In the skirmish that ensued three Indians were killed. The rest started for the main band of warriors, who had

halted to watch the fight, but they were so hotly pursued by the soldiers that they turned at a point half a mile

Here something a little out of the usual occurreda challenge to a duel. A warrior, whose decorations and

warbonnet proclaimed him a chief, rode out in front of his men, and called out in his own tongue, which

Will rode forward fifty yards, and the warrior advanced a like distance. The two rifles spoke, and the Indian's

horse fell; but at the same moment Will's horse stumbled into a gopherhole and threw its rider. Both duelists

were instantly on their feet, confronting each other across a space of not more than twenty paces. They fired

The duel over, some two hundred warriors dashed up to recover the chieftain's body and to avenge his death.

It was now Colonel Merritt's turn to move. He dispatched a company of soldiers to Will's aid, and then

ordered the whole regiment to the charge. As the soldiers advanced, Will swung the Indian's topknot and

The Indians made a stubborn resistance, but as they found this useless, began a retreat toward Red Cloud

agency, whence they had come. The retreat continued for thirtyfive miles, the troops following into the

agency. The fighting blood of the Fifth was at fever heat, and they were ready to encounter the thousands of

warriors at the agency should they exhibit a desire for battle. But they manifested no such desire.

Will learned that the name of the chief he had killed that morning was "Yellow Hand." He was the son of

"Cut Nose," a leading spirit among the Cheyennes. This old chieftain offered Will four mules if he would

return the warbonnet and accouterments worn by the young warrior and captured in the fight, but Will did

The Fifth Cavalry on the following morning started on its march to join General Crook's command in the Big

Horn Mountains. The two commands united forces on the 3d of August, and marched to the confluence of the

Powder River with the Yellowstone. Here General Miles met them, to report that no Indians had crossed the

No other fight occurred; but Will made himself useful in his capacity of scout. There were many long, hard

rides, carrying dispatches that no one else would volunteer to bear. When he was assured that the fighting

was all over, he took passage, in September, on the steamer "Far West," and sailed down the Missouri.

People in the Eastern States were wonderfully interested in the stirring events on the frontier, and Will

conceived the idea of putting the incidents of the Sioux war upon the stage. Upon his return to Rochester he

had a play written for his purpose, organized a company, and opened his season. Previously he had paid a

flying visit to Red Cloud agency, and induced a number of Sioux Indians to take part in his drama.

The red men had no such painful experience as Wild Bill and Texas Jack. All they were expected to do in the

way of acting was what came natural to them. Their part was to introduce a bit of "local color," to give a

wardance, take part in a skirmish, or exhibit themselves in some typical Indian fashion.

At the close of this season Will bought a large tract of land near North Platte, and started a cattleranch. He

already owned one some distance to the northward, in partnership with Major North, the leader of the Pawnee

scouts. Their friendship had strengthened since their first meeting, ten years before.

In this new ranch Will takes great pride. He has added to its area until it now covers seven thousand acres,

and he has developed its resources to the utmost. Twentyfive hundred acres are devoted to alfalfa and

twentyfive hundred sown to corn. One of the features of interest to visitors is a wooded park, containing a

number of deer and young buffaloes. Near the park is a beautiful lake. In the center of the broad tract of land

stands the picturesque building known as "Scout's Rest Ranch," which, seen from the foothills, has the

The ranch is one of the most beautiful spots that one can imagine, and is, besides, an objectlesson in the

value of scientific investigation and experiment joined with persistence and perseverance. When Will bought

the property he was an enthusiastic believer in the possibilities of Nebraska development. His

The whole Platte Valley formed part of the district once miscalled the Great American Desert. It was an idea

commonly accepted, but, as the sequel proved, erroneous, that lack of moisture was the cause of lack of

vegetation. An irrigating ditch was constructed on the ranch, trees were planted, and it was hoped that with

such an abundance of moisture they would spring up like weeds. Vain hope! There was "water, water

Will visited his old Kansas home, and the sight of tall and stately trees filled him with a desire to transport

"I'd give five hundred dollars," said he, "for every tree I had like that in Nebraska!"

Impressed by the proprietor's enthusiasm for arboreal development, Mr. Goodman began investigation and

experiment. It took him but a short time to acquire a knowledge of the deficiencies of the soil, and this done,

Indian legend tells us that this part of our country was once an inland sea. There is authority for the statement

that today it is a vast subterranean reservoir, and the conditions warrant the assertion. The soil in all the

region has a depth only of from one to three feet, while underlying the shallow arable deposit is one immense

bedrock, varying in thickness, the average being from three to six feet. Everywhere water may be tapped by

digging through the thin soil and boring through the rock formation. The country gained its reputation as a

desert, not from lack of moisture, but from lack of soil. In the pockets of the foothills, where a greater depth

of soil had accumulated from the washings of the slopes above, beautiful little groves of trees might be found,

and the islands of the Platte River were heavily wooded. Everywhere else was a treeless waste.

The philosophy of the transformation from sea to plain is not fully understood. The most tenable theory yet

advanced is that the bedrock is an alkaline deposit, left by the waters in a gradually widening and deepening

margin. On this the prairie wind sifted its accumulation of dust, and the rain washed down its quota from the

bank above. In the slow process of countless years the rock formation extended over the whole sea; the

alluvial deposit deepened; seeds lodged in it, and the buffalograss and sagebrush began to grow, their

Having learned the secret of the earth, Mr. Goodman devoted himself to the study of the trees. He

investigated those varieties having lateral roots, to determine which would flourish best in a shallow soil. He

experimented, he failed, and he tried again. All things come round to him who will but work. Many

experiments succeeded the first, and many failures followed in their train. But at last, like Archimedes, he

could cry "Eureka! I have found it!" In a very short time he had the ranch charmingly laid out with rows of

cottonwoods, boxelder, and other members of the tree family. The ranch looked like an oasis in the desert,

and neighbors inquired into the secret of the magic that had worked so marvelous a transformation. The

streets of North Platte are now beautiful with trees, and adjoining farms grow many more. It is "Scout's Rest

Ranch," however, that is pointed out with pride to travelers on the Union Pacific Railroad.

Mindful of his resolve to one day have a residence in North Platte, Will purchased the site on which his first

residence was erected. His family had sojourned in Rochester for several years, and when they returned to the

West the new home was built according to the wishes and under the supervision of the wife and mother. To

IT was during this period of his life that my brother's first literary venture was made. As the reader has seen,

his schooldays were few in number, and as he told Mr. Majors, in signing his first contract with him, he

could use a rifle better than a pen. A life of constant action on the frontier does not leave a man much time for

acquiring an education; so it is no great wonder that the first sketch Will wrote for publication was destitute

of punctuation and short of capitals in many places. His attention was directed to these shortcomings, but

"Life is too short," said he, "to make big letters when small ones will do; and as for punctuation, if my readers

don't know enough to take their breath without those little marks, they'll have to lose it, that's all."

But in spite of his jesting, it was characteristic of him that when he undertook anything he wished to do it

well. He now had leisure for study, and he used it to such good advantage that he was soon able to send to the

publishers a clean manuscript, grammatical, and well spelled, capitalized, and punctuated. The publishers

appreciated the improvement, though they had sought after his work in its crude state, and paid good prices

Our author would never consent to write anything except actual scenes from border life. As a sop to the

Cerberus of sensationalism, he did occasionally condescend to heighten his effects by exaggeration. In

"I am sorry to have to lie so outrageously in this yarn. My hero has killed more Indians on one wartrail than

I have killed in all my life. But I understand this is what is expected in border tales. If you think the revolver

and bowieknife are used too freely, you may cut out a fatal shot or stab wherever you deem it wise."

Even this story, which one accustomed to border life confessed to be exaggerated, fell far short of the

sensational and bloodcurdling tales usually written, and was published exactly as the author wrote it.

During the summer of 1877 I paid a visit to our relatives in Westchester, Pennsylvania. My husband had lost

all his wealth before his death, and I was obliged to rely upon my brother for support. To meet a widespread

demand, Will this summer wrote his autobiography. It was published at Hartford, Connecticut, and I, anxious

to do something for myself, took the general agency of the book for the state of Ohio, spending a part of the

summer there in pushing its sale. But I soon tired of a business life, and turning over the agency to other

hands, went from Cleveland to visit Will at his new home in North Platte, where there were a number of other

Besides his cattleranch in the vicinity of North Platte, Will had another ranch on the Dismal River,

"I'm sorry to leave you to your own resources for a few days, but I must take a run up to my ranch on Dismal

Not since our early Kansas trip had I had an experience in camping out, and in those days I was almost too

"There's no reason why you can't go if you wish to," said he. Will owned numerous conveyances, and was

able to provide ways and means to carry us all comfortably. Lou and the two little girls, Arta and Orra, rode

in an open phaeton. There were covered carriages, surreys, and a variety of turnouts to transport the invited

guests. Several prominent citizens of North Platte were invited to join the party, and when our arrangements

Will took a caterer along, and made ample provisions for the inner man and woman. We knew, from long

experience, that a camping trip without an abundance of food is rather a dreary affair.

All of us except Will were out for pleasure solely, and we found time to enjoy ourselves even during the first

day's ride of twentyfive miles. As we looked around at the new and wild scenes while the tents were pitched

"You are the first white women whose feet have trod this region. Carve your names here, and celebrate the

After a good night's rest and a bounteous breakfast, we set out in high spirits, and were soon far out in the

One who has never seen these peculiar formations can have but little idea of them. On every side, as far as the

eye can see, undulations of earth stretch away like the waves of the ocean, and on them no vegetation

The second day I rode horseback, in company with Will and one or two others of the party, over a constant

succession of hill and vale; we mounted an elevation and descended its farther side, only to be confronted by

another hill. The horseback party was somewhat in advance of those in carriages.

From the top of one hill Will scanned the country with his fieldglass, and remarked that some deer were

headed our way, and that we should have fresh venison for dinner. He directed us to ride down into the valley

and tarry there, so that we might not startle the timid animals, while he continued part way up the hill and

halted in position to get a good shot at the first one that came over the knoll. A fawn presently bounded into

view, and Will brought his rifle to his shoulder; but much to our surprise, instead of firing, dropped the

weapon to his side. Another fawn passed him before he fired, and as the little creature fell we rode up to Will

"It is difficult to believe we are in the presence of the crack shot of America, when we see him allow two deer

But to the laughing and chaffing Will answered not a word, and recalling the childish story I had heard of his

buck fever, I wondered if, at this late date, it were possible for him to have another attack of that kind. The

"Will, what was the matter with you just now?" I asked him, privately. "Why didn't you shoot that first deer;

He rode along in silence for a few moments, and then turned to me with the query:

"Did you ever look into a deer's eyes?" And as I replied that I had not, he continued:

"Every one has his little weakness; mine is a deer's eye. I don't want you to say anything about it to your

friends, for they would laugh more than ever, but the fact is I have never yet been able to shoot a deer if it

looked me in the eye. With a buffalo, or a bear, or an Indian, it is different. But a deer has the eye of a

trusting child, soft, gentle, and confiding. No one but a brute could shoot a deer if he caught that look. The

first that came over the knoll looked straight at me; I let it go by, and did not look at the second until I was

He seemed somewhat ashamed of his softheartedness; yet to me it was but one of many little incidents that

Will expected to reach the Dismal River on the third day, and at noon of it he remarked that he had better ride

ahead and give notice of our coming, for the man who looked after the ranch had his wife with him, and she

would likely be dismayed at the thought of preparing supper for so large a crowd on a minute's notice.

Sister Julia's son, Will Goodman, a lad of fifteen, was of our party, and he offered to be the courier.

"Oh, yes," was the confident response; "you know I have been over the road with you before, and I know just

Young Will described the trail so accurately that his uncle concluded it would be safe for him to undertake

It was late in the afternoon when we reached the ranch; and the greeting of the overseer was:

"Didn't you know we were coming?" asked Will, quickly. "Hasn't Will Goodman been here?" The ranchman

"Well, he'll be along," said Will, quietly; but I detected a ring of anxiety in his voice. "Go into the house and

make yourselves comfortable," he added. "It will be some time before a meal can be prepared for such a

supper party." We entered the house, but he remained outside, and mounting the stile that served as a gate,

examined the nearer hills with his glass. There was no sign of Will, Jr.; so the ranchman was directed to

dispatch five or six men in as many directions to search for the boy, and as they hastened away on their

mission Will remained on the stile, running his fingers every few minutes through the hair over his

foreheada characteristic action with him when worried. Thinking I might reassure him, I came out and

chided him gently for what I was pleased to regard as his needless anxiety. It was impossible for Willie to

lose his way very long, I explained, without knowing anything about my subject. "See how far you can look

Will looked at me steadily and pityingly for a moment. "Go back in the house, Nell," said he, with a touch of

That was true enough, but when I returned obediently to the house I repeated my opinion that worry over the

absent boy was needless, for it would be difficult, I declared, for one to lose himself where the range of vision

"But suppose," said one of the party, "that you were in the valley behind one of the foothillswhat then?"

This led to an animated discussion as to the danger of getting lost in this longrange locality, and in the midst

We flocked to the stile, and discovered a moving speck in the distance. Looked at through the fieldglasses,

it proved to be the belated courier. Then we appealed to Will to settle the question that had been under

"Ladies and gentlemen," he answered, impressively, "if one of you were lost among these foothills, and a

whole regiment started out in search of you, the chances are ten to one that you would starve to death, to say

To find the way with ease and locate the trail unerringly over an endless and monotonous succession of hills

identical in appearance is an ability the Indian possesses, but few are the white men that can imitate the

aborigine. I learned afterward that it was accounted one of Will's great accomplishments as a scout that he

When the laggard arrived, and was pressed for particulars, he declared he had traveled eight or ten miles

when he found that he was off the trail. "I thought I was lost," said he; "but after considering the matter I

decided that I had one chancethat was to go back over my own tracks. The marks of my horse's hoofs led

me out on the main trail, and your tracks were so fresh that I had no further trouble."

"Pretty good," said Will, patting the boy's shoulder. "Pretty good. You have some of the Cody blood in you,

The next day was passed in looking over the ranch, and the day following we visited, at Will's solicitation, a

spot that he had named "The Garden of the Gods." Our thoughtful host had sent ranchmen ahead to prepare

the place for our reception, and we were as surprised and delighted as he could desire. A patch on the river's

brink was filled with tall and stately trees and luxuriant shrubs, laden with fruits and flowers, while birds of

every hue nested and sang about us. It was a miniature paradise in the midst of a desert of sagebrush and

buffalograss. The interspaces of the grove were covered with rich green grass, and in one of these

naturecarpeted nooks the workmen, under Will's direction, had put up an arbor, with rustic seats and table.

As it was not likely that the women of the party would ever see the place again, so remote was it from

civilization, belonging to the as yet uninhabited part of the Western plains, we decided to explore it, in the

hope of finding something that would serve as a souvenir. We had not gone far when we found ourselves out

of Eden and in the desert that surrounded it, but it was the desert that held our great discovery. On an isolated

elevation stood a lone, tall tree, in the topmost branches of which reposed what seemed to be a large package.

As soon as our imaginations got fairly to work the package became the hidden treasure of some prairie

bandit, and while two of the party returned for our masculine forces the rest of us kept guard over the cachet

in the treetop. Will came up with the others, and when we pointed out to him the supposed chest of gold he

smiled, saying that he was sorry to dissipate the hopes which the ladies had built in the tree, but that they

were not gazing upon anything of intrinsic value, but on the open sepulcher of some departed brave. "It is a

wonder," he remarked, laughingly, "you women didn't catch on to the skeleton in that closet."

As we retraced our steps, somewhat crestfallen, we listened to the tale of another of the red man's

When some great chief, who particularly distinguishes himself on the warpath, loses his life on the

battlefield without losing his scalp, he is regarded as especially favored by the Great Spirit. A more exalted

sepulcher than mother earth is deemed fitting for such a warrior. Accordingly he is wrapped in his

blanketshroud, and, in his war paint and feathers and with his weapons by his side, he is placed in the top of

the highest tree in the neighborhood, the spot thenceforth being sacred against intrusion for a certain number

of moons. At the end of that period messengers are dispatched to ascertain if the remains have been disturbed.

If they have not, the departed is esteemed a spirit chief, who, in the happy huntinggrounds, intercedes for

and leads on to sure victory the warriors who trusted to his leadership in the material world.

We bade a reluctant adieu to the idyllic retreat, and threw it many a backward glance as we took our way over

the desert that stretched between us and the ranch. Here another night was passed, and then we set out for

home. The brief sojourn "near to Nature's heart" had been a delightful experience, holding for many of us the

With the opening of the theatrical season Will returned to the stage, and his histrionic career continued for

five years longer. As an actor he achieved a certain kind of success. He played in every large city of the

United States, always to crowded houses, and was everywhere received with enthusiasm. There was no doubt

of his financial success, whatever criticisms might be passed on the artistic side of his performance. It was his

personality and reputation that interested his audiences. They did not expect the art of Sir Henry Irving, and

Will never enjoyed this part of his career; he endured it simply because it was the means to an end. He had

not forgotten his boyish dream his resolve that he would one day present to the world an exhibition that

would give a realistic picture of life in the Far West, depicting its dangers and privations, as well as its

picturesque phases. His first theatrical season had shown him how favorably such an exhibition would be

received, and his longcherished ambition began to take shape. He knew that an enormous amount of money

would be needed, and to acquire such a sum he lived for many years behind the footlights.

I was present in a Leavenworth theater during one of his last performances one in which he played the part

of a loving swain to a wouldbe charming lassie. When the curtain fell on the last act I went behind the

scenes, in company with a party of friends, and congratulated the star upon his excellent acting.

"Oh, Nellie," he groaned, "don't say anything about it. If heaven will forgive me this foolishness, I promise to

That was the way he felt about the stage, so far as his part in it was concerned. He was a fish out of water The

feeble pretensions to a stern reality, and the mock dangers exploited, could not but fail to seem trivial to one

MY brother was again bereaved in 1880 by the death of his little daughter Orra. At her own request, Orra's

body was interred in Rochester, in beautiful Mount Hope Cemetery, by the side of little Kit Carson.

But joy follows upon sadness, and the summer before Will spent his last season on the stage was a

memorable one for him. It marked the birth of another daughter, who was christened Irma. This daughter is

the very apple of her father's eye; to her he gives the affection that is her due, and round her clings the halo of

This year, 1882, was also the one in which Will paid his first visit to the valley of the Big Horn. He had often

traversed the outskirts of that region, and heard incredible tales from Indians and trappers of its wonders and

beauties, but he had yet to explore it himself. In his early experience as Pony Express rider, California Joe

had related to him the first story he had heard of the enchanted basin, and in 1875, when he was in charge of a

large body of Arapahoe Indians that had been permitted to leave their reservation for a big hunt, he obtained

The agent warned Will that some of the Indians were dissatisfied, and might attempt to escape, but to all

appearances, though he watched them sharply, they were entirely content. Game was plentiful, the weather

One night about twelve o'clock Will was aroused by an Indian guide, who informed him that a party of some

two hundred Arapahoes had started away some two hours before, and were on a journey northward. The red

man does not wear his heart upon his sleeve for government daws to peck at. One knows what he proposes to

do after he has done it. The red man is conspicuously among the things that are not always what they seem.

Pursuit was immediately set on foot, and the entire body of truant warriors were brought back without

bloodshed. One of them, a young warrior, came to Will's tent to beg for tobacco. The Indianas all know

who have made his acquaintance has no difficulty in reconciling begging with his native dignity. To work

may be beneath him, to beg is a different matter, and there is frequently a delightful hauteur about his

mendicancy. In this respect he is not unlike some of his white brothers. Will gave the young chief the desired

"Surely," said he, "you cannot find a more beautiful spot than this. The streams are full of fish, the grazing is

good, the game is plentiful, and the weather is fine. What more could you desire?"

The Indian drew himself up. His face grew eager, and his eyes were full of longing as he answered, by the

"The land to the north and west is the land of plenty. There the buffalo grows larger; and his coat is darker.

There the buyu (antelope) comes in droves, while here there are but few. There the whole region is covered

with the short, curly grass our ponies like. There grow the wild plums that are good for my people in summer

and winter. There are the springs of the Great Medicine Man, Telyakiy. To bathe in them gives new life;

"In the mountains beyond the river of the blue water there is gold and silver, the metals that the white man

loves. There lives the eagle, whose feathers the Indian must have to make his warbonnet. There, too, the sun

"It is the Ijis (heaven) of the red man. My heart cries for it. The hearts of my people are not happy when away

The Indian folded his arms across his breast, and his eyes looked yearningly toward the country whose

delights he had so vividly pictured; then he turned and walked sorrowfully away. The white man's

government shut him out from the possession of his earthly paradise. Will learned upon further inquiry that

In the summer of 1882 Will's party of exploration left the cars at Cheyenne, and struck out from this point

with horses and packmules. Will's eyes becoming inflamed, he was obliged to bandage them, and turn the

guidance of the party over to a man known as "Ready." For days he traveled in a blinded state, and though his

eyes slowly bettered, he did not remove the bandage until the Big Horn Basin was reached. They had paused

for the midday siesta, and Reddy inquired whether it would not be safe to uncover the afflicted eyes, adding

Off came the bandage, and I shall quote Will's own words to describe the scene that met his delighted gaze:

"To my right stretched a towering range of snowcapped mountains, broken here and there into minarets,

obelisks, and spires. Between me and this range of lofty peaks a long irregular line of stately cottonwoods

told me a stream wound its way beneath. The rainbowtinted carpet under me was formed of innumerable

brillianthued wild flowers; it spread about me in every direction, and sloped gracefully to the stream. Game

of every kind played on the turf, and brighthued birds flitted over it. It was a scene no mortal can

satisfactorily describe. At such a moment a man, no matter what his creed, sees the hand of the mighty Maker

of the universe majestically displayed in the beauty of nature; he becomes sensibly conscious, too, of his own

littleness. I uttered no word for very awe; I looked upon one of nature's masterpieces.

"Instantly my heart went out to my sorrowful Arapahoe friend of 1875. He had not exaggerated; he had

scarcely done the scene justice. He spoke of it as the Ijis, the heaven of the red man. I regarded it then, and

To the west of the Big Horn Basin, Hart Mountain rises abruptly from the Shoshone River. It is covered with

grassy slopes and deep ravines; perpendicular rocks of every hue rise in various places and are fringed with

evergreens. Beyond this mountain, in the distance, towers the hoary head of Table Mountain. Five miles to

the southwest the mountains recede some distance from the river, and from its bank Castle Rock rises in

solitary grandeur. As its name indicates, it has the appearance of a castle, with towers, turrets, bastions, and

Grand as is the western view, the chief beauty lies in the south. Here the Carter Mountain lies along the entire

distance, and the grassy spaces on its side furnish pasturage for the deer, antelope, and mountain sheep that

abound in this favored region. Fine timber, too, grows on its rugged slopes; jagged, picturesque rockforms

are seen in all directions, and numerous cold springs send up their welcome nectar.

It is among the foothills nestling at the base of this mountain that Will has chosen the site of his future

permanent residence. Here there are many little lakes, two of which are named Irma and Arta, in honor of his

daughters. Here he owns a ranch of forty thousand acres, but the home proper will comprise a tract of four

hundred and eighty acres. The two lakes referred to are in this tract, and near them Will proposes to erect a

palatial residence. To him, as he has said, it is the Mecca of earth, and thither he hastens the moment he is

free from duty and obligation. In that enchanted region he forgets for a little season the cares and

A curious legend is told of one of the lakes that lie on the border of this valley. It is smallhalf a mile long

and a quarter wide but its depth is fathomless. It is bordered and shadowed by tall and stately pines,

quakingasp and birch trees, and its waters are pure and icecold the year round. They are medicinal, too,

and as yet almost unknown to white men. Will heard the legend of the lake from the lips of an old Cheyenne

"It was the custom of my tribe," said the Indian, "to assemble around this lake once every month, at the hour

of midnight, when the moon is at its full. Soon after midnight a canoe filled with the specters of departed

Cheyenne warriors shot out from the eastern side of the lake and crossed rapidly to the western border; there

"Never a word or sound escaped from the specters in the canoe. They sat rigid and silent, and swiftly plied

"So plainly were the canoe and its occupants seen that the features of the warriors were readily distinguished,

For years, according to the legend, the regular monthly trip was made, and always from the eastern to the

western border of the lake. In 1876 it suddenly ceased, and the Indians were much alarmed. A party of them

camped on the bank of the lake, and watchers were appointed for every night. It was fancied that the ghostly

boatmen had changed the date of their excursion. But in three months there was no sign of canoe or canoeists,

At a council of the medicine men, chiefs, and wiseacres of the tribe it was decided that the canoeing trip had

been a signal from the Great Spirit the canoe had proceeded from east to west, the course always followed

by the red man. The specters had been sent from the Happy HuntingGrounds to indicate that the tribe should

move farther west, and the sudden disappearance of the monthly signal was augured to mean the extinction of

Once when Will was standing on the border of this lake a Sioux warrior came up to him. This man was

unusually intelligent, and desired that his children should be educated. He sent his two sons to Carlisle, and

himself took great pains to learn the white man's religious beliefs, though he still clung to his old savage

customs and superstitions. A short time before he talked with Will large companies of Indians had made

pilgrimages to join one large conclave, for the purpose of celebrating the Messiah, or "Ghost Dance." Like all

religious celebrations among savage people, it was accompanied by the grossest excesses and most revolting

immoralities. As it was not known what serious happening these large gatherings might portend, the

President, at the request of many people, sent troops to disperse the Indians. The Indians resisted, and blood

was spilled, among the slain being the sons of the Indian who stood by the side of the haunted lake.

"It is written in the Great Book of the white man," said the old chief to Will, "that the Great Spiritthe

Nantaninchoris to come to him again on earth. The white men in the big villages go to their

councillodges (churches) and talk about the time of his coming. Some say one time, some say another, but

they all know the time will come, for it is written in the Great Book. It is the great and good among the white

men that go to these councillodges, and those that do not go say, `It is well; we believe as they believe; He

will come.' It is written in the Great Book of the white man that all the human beings on earth are the children

of the one Great Spirit. He provides and cares for them. All he asks in return is that his children obey him,

that they be good to one another, that they judge not one another, and that they do not kill or steal. Have I

Will bowed his head, somewhat surprised at the tone of the old chief's conversation. The other continued:

"The red man, too, has a Great Book. You have never seen it; no white man has ever seen it; it is hidden

here." He pressed his hand against his heart. "The teachings of the two books are the same. What the Great

Spirit says to the white man, the Nantaninchor says to the red man. We, too, go to our councillodges to

talk of the second coming. We have our ceremony, as the white man has his. The white man is solemn,

sorrowful; the red man is happy and glad. We dance and are joyful, and the white man sends soldiers to shoot

"In the big city (Washington) where I have been, there is another big book (the Federal Constitution), which

says the white man shall not interfere with the religious liberty of another. And yet they come out to our

"We rejoice over his second coming; the white man mourns, but he sends his soldiers to kill us in our

rejoicing. Bah! The white man is false. I return to my people, and to the customs and habits of my forefathers.

The old chief strode away with the dignity of a red Caesar, and Will, alone by the lake, reflected that every

question has two sides to it. The one the red man has held in the case of the commonwealth versus the Indian

IT was not until the spring of 1883 that Will was able to put into execution his longcherished planto

present to the public an exhibition which should delineate in throbbing and realistic color, not only the wild

life of America, but the actual history of the West, as it was lived for, fought for, died for, by Indians,

The wigwam village; the Indian wardance; the chant to the Great Spirit as it was sung over the plains; the

rise and fall of the famous tribes; the "Forward, march!" of soldiers, and the building of frontier posts; the life

of scouts and trappers; the hunt of the buffalo; the coming of the first settlers; their slow, perilous progress in

the prairie schooners over the vast and desolate plains; the period of the Deadwood stage and the Pony

Express; the making of homes in the face of fire and Indian massacre; United States cavalry on the

firingline, "Death to the Sioux!"these are the great historic pictures of the Wild West, stirring, genuine,

It was a magnificent plan on a magnificent scale, and it achieved instant success. The adventurous phases of

An exhibition which embodied so much of the historic and picturesque, which resurrected a whole

halfcentury of dead and dying events, events the most thrilling and dramatic in American history, naturally

stirred up the interest of the entire country. The actors, too, were historic charactersno weakling imitators,

The first presentation was given in May, 1883, at Omaha, Nebraska, the state Will had chosen for his home.

Since then it has visited nearly every large city on the civilized globe, and has been viewed by countless

thousandsmen, women, and children of every nationality. It will long hold a place in history.

The "grand entrance" alone has never failed to chain the interest of the onlooker. The furious galloping of the

Indian braves Sioux, Arapahoe, Brule, and Cheyenne, all in war paint and feathers; the free dash of the

Mexicans and cowboys, as they follow the Indians into line at breakneck speed; the blackbearded

Cossacks of the Czar's light cavalry; the Riffian Arabs on their desert thoroughbreds; a cohort from the

"Queen's Own" Lancers; troopers from the German Emperor's bodyguard; chasseurs and cuirassiers from the

crack cavalry regiments of European standing armies; detachments from the United States cavalry and

artillery; South American gauchos; Cuban veterans; Porto Ricans; Hawaiians; again frontiersmen, rough

riders, Texas rangersall plunging with dash and spirit into the open, each company followed by its

chieftain and its flag; forming into a solid square, tremulous with color; then a quicker note to the music; the

galloping hoofs of another horse, the finest of them all, and "Buffalo Bill," riding with the wonderful ease and

stately grace which only he who is "born to the saddle" can ever attain, enters under the flash of the

limelight, and sweeping off his sombrero, holds his head high, and with a ring of pride in his voice,

"Ladies and gentlemen, permit me to introduce to you a congress of the rough riders of the world."

As a child I wept over his disregard of the larger sphere predicted by the soothsayer; as a woman, I rejoice

that he was true to his own ideals, for he sits his horse with a natural grace much better suited to the saddle

From the very beginning the "Wild West" was an immense success. Three years were spent in traveling over

the United States; then Will conceived the idea of visiting England, and exhibiting to the mother race the wild

side of the child's life. This plan entailed enormous expense, but it was carried out successfully.

Still true to the state of his adoption, Will chartered the steamer "State of Nebraska," and on March 31, 1886

At Gravesend, England, the first sight to meet the eyes of the watchers on the steamer was a tug flying

American colors. Three ringing cheers saluted the beautiful emblem, and the band on the tug responded with

"The StarSpangled Banner." Not to be outdone, the cowboy band on the "State of Nebraska" struck up

"Yankee Doodle." The tug had been chartered by a company of Englishmen for the purpose of welcoming the

When the landing was made, the members of the Wild West company entered special coaches and were

whirled toward London. Then even the stolidity of the Indians was not proof against sights so little

resembling those to which they had been accustomed, and they showed their pleasure and appreciation by

Major John M. Burke had made the needed arrangements for housing the big show, and preparations on a

gigantic scale were rapidly pushed to please an impatient London public. More effort was made to produce

spectacular effects in the London amphitheater than is possible where a merely temporary staging is erected

for one day's exhibition. The arena was a third of a mile in circumference, and provided accommodation for

forty thousand spectators. Here, as at Manchester, where another great amphitheater was erected in the fall, to

serve as winter quarters, the artist's brush was called on to furnish illusions.

The English exhibited an eager interest in every feature of the exhibitionthe Indian wardances, the

bucking broncho, speedily subjected by the valorous cowboy, and the stagecoach attacked by Indians and

rescued by United States troops. The Indian village on the plains was also an object of dramatic interest to the

It is the hour of dawn. Scattered about the plains are various wild animals. Within their tents the Indians are

sleeping. Sunrise, and a friendly Indian tribe comes to visit the wakening warriors. A friendly dance is

executed, at the close of which a courier rushes in to announce the approach of a hostile tribe. These follow

almost at the courier's heels, and a sham battle occurs, which affords a good idea of the barbarity of Indian

A Puritan scene follows. The landing of the Pilgrims is shown, and the rescue of John Smith by Pocahontas.

This affords opportunity for delineating many interesting Indian customs on festive celebrations, such as

Again the prairie. A buffalolick is shown. The shaggy monsters come down to drink, and in pursuit of them

is "Buffalo Bill," mounted on his good horse "Charlie." He has been acting as guide for an emigrant party,

which soon appears. Campfires are lighted, supper is eaten, and the camp sinks into slumber with the

dwindling of the fires. Then comes a fine bit of stage illusion. A red glow is seen in the distance, faint at first,

but slowly deepening and broadening. It creeps along the whole horizon, and the camp is awakened by the

alarming intelligence that the prairie is on fire. The emigrants rush out, and heroically seek to fight back the

rushing, roaring flames. Wild animals, driven by the flames, dash through the camp, and a stampede follows.

The "Wild West" was received with enthusiasm, not only by the general public, but by royalty. Gladstone

made a call upon Will, in company with the Marquis of Lorne, and in return a lunch was tendered to the

"Grand Old Man" by the American visitors. In an afterdinner speech, the English statesman spoke in the

warmest terms of America. He thanked Will for the good he was doing in presenting to the English public a

picture of the wild life of the Western continent, which served to illustrate the difficulties encountered by a

The initial performance was before a royal party comprising the Prince and Princess of Wales and suite. At

the close of the exhibition the royal guests, at their own request, were presented to the members of the

company. Unprepared for this contingency, Will had forgotten to coach the performers in the correct method

of saluting royalty, and when the girl shots of the company were presented to the Princess of Wales, they

stepped forward in true democratic fashion and cordially offered their hands to the lovely woman who had

According to English usage, the Princess extends the hand, palm down, to favored guests, and these

reverently touch the fingertips and lift the hand to their lips. Perhaps the spontaneity of the American girls'

welcome was esteemed a pleasing variety to the established custom. At all events, her Highness, true to her

breeding, appeared not to notice any breach of etiquette, but took the proffered hands and shook them

The Indian camp was also visited, and Red Shirt, the great chief, was, like every one else, delighted with the

Princess. Through an interpreter the Prince expressed his pleasure over the performance of the braves, headed

by their great chief, and the Princess bade him welcome to England. Red Shirt had the Indian gift of oratory,

and he replied, in the unimpassioned speech for which the race is noted, that it made his heart glad to hear

During the round the Prince stopped in at Will's private quarters, and took much interest in his souvenirs,

being especially pleased with a magnificent goldhilted sword, presented to Will by officers of the United

This was not the only time the exhibition was honored by the visit of royalty. That the Prince of Wales was

sincere in his expression of enjoyment of the exhibition was evidenced by the report that he carried to his

mother, and shortly afterward a command came from Queen Victoria that the big show appear before her. It

was plainly impossible to take the "Wild West" to court; the next best thing was to construct a special box for

the use of her Majesty. This box was placed upon a dais covered with crimson velvet trimmings, and was

superbly decorated. When the Queen arrived and was driven around to the royal box, Will stepped forward as

she dismounted, and doffing his sombrero, made a low courtesy to the sovereign lady of Great Britain.

One of the first acts in the performance is to carry the flag to the front. This is done by a soldier, and is

introduced to the spectators as an emblem of a nation desirous of peace and friendship with all the world. On

this occasion it was borne directly before the Queen's box, and dipped three times in honor of her Majesty.

The action of the Queen surprised the company and the vast throng of spectators. Rising, she saluted the

American flag with a bow, and her suite followed her example, the gentlemen removing their hats. Will

acknowledged the courtesy by waving his sombrero about his head, and his delighted company with one

accord gave three ringing cheers that made the arena echo, assuring the spectators of the healthy condition of

The Queen's complaisance put the entire company on their mettle, and the performance was given

magnificently. At the close Queen Victoria asked to have Will presented to her, and paid him so many

compliments as almost to bring a blush to his bronzed cheek. Red Shirt was also presented, and informed her

Majesty that he had come across the Great Water solely to see her, and his heart was glad. This polite speech

discovered a streak in Indian nature that, properly cultivated, would fit the red man to shine as a courtier or

politician. Red Shirt walked away with the insouciance of a king dismissing an audience, and some of the

squaws came to display papooses to the Great White Lady. These children of nature were not the least awed

by the honor done them. They blinked at her Majesty as if the presence of queens was an incident of their

A second command from the Queen resulted in another exhibition before a number of her royal guests. The

kings of Saxony, Denmark, and Greece, the Queen of the Belgians, and the Crown Prince of Austria, with

The Deadwood coach was peculiarly honored. This is a coach with a history. It was built in Concord, New

Hampshire, and sent to the Pacific Coast to run over a trail infested by road agents. A number of times was it

held up and the passengers robbed, and finally both driver and passengers were killed and the coach

abandoned on the trail, as no one could be found who would undertake to drive it. It remained derelict for a

long time, but was at last brought into San Francisco by an old stagedriver and placed on the Overland trail.

It gradually worked its way eastward to the Deadwood route, and on this line figured in a number of

encounters with Indians. Again were driver and passengers massacred, and again was the coach abandoned.

Will ran across it on one of his scouting expeditions, and recognizing its value as an adjunct to his exhibition,

One of the incidents of the Wild West, as all remember, is an Indian attack on the Deadwood coach. The

royal visitors wished to put themselves in the place of the traveling public in the Western regions of America;

so the four potentates of Denmark, Saxony, Greece, and Austria became the passengers, and the Prince of

Wales sat on the box with Will. The Indians had been secretly instructed to "whoop 'em up" on this

interesting occasion, and they followed energetically the letter of their instructions. The coach was

surrounded by a demoniac band, and the blank cartridges were discharged in such close proximity to the

coach windows that the passengers could easily imagine themselves to be actual Western travelers. Rumor

hath it that they sought refuge under the seats, and probably no one would blame them if they did; but it is

When the wild ride was over, the Prince of Wales, who admires the American national game of poker, turned

"I have held four kings more than once," was the prompt reply; "but, your Highness, I never held four kings

The Prince laughed heartily; but Will's sympathy went out to him when he found that he was obliged to

In recognition of this performance, the Prince of Wales sent Will a handsome souvenir. It consisted of his

feathered crest, outlined in diamonds, and bearing the motto "_Ich dien_," worked in jewels underneath. An

accompanying note expressed the pleasure of the royal visitors over the novel exhibition.

Upon another occasion the Princess of Wales visited the show incognito, first advising Will of her intention;

and at the close of the performance assured him that she had spent a delightful evening.

The set performances of the "Wild West" were punctuated by social entertainments. James G. Blaine,

Chauncey M. Depew, Murat Halstead, and other prominent Americans were in London at the time, and in

their honor Will issued invitations to a ribroast breakfast prepared in Indian style. Fully one hundred guests

gathered in the "Wild West's" diningtent at nine o'clock of June 10, 1887. Besides the novel decorations of

the tent, it was interesting to watch the Indian cooks putting the finishing touches to their roasts. A hole had

been dug in the ground, a large tripod erected over it, and upon this the ribs of beef were suspended. The fire

was of logs, burned down to a bed of glowing coals, and over these the meat was turned around and around

until it was cooked to a nicety. This method of openair cooking over wood imparts to the meat a flavor that

The breakfast was unconventional. Part of the bill of fare was hominy, "Wild West" pudding, popcorn, and

peanuts. The Indians squatted on the straw at the end of the diningtables, and ate from their fingers or

speared the meat with long white sticks. The striking contrast of table manners was an interesting

The breakfast was a novelty to the Americans who partook of it, and they enjoyed it thoroughly.

Will was made a social lion during his stay in London, being dined and feted upon various occasions. Only a

man of the most rugged health could have endured the strain of his daily performances united with his social

The London season was triumphantly closed with a meeting for the establishing of a court of arbitration to

After leaving the English metropolis the exhibition visited Birmingham, and thence proceeded to its winter

headquarters in Manchester. Arta, Will's elder daughter, accompanied him to England, and made a

The sojourn in Manchester was another ovation. The prominent men of the city proposed to present to Will a

fine rifle, and when the news of the plan was carried to London, a company of noblemen, statesmen, and

journalists ran down to Manchester by special car. In acknowledgment of the honor done him, Will issued

invitations for another of his unique American entertainments. Boston pork and beans, Maryland fried

chicken, hominy, and popcorn were served, and there were other distinctly American dishes. An Indian

ribroast was served on tin plates, and the distinguished guests enjoyedor said they didthe novelty of

eating it from their fingers, in true aboriginal fashion. This remarkable meal evoked the heartiest of toasts to

the American flag, and a poem, a parody on "Hiawatha," added luster to the occasion.

The Prince of Wales was Grand Master of the Free Masons of England, which order presented a gold watch

to Will during his stay in Manchester. The last performance in this city was given on May 1, 1887, and as a

good by to Will the spectators united in a rousing chorus of "For he's a jolly good fellow!" The closing

exhibition of the English season occurred at Hull, and immediately afterward the company sailed for home on

the "Persian Monarch." An immense crowd gathered on the quay, and shouted a cordial "bon voyage."

One sad event occurred on the homeward voyage, the death of "Old Charlie," Will's gallant and faithful

He was a halfblood Kentucky horse, and had been Will's constant and unfailing companion for many years

He was an animal of almost human intelligence, extraordinary speed, endurance, and fidelity. When he was

quite young Will rode him on a hunt for wild horses, which he ran down after a chase of fifteen miles. At

another time, on a wager of five hundred dollars that he could ride him over the prairie one hundred miles in

When the "Wild West" was opened at Omaha, Charlie was the star horse, and held that position at all the

exhibitions in this country and in Europe. In London the horse attracted a full share of attention, and many

scions of royalty solicited the favor of riding him. Grand Duke Michael of Russia rode Charlie several times

in chase of the herd of buffaloes in the "Wild West," and became quite attached to him.

On the morning of the 14th Will made his usual visit to Charlie, between decks. Shortly after the groom

reported him sick. He grew rapidly worse, in spite of all the care he received, and at two o'clock on the

morning of the 17th he died. His death cast an air of sadness over the whole ship, and no human being could

have had more sincere mourners than the faithful and sagacious old horse. He was brought on deck wrapped

in canvas and covered with the American flag. When the hour for the ocean burial arrived, the members of

the company and others assembled on deck. Standing alone with uncovered head beside the dead was the one

whose life the noble animal had shared so long. At length, with choking utterance, Will spoke, and Charlie

for the first time failed to hear the familiar voice he had always been so prompt to obey:

"Old fellow, your journeys are over. Here in the ocean you must rest. Would that I could take you back and

lay you down beneath the billows of that prairie you and I have loved so well and roamed so freely; but it

cannot be. How often at break of day, the glorious sun rising on the horizon has found us far from human

habitation! Yet, obedient to my call, gladly you bore your burden on, little heeding what the day might bring,

so that you and I but shared its sorrows and pleasures alike. You have never failed me. Ah, Charlie, old

fellow, I have had many friends, but few of whom I could say that. Rest entombed in the deep bosom of the

ocean! I'll never forget you. I loved you as you loved me, my dear old Charlie. Men tell me you have no soul;

but if there be a heaven, and scouts can enter there, I'll wait at the gate for you, old friend."

On this homeward trip Will made the acquaintance of a clergyman returning from a vacation spent in Europe.

When they neared the American coast this gentleman prepared a telegram to send to his congregation. It read

simply: "2 John i. 12." Chancing to see it, Will's interest was aroused, and he asked the clergyman to explain

the significance of the reference, and when this was done he said: "I have a religious sister at home who

knows the Bible so well that I will wire her that message and she will not need to look up the meaning."

He duplicated to me, as his return greeting, the minister's telegram to his congregation, but I did not justify

his high opinion of my Biblical knowledge. I was obliged to search the Scriptures to unravel the enigma. As

there may be others like me, but who have not the incentive I had to look up the reference, I quote from God's

word the message I received: "Having many things to write unto you, I would not write with paper and ink;

but I trust to come unto you, and speak face to face, that our joy may be full."

WHEN the "Wild West" returned to America from its first venture across seas, the sail up the harbor was

"The harbor probably has never witnessed a more picturesque scene than that of yesterday, when the `Persian

Monarch' steamed up from quarantine. Buffalo Bill stood on the captain's bridge, his tall and striking figure

clearly outlined, and his long hair waving in the wind; the gayly painted and blanketed Indians leaned over

the ship's rail; the flags of all nations fluttered from the masts and connecting cables. The cowboy band

played `Yankee Doodle' with a vim and enthusiasm which faintly indicated the joy felt by everybody

Will had been cordially welcomed by our English cousins, and had been the recipient of many social favors,

but no amount of foreign flattery could change him one hair from an "American of the Americans," and he

experienced a thrill of delight as he again stepped foot upon his native land. Shortly afterward he was much

pleased by a letter from William T. Sherman so greatly prized that it was framed, and now hangs on the

"_Dear Sir_: In common with all your countrymen, I want to let you know that I am not only gratified but

proud of your management and success. So far as I can make out, you have been modest, graceful, and

dignified in all you have done to illustrate the history of civilization on this continent during the past century.

I am especially pleased with the compliment paid you by the Prince of Wales, who rode with you in the

Deadwood coach while it was attacked by Indians and rescued by cowboys. Such things did occur in our

"As nearly as I can estimate, there were in 1865 about nine and onehalf million of buffaloes on the plains

between the Missouri River and the Rocky Mountains; all are now gone, killed for their meat, their skins, and

their bones. This seems like desecration, cruelty, and murder, yet they have been replaced by twice as many

cattle. At that date there were about 165,000 Pawnees, Sioux, Cheyennes, and Arapahoes, who depended

upon these buffaloes for their yearly food. They, too, have gone, but they have been replaced by twice or

thrice as many white men and women, who have made the earth to blossom as the rose, and who can be

counted, taxed, and governed by the laws of nature and civilization. This change has been salutary, and will

go on to the end. You have caught one epoch of this country's history, and have illustrated it in the very heart

of the modern world London, and I want you to feel that on this side of the water we appreciate it.

"This drama must end; days, years, and centuries follow fast; even the drama of civilization must have an

end. All I aim to accomplish on this sheet of paper is to assure you that I fully recognize your work. The

presence of the Queen, the beautiful Princess of Wales, the Prince, and the British public are marks of favor

which reflect back on America sparks of light which illuminate many a house and cabin in the land where

once you guided me honestly and faithfully, in 186566, from Fort Riley to Kearny, in Kansas and Nebraska.

Having demonstrated to his satisfaction that the largest measure of success lay in a stationary exhibition of

his show, where the population was large enough to warrant it, Will purchased a tract of land on Staten

Island, and here he landed on his return from England. Teamsters for miles around had been engaged to

transport the outfit across the island to Erastina, the site chosen for the exhibition. And you may be certain

that Cut Meat, American Bear, Flat Iron, and the other Indians furnished unlimited joy to the ubiquitous small

The summer season at this point was a great success. One incident connected with it may be worth the

Teachers everywhere have recognized the value of the "Wild West" exhibition as an educator, and in a

number of instances public schools have been dismissed to afford the children an opportunity of attending the

entertainment. It has not, however, been generally recognized as a spur to religious progress, yet, while at

Staten Island, Will was invited to exhibit a band of his Indians at a missionary meeting given under the

auspices of a large mission Sundayschool. He appeared with his warriors, who were expected to give one of

The meeting was largely attended, and every one, children especially, waited for the exercises in excited

curiosity and interest. Will sat on the platform with the superintendent, pastor, and others in authority, and

The service began with a hymn and the reading of the Scriptures; then, to Will's horror, the superintendent

requested him to lead the meeting in prayer. Perhaps the good man fancied that Will for a score of years had

fought Indians with a rifle in one hand and a prayerbook in the other, and was as prepared to pray as to

shoot. At least he surely did not make his request with the thought of embarrassing Will, though that was the

natural result. However, Will held holy things in deepest reverence; he had the spirit of Gospel if not the

letter; so, rising, he quietly and simply, with bowed head, repeated the Lord's Prayer.

A winter exhibition under roof was given in New York, after which the show made a tour of the principal

cities of the United States. Thus passed several years, and then arrangements were made for a grand

Continental trip. A plan had been maturing in Will's mind ever since the British season, and in the spring of

The steamer "Persian Monarch" was again chartered, and this time its prow was turned toward the shores of

France. Paris was the destination, and seven months were passed in the gay capital. The Parisians received

the show with as much enthusiasm as did the Londoners, and in Paris as well as in the English metropolis

everything American became a fad during the stay of the "Wild West." Even American books were reada

crucial test of faddism; and American curios were displayed in all the shops. Relics from American plain and

mountainbuffalorobes, bearskins, buckskin suits embroidered with porcupine quills, Indian blankets,

woven mats, bows and arrows, beadmats, Mexican bridles and saddles sold like the proverbial hot cakes.

In Paris, also, Will became a social favorite, and had he accepted a tenth of the invitations to receptions,

dinners, and balls showered upon him, he would have been obliged to close his show.

While in this city Will accepted an invitation from Rosa Bonheur to visit her at her superb chateau, and in

return for the honor he extended to her the freedom of his stables, which contained magnificent horses used

for transportation purposes, and which never appeared in the public performancePercherons, of the breed

depicted by the famous artist in her wellknown painting of "The Horse Fair." Day upon day she visited the

camp and made studies, and as a token of her appreciation of the courtesy, painted a picture of Will mounted

on his favorite horse, both horse and rider bedecked with frontier paraphernalia. This souvenir, which holds

"During the time that Colonel Cody was making his triumphant tour of Europe, I was one night seated at a

banquet next to the Belgian Consul. Early in the course of the conversation he asked:

" `Vy, Bouffalo Beel, ze famous Bouffalo Beel, zat grreat countryman of yours. You must know him.'

"After a moment's thought, I recognized the wellknown showman's name in its disguise. I comprehended

that the good Belgian thought his to be one of America's most eminent names, to be mentioned in the same

After leaving Paris, a short tour of Southern France was made, and at Marseilles a vessel was chartered to

transport the company to Spain. The Spanish grandees eschewed their favorite amusement the

bullfightlong enough to give a hearty welcome to the "Wild West." Next followed a tour of Italy; and the

The Americans reached the Eternal City at the time of Pope Leo's anniversary celebration, and, on the Pope's

invitation, Will visited the Vatican. Its historic walls have rarely, if ever, looked upon a more curious sight

than was presented when Will walked in, followed by the cowboys in their buckskins and sombreros and the

Indians in war paint and feathers. Around them crowded a motley throng of Italians, clad in the brilliant

colors so loved by these children of the South, and nearly every nationality was represented in the

Some of the cowboys and Indians had been reared in the Catholic faith, and when the Pope appeared they

knelt for his blessing. He seemed touched by this action on the part of those whom he might be disposed to

regard as savages, and bending forward, extended his hands and pronounced a benediction; then he passed

on, and it was with the greatest difficulty that the Indians were restrained from expressing their emotions in a

wild whoop. This, no doubt, would have relieved them, but it would, in all probability, have stampeded the

When the Pope reached Will he looked admiringly upon the frontiersman. The worldknown scout bent his

head before the aged "Medicine Man," as the Indians call his reverence, the Papal blessing was again

bestowed, and the procession passed on. The Thanksgiving Mass, with its fine choral accompaniment, was

"I'll take my stalwart Indian braves Down to the Coliseum And the old Romans from their graves Will all

arise to see 'em. Praetors and censors will return And hasten through the Forum The ghostly Senate will

"And up the ancient Appian Way Will flock the ghostly legions From Gaul unto Calabria, And from remoter

regions; From British bay and wild lagoon, And Libyan desert sandy, They'll all come marching to the tune

"Prepare triumphal cars for me, And purple thrones to sit on, For I've done more than Julius C. He could

not down the Briton! Caesar and Cicero shall bow And ancient warriors famous, Before the myrtlewreathed

"We march, unwhipped, through history No bulwark can detain us And link the age of Grover C. And

Scipio Africanus. I'll take my stalwart Indian braves Down to the Coliseum, And the old Romans from their

It may be mentioned in passing that Will had visited the Coliseum with an eye to securing it as an

amphitheater for the "Wild West" exhibition, but the historic ruin was too dilapidated to be a safe arena for

The sojourn in Rome was enlivened by an incident that created much interest among the natives. The Italians

were somewhat skeptical as to the abilities of the cowboys to tame wild horses, believing the bronchos in the

show were specially trained for their work, and that the horsebreaking was a mock exhibition.

The Prince of Sermonetta declared that he had some wild horses in his stud which no cowboys in the world

could ride. The challenge was promptly taken up by the daring riders of the plains, and the Prince sent for his

wild steeds. That they might not run amuck and injure the spectators, specially prepared booths of great

The greatest interest and enthusiasm were manifested by the populace, and the death of two or three members

of the company was as confidently looked for as was the demise of sundry gladiators in the "brave days of

But the cowboys laughed at so great a fuss over so small a matter, and when the horses were driven into the

arena, and the spectators held their breath, the cowboys, lassos in hand, awaited the work with the utmost

The wild equines sprang into the air, darted hither and thither, and fought hard against their certain fate, but

in less time than would be required to give the details, the cowboys had flung their lassos, caught the horses,

and saddled and mounted them. The spirited beasts still resisted, and sought in every way to throw their

riders, but the experienced plainsmen had them under control in a very short time; and as they rode them

around the arena, the spectators rose and howled with delight. The display of horsemanship effectually

silenced the skeptics; it captured the Roman heart, and the remainder of the stay in the city was attended by

Beautiful Florence, practical Bologna, and stately Milan, with its manyspired cathedral, were next on the list

for the triumphal march. For the Venetian public the exhibition had to be given at Verona, in the historic

amphitheater built by Diocletian, A. D. '90. This is the largest building in the world, and within the walls of

this representative of Old World civilization the difficulties over which New World civilization had

triumphed were portrayed. Here met the old and new; hoary antiquity and bounding youth kissed each other

The "Wild West" now moved northward, through the Tyrol, to Munich, and from here the Americans

digressed for an excursion on the "beautiful blue Danube." Then followed a successful tour of Germany.

During this Continental circuit Will's elder daughter, Arta, who had accompanied him on his British

expedition, was married. It was impossible for the father to be present, but by cablegram he sent his

IN view of the success achieved by my brother, it is remarkable that he excited so little envy. Now for the

first time in his life he felt the breath of slander on his cheek, and it flushed hotly. From an idle remark that

the Indians in the "Wild West" exhibition were not properly treated, the idle gossip grew to the proportion of

malicious and insistent slander. The Indians being government wards, such a charge might easily become a

serious matter; for, like the man who beat his wife, the government believes it has the right to maltreat the red

A winter campaign of the "Wild West" had been contemplated, but the project was abandoned and winter

quarters decided on. In the quaint little village of Benfield was an ancient nunnery and a castle, with good

stables. Here Will left the company in charge of his partner, Mr. Nate Salisbury, and, accompanied by the

Indians for whose welfare he was responsible, set sail for America, to silence his calumniators.

The testimony of the red men themselves was all that was required to refute the notorious untruths. Few had

As the sequel proved, Will came home very opportunely. The Sioux in Dakota were again on the warpath,

and his help was needed to subdue the uprising. He disbanded the warriors he had brought back from Europe,

and each returned to his own tribe and people, to narrate around the campfire the wonders of the life abroad,

while Will reported at headquarters to offer his services for the war. Two years previously he had been

honored by the commission of BrigadierGeneral of the Nebraska National Guard, which rank and title were

The officer in command of the Indian campaign was General Nelson A. Miles, who has rendered so many

important services to his country, and who, as CommanderinChief of our army, played so large a part in

the recent war with Spain. At the time of the Indian uprising he held the rank of BrigadierGeneral.

This brilliant and able officer was much pleased when he learned that he would have Will's assistance in

conducting the campaign, for he knew the value of his good judgment, cool head, and executive ability, and

The "Wild West," which had served as an educator to the people of Europe in presenting the frontier life of

America, had quietly worked as important educational influences in the minds of the Indians connected with

the exhibition. They had seen for themselves the wonders of the world's civilization; they realized how futile

were the efforts of the children of the plains to stem the resistless tide of progress flowing westward.

Potentates had delighted to do honor to Pahaska, the Longhaired Chief, and in the eyes of the simple

savage he was as powerful as any of the great ones of earth. To him his word was law; it seemed worse than

folly for their brethren to attempt to cope with so mighty a chief, therefore their influence was all for peace;

and the fact that so many tribes did not join in the uprising may be attributed, in part, to their good counsel

General Miles was both able and energetic, and managed the campaign in masterly fashion. There were one

or two hardfought battles, in one of which the great Sioux warrior, Sitting Bull, the ablest that nation ever

produced, was slain. This Indian had traveled with Will for a time, but could not be weaned from his loyalty

to his own tribe and a desire to avenge upon the white man the wrongs inflicted on his people.

What promised at the outset to be a long and cruel frontier war was speedily quelled. The death of Sitting

Bull had something to do with the termination of hostilities. Arrangements for peace were soon perfected,

and Will attributed the government's success to the energy of its officer in command, for whom he has a most

"I have been in many campaigns with General Miles, and a better general and more gifted warrior I have

never seen. I served in the Civil War, and in any number of Indian wars; I have been under at least a dozen

generals, with whom I have been thrown in close contact because of the nature of the services which I was

"I have known Phil Sheridan, Tecumseh Sherman, Hancock, and all of our noted Indian fighters. For cool

judgment and thorough knowledge of all that pertains to military affairs, none of them, in my opinion, can be

"Ah, what a man he is! I know. We have been shoulder to shoulder in many a hard march. We have been

together when men find out what their comrades really are. He is a man, every inch of him, and the best

After Miles was put in command of the forces, a dinner was given in his honor by John Chamberlin. Will was

a guest and one of the speakers, and took the opportunity to eulogize his old friend. He dwelt at length on the

"No foreign invader will ever set foot on these shores as long as General Miles is at the head of the army. If

While Will was away at the seat of war, his beautiful home in North Platte, "Welcome Wigwam," burned to

the ground. The little city is not equipped with much of a fire department, but a volunteer brigade held the

flames in check long enough to save almost the entire contents of the house, among which were many

Will received a telegram announcing that his house was ablaze, and his reply was characteristic:

When the frontier war was ended and the troops disbanded, Will made application for another company of

Indians to take back to Europe with him. Permission was obtained from the government, and the contingent

from the friendly tribes was headed by chiefs named Long Wolf, No Neck, Yankton Charlie, and Black

Heart. In addition to these a company was recruited from among the Indians held as hostages by General

Miles at Fort Sheridan, and the leaders of these hostile braves were such noted chiefs as Short Bull, Kicking

Bear, Lone Bull, Scatter, and Revenge. To these the trip to AlsaceLorraine was a revelation, a fairytale

more wonderful than anything in their legendary lore. The ocean voyage, with its seasickness, put them in an

ugly mood, but the sight of the encampment and the cowboys dissipated their sullenness, and they shortly felt

at home. The hospitality extended to all the members of the company by the inhabitants of the village in

which they wintered was most cordial, and left them the pleasantest of memories.

An extended tour of Europe was fittingly closed by a brief visit to England. The Britons gave the "Wild

West" as hearty a welcome as if it were native to their heath. A number of the larger cities were visited,

Royalty again honored the "Wild West" by its attendance, the Queen requesting a special performance on the

grounds of Windsor Castle. The requests of the Queen are equivalent to commands, and the entertainment

was duly given. As a token of her appreciation the Queen bestowed upon Will a costly and beautiful

Not the leastesteemed remembrance of this London visit was an illuminated address presented by the

English Workingman's Convention. In it the American plainsman was congratulated upon the honors he had

won, the success he had achieved, and the educational worth of his great exhibition. A banquet followed, at

Notwithstanding tender thoughts of home, English soil was left regretfully. To the "Wild West" the

complacent Briton had extended a cordial welcome, and manifested an enthusiasm that contrasted strangely

A singular coincidence of the homeward voyage was the death of Billy, another favorite horse of Will's.

EUROPEAN army officers of all nationalities regarded my brother with admiring interest. To German,

French, Italian, or British eyes he was a commanding personality, and also the representative of a peculiar

and interesting phase of New World life. Recalling their interest in his scenes from his native land, so unlike

anything to be found in Europe today, Will invited a number of these officers to accompany him on an

All that could possibly do so accepted the invitation. A date was set for them to reach Chicago, and from

When the party gathered, several prominent Americans were of the number. By General Miles's order a

military escort attended them from Chicago, and the native soldiery remained with them until North Platte

Then the party proceeded to "Scout's Rest Ranch," where they were hospitably entertained for a couple of

At Denver ammunition and supplies were taken on board the train. A French chef was also engaged, as Will

feared his distinguished guests might not enjoy campfare. But a hen in water is no more out of place than a

French cook on a "roughingit" trip. Frontier cooks, who understand primitive methods, make no attempt at a

fashionable cuisine, and the appetites developed by openair life are equal to the rudest, most substantial

Colorado Springs, the Garden of the Gods, and other places in Colorado were visited. The foreign visitors

had heard stories of this wonderland of America, but, like all of nature's masterpieces, the rugged beauties of

this magnificent region defy an adequate description. Only one who has seen a sunrise on the Alps can

appreciate it. The storied Rhine is naught but a story to him who has never looked upon it. Niagara is only a

waterfall until seen from various viewpoints, and its tremendous force and transcendent beauty are

strikingly revealed. The same is true of the glorious wildness of our Western scenery; it must be seen to be

The most beautiful thing about the Garden of the Gods is the entrance known as the Gateway. Color here runs

riot. The mass of rock in the foreground is white, and stands out in sharp contrast to the rich red of the

sandstone of the portals, which rise on either side to a height of three hundred feet. Through these giant

portals, which in the sunlight glow with ruddy fire, is seen mass upon mass of gorgeous color, rendered more

striking by the dazzling whiteness of Pike's Peak, which soars upward in the distance, a hoary sentinel of the

skies. The whole picture is limned against the brilliant blue of the Colorado sky, and stands out sharp and

The name "Garden of the Gods" was doubtless applied because of the peculiar shape of the spires, needles,

and basilicas of rock that rise in every direction. These have been corroded by storms and worn smooth by

time, until they present the appearance of halfbaked images of clay molded by human hands, instead of

sandstone rocks fashioned by wind and weather. Each grotesque and fantastic shape has received a name.

One is here introduced to the "Washerwoman," the "Lady of the Garden," the "Siamese Twins," and the "Ute

God," and besides these may be seen the "Wreck," the "Baggage Room," the "Eagle," and the "Mushroom."

The predominating tone is everywhere red, but black, brown, drab, white, yellow, buff, and pink rocks add

their quota to make up a harmonious and striking color scheme, to which the gray and green of clinging

At Flagstaff, Arizona, the train was discarded for the saddle and the buckboard. And now Will felt himself

quite in his element; it was a neverfailing pleasure to him to guide a large party of guests over plain and

mountain. From long experience he knew how to make ample provision for their comfort. There were a

number of wagons filled with supplies, three buckboards, three ambulances, and a drove of ponies. Those

who wished to ride horseback could do so; if they grew tired of a bucking broncho, opportunity for rest

awaited them in ambulance or buckboard. The French chef found his occupation gone when it was a question

of cooking over a campfire; so he spent his time picking himself up when dislodged by his broncho. The

daintiness of his menu was not a correct gauge for the daintiness of his language on these numerous

Through the Grand Canon of the Colorado Will led the party, and the dwellers of the Old World beheld some

of the rugged magnificence of the New. Across rushing rivers, through quiet valleys, and over lofty

mountains they proceeded, pausing on the borders of peaceful lakes, or looking over dizzy precipices into

There was no lack of game to furnish variety to their table; mountain sheep, mountain lions, wildcats, deer,

elk, antelope, and even coyotes and porcupines, were shot, while the rivers furnished an abundance of fish.

It seemed likely at one time that there might be a hunt of bigger game than any here mentioned, for in

crossing the country of the Navajos the party was watched and followed by mounted Indians. An attack was

feared, and had the red men opened fire, there would have been a very animated defense; but the suspicious

Indians were merely on the alert to see that no trespass was committed, and when the orderly company passed

The visitors were much impressed with the vastness and the undeveloped resources of our country. They

were also impressed with the climate, as the thermometer went down to forty degrees below zero while they

were on Buckskin Mountain. Nature seemed to wish to aid Will in the effort to exhibit novelties to his foreign

guests, for she tried her hand at some spectacular effects, and succeeded beyond mortal expectation. She

treated them to a few blizzards; and shut in by the mass of whirling, blinding snowflakes, it is possible their

thoughts reverted with a homesick longing to the sunny slopes of France, the placid vales of Germany, or the

On the summit of San Francisco Mountain, the horse of Major St. John Mildmay lost its footing, and began to

slip on the ice toward a precipice which looked down a couple of thousand feet. Will saw the danger, brought

out his everready lasso, and dexterously caught the animal in time to save it and its rider a feat considered

Accidents happened occasionally, many adventures were met with, Indian alarms were given, and narrow

were some of the escapes. On the whole, it was a remarkable trail, and was written about under the heading,

At Salt Lake City the party broke up, each going his separate way. All expressed great pleasure in the trip,

and united in the opinion that Buffalo Bill's reputation as guide and scout was a welldeserved one.

Will's knowledge of Indian nature stands him in good stead when he desires to select the quota of Indians for

the summer season of the "Wild West." He sends word ahead to the tribe or reservation which he intends to

visit. The red men have all heard of the wonders of the great show; they are more than ready to share in the

Will stands on a temporary platform in the center of the group. He looks around upon the swarthy faces,

glowing with all the eagerness which the stolid Indian nature will permit them to display. It is not always the

tallest nor the most comely men who are selected. The unerring judgment of the scout, trained in Indian

warfare, tells him who may be relied upon and who are untrustworthy. A face arrests his attentionwith a

motion of his hand he indicates the brave whom he has selected; another wave of the hand and the fate of a

second warrior is settled. Hardly a word is spoken, and it is only a matter of a few moments' time before he is

ready to step down from his exalted position and walk off with his full contingent of warriors following

The "Wild West" had already engaged space just outside the World's Fair grounds for an exhibit in 1893, and

Will was desirous of introducing some new and striking feature. He had succeeded in presenting to the people

of Europe some new ideas, and, in return, the European trip had furnished to him the muchdesired novelty.

He had performed the work of an educator in showing to Old World residents the conditions of a new

civilization, and the idea was now conceived of showing to the world gathered at the arena in Chicago a

representation of the cosmopolitan military force. He called it "A Congress of the Rough Riders of the

To the Indians and cowboys were added Mexicans, Cossacks, and South Americans, with regular trained

cavalry from Germany, France, England, and the United States. This aggregation showed for the first time in

1893, and was an instantaneous success. Of it Opie Read gives a fine description:

"Morse made the two worlds touch the tips of their fingers together. Cody has made the warriors of all

"In one act we see the Indian, with his origin shrouded in history's mysterious fog; the

cowboynervestrung product of the New World; the American soldier, the dark Mexican, the glittering

soldier of Germany, the dashing cavalryman of France, the impulsive Irish dragoon, and that strange, swift

"Marvelous theatric display, a drama with scarcely a word Europe, Asia, Africa, America in panoramic

In 1893 the horizon of my brother's interests enlarged. In July of that year I was married to Mr. Hugh A.

Wetmore, editor of the Duluth _Press_. My steps now turned to the North, and the enterprising young city on

the shore of Lake Superior became my home. During the long years of my widowhood my brother always

bore toward me the attitude of guardian and protector; I could rely upon his support in any venture I deemed

a promising one, and his considerate thoughtfulness did not fail when I remarried. He wished to see me well

established in my new home; he desired to insure my happiness and prosperity, and with this end in view he

purchased the Duluth _Press_ plant, erected a fine brick building to serve as headquarters for the newspaper

My brother had not yet seen the Zenith City. So in January of 1894 he arranged to make a short visit to

Duluth. We issued invitations for a general reception, and the response was of the genuine Western kind

eighteen hundred guests assembling in the new Duluth _Press_ Building to bid welcome and do honor to the

His name is a household word, and there is a growing demand for anecdotes concerning him. As he does not

like to talk about himself, chroniclers have been compelled to interview his associates, or are left to their own

resources. Like many of the stories told about Abraham Lincoln, some of the current yarns about Buffalo Bill

are of doubtful authority. Nevertheless, a collection of those that are authentic would fill a volume. Almost

every plainsman or soldier who met my brother during the Indian campaigns can tell some interesting tale

about him that has never been printed. During the youthful season of redundant hope and happiness many of

his ebullitions of wit were lost, but he was always beloved for his good humor, which no amount of carnage

could suppress. He was not averse to churchgoing, though he was liable even in church to be carried away

by the rollicking spirit that was in him. Instance his visit to the little temple which he had helped to build at

His wife and sister were in the congregation, and this ought not only to have kept him awake, but it should

have insured perfect decorum on his part. The opening hymn commenced with the words, "Oh, for a thousand

tongues to sing," etc. The organist, who played "by ear," started the tune in too high a key to be followed by

the choir and congregation, and had to try again. A second attempt ended, like the first, in failure. "Oh, for a

thousand tongues to sing, my blest" came the opening words for the third time, followed by a squeak from

the organ, and a relapse into painful silence. Will could contain himself no longer, and blurted out: "Start it at

Another church episode occurred during the visit of the "Wild West" to the Atlanta Exposition. A locally

celebrated colored preacher had announced that he would deliver a sermon on the subject of Abraham

Lincoln. A party of white people, including my brother, was made up, and repaired to the church to listen to

the eloquent address. Not wishing to make themselves conspicuous, the white visitors took a pew in the

extreme rear, but one of the ushers, wishing to honor them, insisted on conducting them to a front seat. When

the contribution platter came around, our hero scooped a lot of silver dollars from his pocket and deposited

them upon the plate with such force that the receptacle was tilted and its contents poured in a jingling shower

upon the floor. The preacher left his pulpit to assist in gathering up the scattered treasure, requesting the

congregation to sing a hymn of thanksgiving while the task was being performed. At the conclusion of the

hymn the sable divine returned to the pulpit and supplemented his sermon with the following remarks:

"Brudderen an' sisters: I obsahve dat Co'nel and Gen'l Buflo Bill am present. [A roar of "Amens" and "Bless

God's" arose from the audience.] You will wifhold yuh Amens till I git froo. You all owes yuh freedom to

Abraham's bosom, but he couldn't hab went an' gone an' done it widout Buflo Bill, who he'ped him wid de

sinnoose ob wah! Abraham Lincum was de brack man's fren'Buflo Bill am de fren' ob us all. ["Amen!"

screamed a sister.] Yes, sistah, he am yo' fren', moreova, an' de fren' ob every daughtah ob Jakup likewise. De

chu'ch debt am a cross to us, an' to dat cross he bends his back as was prefigu'd in de scriptu's ob ol', De sun

may move, aw de sun mought stan' still, but Buflo Bill nebba stan's still he's ma'ching froo Geo'gia wid his

Christian cowboys to sto'm de Lookout Mountain ob Zion. Deacon Green Henry Turner will lead us in

The following is one of Will's own stories: During the first years of his career as an actor Will had in one of

his theatrical companies a Westerner named Broncho Bill. There were Indians in the troupe, and a certain

missionary had joined the aggregation to look after the morals of the Indians. Thinking that Broncho Bill

would bear a little looking after also, the good man secured a seat by his side at the dinnertable, and

While on his European tour Will was entertained by a great many potentates. At a certain dinner given in his

honor by a wealthy English lord, Will met for the first time socially a number of blustering British officers,

fresh from India. One of them addressed himself to the scout as follows: "I understand you are a colonel. You

Americans are blawsted fond of military titles, don't cherneow. By gad, sir, we'll have to come over and give

"What, again?" said the scout, so meekly that for an instant his assailant did not know how hard he was hit,

Before closing these pages I will give an account of an episode which occurred during the Black Hills gold

excitement, and which illustrates the faculty my hero possesses of adapting himself to all emergencies. Mr.

Mahan, of West Superior, Wisconsin, and a party of adventurous goldseekers were being chased by a band

of Indians, which they had succeeded in temporarily eluding. They met Buffalo Bill at the head of a squad of

soldiers who were looking for redskins. The situation was explained to the scout, whereupon he said:

"I am looking for that identical crowd. Now, you draw up in line, and I will look you over and pick out the

Without any questioning he was able to select the men who really wanted to return and fight the Indians. He

left but two behind, but they were the ones who would have been of no assistance had they been allowed to

go to the front. Will rode some distance in advance of his party, and when the Indians sighted him, they

thought he was alone, and made a dash for him. Will whirled about and made his horse go as if fleeing for his

life. His men had been carefully ambushed. The Indians kept up a constant firing, and when he reached a

certain point Will pretended to be hit, and fell from his horse. On came the Indians, howling like a choir of

maniacs. The next moment they were in a trap, and Will and his men opened fire on them, literally

annihilating the entire squad. It was the Indian style of warfare, and the ten "good Indians" left upon the field,

Will continued the march, and as the day was well advanced, began looking for a good place to camp.

Arriving at the top of a ridge overlooking a little river, Will saw a spot where he had camped on a previous

expedition; but, to his great disappointment, the place was in possession of a large village of hostiles, who

were putting up their tepees, building camp fires, and making themselves comfortable for the coming night.

Quick as a flash Will decided what to do. "There are too many of them for us to whip in the tired condition of

ourselves and horses," said our hero. Then he posted his men along the top of the ridge, with instructions to

show themselves at a signal from him, and descended at once, solitary and alone, to the encampment of

hostiles. Gliding rapidly up to the chief, Will addressed him in his own dialect as follows:

"I want you to leave here right away, quick! I don't want to kill your women and children. A big lot of

soldiers are following me, and they will destroy your whole village if you are here when they come."

As he waved his hand in the direction of the hilltop, brass buttons and polished gunbarrels began to glitter in

the rays of the setting sun, and the chief ordered his braves to fold their tents and move on.

SINCE 1893 the "Wild West" exhibitions have been restricted to the various cities of our own land. Life in

"Buffalo Bill's Tented City," as it is called, is like life in a small village. There are some six hundred persons

in the various departments. Many of the men have their families with them; the Indians have their squaws and

papooses, and the variety of nationalities, dialects, and costumes makes the miniature city an interesting and

The Indians may be seen eating bundles of meat from their fingers and drinking tankards of iced buttermilk.

The Mexicans, a shade more civilized, shovel with their knives great quantities of the same food into the

capacious receptacles provided by nature. The Americans, despite what is said of their rapid eating, take time

to laugh and crack jokes, and finish their repast with a product only known to the highest

When the "Wild West" visited Boston, one hot June day the parade passed a children's hospital on the way to

the showgrounds. Many of the little invalids were unable to leave their couches. All who could do so ran to

the open windows and gazed eagerly at the passing procession, and the greatest excitement prevailed. These

more fortunate little ones described, as best they could, to the little sufferers who could not leave their beds

the wonderful things they saw. The Indians were the special admiration of the children. After the procession

passed, one wee lad, bedridden by spinal trouble, cried bitterly because he had not seen it. A kindhearted

nurse endeavored to soothe the child, but words proved unavailing. Then a bright idea struck the patient

woman; she told him he might write a letter to the great "Buffalo Bill" himself and ask him for an Indian's

The idea was taken up with delight, and the child spent an eager hour in penning the letter. It was pathetic in

its simplicity. The little sufferer told the great exhibitor that he was sick in bed, was unable to see the Indians

The important missive was mailed, and even the impatient little invalid knew it was useless to expect an

answer that day. The morning had hardly dawned before a child's bright eyes were open. Every noise was

listened to, and he wondered when the postman would bring him a letter. The nurse hardly dared to hope that

a busy man like Buffalo Bill would take time to respond to the wish of a sick child.

At perhaps the twentieth repetition of this remark the door opened noiselessly. In came a sixfoot Indian,

clad in leather trousers and wrapped in a scarlet blanket. He wore a headdress of tall, waving feathers, and

The little invalids gasped in wonder; then they shrieked with delight. One by one, silent and noiseless, but

smiling, six splendid warriors followed the first. The visitors had evidently been well trained, and had

So unusual a sight in the orderly hospital so startled the nurse that she could not even speak. The warriors

drew up in a line and saluted her. The happy children were shouting in such glee that the poor woman's fright

The Indians ranged themselves in the narrow space between the cots, laid aside their gay blankets, placed

their bows upon the floor, and waving their arms to and fro, executed a quiet wardance. A sham battle was

fought, followed by a song of victory. After this the blankets were again donned, the kindly red men went

away, still smiling as benignly as their war paint would allow them to do. A cheer of gratitude and delight

followed them down the broad corridors. The happy children talked about Buffalo Bill and the "Wild West"

North Platte had long urged my brother to bring the exhibition there. The citizens wished to see the mammoth

tents spread over the ground where the scout once followed the trail on the actual warpath; they desired that

their famous fellowcitizen should thus honor his home town. A performance was finally given there on

October 12, 1896, the special car bearing Will and his party arriving the preceding day, Sunday. The writer of

these chronicles joined the party in Omaha, and we left that city after the Saturday night performance.

The Union Pacific Railroad had offered my brother every inducement to make this trip; among other things,

the officials promised to make special time in running from Omaha to North Platte.

When we awoke Sunday morning, we found that in some way the train had been delayed, that instead of

making special time we were several hours late. Will telegraphed this fact to the officials. At the next station

doubleheaders were put on, and the gain became at once perceptible. At Grand Island a congratulatory

telegram was sent, noting the gain in time. At the next station we passed the Lightning Express, the "flyer," to

which usually everything gives way, and the good faith of the company was evidenced by the fact that this

train was sidetracked to make way for Buffalo Bill's "Wild West" train. Another message was sent over the

"Have just noticed that Lightning Express is sidetracked to make way for Wild west. I herewith promote

The trip was a continued ovation. Every station was thronged, and Will was obliged to step out on the

platform and make a bow to the assembled crowds, his appearance being invariably greeted with a round of

cheers. When we reached the station at North Platte, we found that the entire population had turned out to

receive their fellowtownsman. The "Cody Guards," a band to which Will presented beautiful uniforms of

white broadcloth trimmed with gold braid, struck up the strains of "See, the Conquering Hero Comes." The

mayor attempted to do the welcoming honors of the city, but it was impossible for him to make himself

We had expected to reach the place some hours earlier, but our late arrival encroached upon the hour of

church service. The ministers discovered that it was impossible to hold their congregations; so they were

dismissed, and the pastors accompanied them to the station, one reverend gentleman humorously remarking:

"We shall be obliged to take for our text this morning `Buffalo Bill and his Wild West,' and will now proceed

Will's tallyho coach, drawn by six horses, was in waiting for the incoming party. The members of his family

seated themselves in that conveyance, and we passed through the town, preceded and followed by a band. As

we arrived at the home residence, both bands united in a welcoming strain of martial music.

My oldest sister, Julia, whose husband is manager of "Scout's Rest Ranch," when informed that the "Wild

West" was to visit North Platte, conceived the idea of making this visit the occasion of a family reunion. We

had never met in an unbroken circle since the days of our first separation, but as a result of her efforts we sat

thus that evening in my brother's home. The next day our mothersister, as she had always been regarded,

The "Wild West" exhibition had visited Duluth for the first time that same year. This city has a population of

65,000. North Platte numbers 3,500. When he wrote to me of his intention to take the exhibition to Duluth,

Will offered to make a wager that his own little town would furnish a bigger crowd than would the city of my

residence. I could not accept any such inferred slur upon the Zenith City, so accepted the wager, a silk hat

October 12th, the date of the North Platte performance, dawned bright and cloudless. "Today decides our

wager," said Will. "I expect there will be two or three dozen people out on this prairie. Duluth turned out a

The manager of the tents evidently thought the outlook a forlorn one. I shared his opinion, and was, in fancy,

"Every inch of it," was the prompt response. "We want to show North Platte the capacity of the `Wild West,'

As we started for the grounds Will was evidently uncertain over the outcome, in spite of his previous boast of

the reception North Platte would give him. "We'll have a big tent and plenty of room to spare in it," he

But as we drove to the grounds we soon began to see indications of a coming crowd. The people were

pouring in from all directions; the very atmosphere seemed populated; as the dust was nearly a foot deep on

the roads, the moving populace made the air almost too thick for breathing. It was during the time of the

county fair, and managers of the Union Pacific road announced that excursion trains would be run from every

town and hamlet, the officials and their families coming up from Omaha on a special car. Where the crowds

came from it was impossible to say. It looked as if a feat of magic had been performed, and that the stones

were turned into men, or, perchance, that, as in olden tales, they came up out of the earth.

Accustomed though he is to the success of the show, Will was dumfounded by this attendance. As the crowds

poured in I became alarmed about my wager. I visited the ticketseller and asked how the matter stood.

"It's pretty close," he answered. "Duluth seems to be dwindling away before the mightiness of the Great

This section of the country, which was a wilderness only a few years ago, assembled over ten thousand

Omaha, where the opening performance of this exhibition was given, honored Will last year by setting apart

one day as "Cody Day." August 31st was devoted to his reception, and a large and enthusiastic crowd

gathered to do the Nebraska pioneer honor. The parade reached the fairgrounds at eleven o'clock, where it

was fittingly received by one hundred and fifty mounted Indians from the encampment. A large square space

had been reserved for the reception of the party in front of the Sherman gate. As it filed through, great

applause was sent up by the waiting multitude, and the noise became deafening when my brother made his

appearance on a magnificent chestnut horse, the gift of General Miles. He was accompanied by a large party

of officials and Nebraska pioneers, who dismounted to seat themselves on the grandstand. Prominent among

these were the governor of the state, Senator Thurston, and Will's old friend and first employer, Mr.

Alexander Majors. As Will ascended the platform he was met by General Manager Clarkson, who welcomed

him in the name of the president of the exposition, whose official duties precluded his presence. Governor

Holcomb was then introduced, and his speech was a brief review of the evolution of Nebraska from a

wilderness of a generation ago to the great state which produced this marvelous exposition. Manager

Clarkson remarked, as he introduced Mr. Majors: "Here is the father of them all, Alexander Majors, a man

connected with the very earliest history of Nebraska, and the business father of Colonel Cody."

This old pioneer was accorded a reception only a shade less enthusiastic than that which greeted the hero of

"_Gentlemen, and My Boy, Colonel Cody_: [Laughter.] Can I say a few words of welcome? Friend

Creighton and I came down here together today, and he thought I was not equal to the occasion. Gentlemen,

I do not know whether I am equal to the occasion at this time, but I am going to do the best for you that I can.

Give me your hand, Colonel. Gentlemen, fortythree years ago this day, this finelooking physical specimen

of manhood was brought to me by his mothera little boy nine years old and little did I think at that time

that the boy that was standing before me, asking for employment of some kind by which I could afford to pay

his mother a little money for his services, was going to be a boy of such destiny as he has turned out to be. In

this country we have great men, we have great men in Washington, we have men who are famous as

politicians in this country; we have great statesmen, we have had Jackson and Grant, and we had Lincoln; we

have men great in agriculture and in stockgrowing, and in the manufacturing business men who have made

great names for themselves, who have stood high in the nation. Next, and even greater, we have a Cody. He,

gentlemen, stands before you now, known the wide world over as the last of the great scouts. When the boy

Cody came to me, standing straight as an arrow, and looked me in the face, I said to my partner, Mr. Russell,

who was standing by my side, `We will take this little boy, and we will pay him a man's wages, because he

can ride a pony just as well as a man can.' He was lighter and could do service of that kind when he was nine

years old. I remember when we paid him twentyfive dollars for the first month's work. He was paid in

halfdollars, and he got fifty of them. He tied them up in his little handkerchief, and when he got home he

A few remarks followed indicative of Mr. Majors's appreciation of the exhibition, and he closed with the

remark, "Bless your precious heart, Colonel Cody!" and sat down, amid great applause.

"Colonel Cody, this is your day. This is your exposition. This is your city. And we all rejoice that Nebraska is

your state. You have carried the fame of our country and of our state all over the civilized world; you have

been received and honored by princes, by emperors and by kings; the titled women in the courts of the

nations of the world have been captivated by your charm of manner and your splendid manhood. You are

known wherever you go, abroad or in the United States, as Colonel Cody, the best representative of the great

and progressive West. You stand here today in the midst of a wonderful assembly. Here are representatives

of the heroic and daring characters of most of the nations of the world. You are entitled to the honor paid you

today, and especially entitled to it here. This people know you as a man who has carried this demonstration

of yours to foreign lands, and exhibited it at home. You have not been a showman in the common sense of the

word. You have been a great national and international educator of men. You have furnished a demonstration

of the possibilities of our country that has advanced us in the opinion of all the world. But we who have been

with you a third, or more than a third, of a century, we remember you more dearly and tenderly than others

do. We remember that when this whole Western land was a wilderness, when these representatives of the

aborigines were attempting to hold their own against the onward tide of civilization, the settler and the hardy

pioneer, the women and the children, felt safe whenever Cody rode along the frontier; he was their protector

"Cody, this is your home. You live in the hearts of the people of our state. God bless you and keep you and

Will was deeply touched by these strong expressions from his friends. As he moved to the front of the

platform to respond, his appearance was the signal for a prolonged burst of cheers. He said:

"You cannot expect me to make adequate response for the honor which you have bestowed upon me today.

You have overwhelmed my speaking faculties. I cannot corral enough ideas to attempt a coherent reply in

response to the honor which you have accorded me. How little I dreamed in the long ago that the lonely path

of the scout and the ponyexpress rider would lead me to the place you have assigned me today. Here, near

the banks of the mighty Missouri, which flows unvexed to the sea, my thoughts revert to the early days of my

manhood. I looked eastward across this rushing tide to the Atlantic, and dreamed that in that longsettled

region all men were rich and all women happy. My friends, that day has come and gone. I stand among you a

witness that nowhere in the broad universe are men richer in manly integrity, and women happier in their

"I have sought fortune in many lands, but wherever I have wandered, the flag of our beloved state has been

unfurled to every breeze: from the Platte to the Danube, from the Tiber to the Clyde, the emblem of our

sovereign state has always floated over the `Wild West.' Time goes on and brings with it new duties and

responsibilities, but we `old men,' we who are called oldtimers, cannot forget the trials and tribulations

which we had to encounter while paving the path for civilization and national prosperity.

"The whistle of the locomotive has drowned the howl of the coyote; the barbwire fence has narrowed the

range of the cowpuncher; but no material evidence of prosperity can obliterate our contribution to

"Through your kindness today I have tasted the sweetest fruit that grows on ambition's tree. If you extend

your kindness and permit me to fall back into the ranks as a high private, my cup will be full.

"In closing, let me call upon the `Wild West, the Congress of Rough Riders of the World,' to voice their

At a given signal the "Wild West" gave three ringing cheers for Nebraska and the TransMississippi

Exposition. The cowboy band followed with the "Red, White, and Blue," and an exposition band responded

with the "StarSpangled Banner." The company fell into line for a parade around the grounds, Colonel Cody

following on his chestnut horse, Duke. After him came the officials and invited guests in carriages; then came

the Cossacks, the Cubans, the German cavalry, the United States cavalry, the Mexicans, and representatives

As the parade neared its end, my brother turned to his friends and suggested that as they had been detained

long past the dinnerhour in doing him honor, he would like to compensate them by giving an informal

spread. This invitation was promptly accepted, and the company adjourned to a cafe, where a tempting

luncheon was spread before them. Never before had such a party of pioneers met around a banquettable, and

many were the reminiscences of early days brought out. Mr. Majors, the originator of the Pony Express line,

was there. The two Creighton brothers, who put through the first telegraph line, and took the occupation of

the express riders from them, had seats of honor. A. D. Jones was introduced as the man who carried the first

postoffice of Omaha around in his hat, and who still wore the hat. Numbers of other pioneers were there, and

THE story of frontier days is a tale that is told. The "Wild West" has vanished like mist in the sun before the

touch of the two great magicians of the nineteenth century steam and electricity.

The route of the old historic Santa Fe trail is nearly followed by the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad,

which was completed in 1880. The silence of the prairie was once broken by the wild warwhoop of the

Indian as he struggled to maintain his supremacy over some adjoining tribe; the muffled roar caused by the

heavy hoofbeats of thousands of buffaloes was almost the only other sound that broke the stillness. Today

the shriek of the engine, the clang of the bell, and the clatter of the carwheels form a ceaseless

accompaniment to the cheerful hum of busy life which everywhere pervades the wilderness of thirty years

ago. Almost the only memorials of the struggles and privations of the hardy trappers and explorers, whose

daring courage made the achievements of the present possible, are the historic landmarks which bear the

names of some of these brave men. But these are very few in number. Pike's Peak lifts its snowy head to

heaven in silent commemoration of the early traveler whose name it bears. Simpson's Rest, a lofty obelisk,

commemorates the mountaineer whose life was for the most part passed upon its rugged slopes, and whose

{illust. caption = {signature of} W. F. Cody} be buried on its summit. Another cloudcapped

Captain Fisher commanded a battery in the army engaged in the conquest of New Mexico. His command

encamped near the base of the mountain which now bears his name. Deceived by the illusive effect of the

atmosphere, he started out for a morning stroll to the supposed nearby elevation, announcing that he would

return in time for breakfast. The day passed with no sign of Captain Fisher, and night lengthened into a new

day. When the second day passed without his return, his command was forced to believe that he had fallen a

prey to lurking Indians, and the soldiers were sadly taking their seats for their evening meal when the haggard

and wearied captain put in an appearance. His morning stroll had occupied two days and a night; but he set

The transcontinental line which supplanted the Old Salt Lake trail, and is now known as the Union Pacific

Railroad, antedated the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe by eleven years. The story of the difficulties

encountered, and the obstacles overcome in the building of this road, furnishes greater marvels than any

This railroad superseded the Pony Express line, the reeking, panting horses of which used their utmost

endeavor and carried their tireless riders fifteen miles an hour, covering their circuit in eight days' time at

their swiftest rate of speed. The iron horse gives a sniff of disdain, and easily traverses the same distance,

Travelers who step aboard the swiftly moving, luxurious cars of today give little thought to their

predecessors; for the dangers the early voyagers encountered they have no sympathy. The traveler in the

stagecoach was beset by perils without from the Indians and the outlaws; he faced the equally unpleasant

companionship of fatigue and discomfort within. The jolting, swinging coach bounced and jounced the

unhappy passengers as the reckless driver lashed the flying horses. Away they galloped over mountains and

through ravines, with no cessation of speed. Even the shipper pays the low rate of transportation asked

today with reluctance, and forgets the great debt he owes this adjunct of our civilization.

But great as are the practical benefits derived from the railways, we cannot repress a sigh as we meditate on

the picturesque phases of the vanished era. Gone are the bullwhackers and the prairieschooners! Gone are

the stagecoaches and their drivers! Gone are the Pony Express riders! Gone are the trappers, the hardy

pioneers, the explorers, and the scouts! Gone is the prairie monarch, the shaggy, unkempt buffalo!

In 1869, only thirty years ago, the train on the Kansas Pacificroad was delayed eight hours in consequence

of the passage of an enormous herd of buffaloes over the track in front of it. But the easy mode of travel

introduced by the railroad brought hundreds of sportsmen to the plains, who wantonly killed this noble

animal solely for sport, and thousands of buffaloes were sacrificed for their skins, for which there was a

widespread demand. From 1868 to 1881, in Kansas alone, there was paid out $2,500,000 for the bones of this

animal, which were gathered up on the prairie and used in the carbon works of the country. This represents a

total deathrate of 31,000,000 buffaloes in one state. As far as I am able to ascertain, there remains at this

writing only one herd, of less than twenty animals, out of all the countless thousands that roamed the prairie

so short a time ago, and this herd is carefully preserved in a private park. There may be a few isolated

specimens in menageries and shows, but this wholesale slaughter has resulted in the practical extermination

As with the animal native to our prairies, so has it been with the race native to our land. We may deplore the

wrongs of the Indian, and sympathize with his efforts to wrest justice from his socalled protectors. We may

admire his poetic nature, as evidenced in the myths and legends of the race. We may be impressed by the

stately dignity and innate ability as orator and statesman which he displays. We may preserve the different

articles of his picturesque garb as relics. But the old, old drama of history is repeating itself before the eyes of

this generation; the inferior must give way to the superior civilization. The poetic, picturesque, primitive red

man must inevitably succumb before the allconquering tread of his pitiless, practical, progressive white

Cooper has immortalized for us the extinction of a people in the "Last of the Mohicans." Many another tribe

has passed away, unhonored and unsung. Westward the "Star of Empire" takes its way; the great domain west

of the Mississippi is now peopled by the white race, while the Indians are shut up in reservations. Their doom

is sealed; their sun is set. "Kismet" has been spoken of them; the total extinction of the race is only a question

"Take up the White Man's burden Ye dare not stoop to less Nor call too loud on freedom To cloke your

weariness. By all ye will or whisper, By all ye leave or do, The silent, sullen peoples Shall weigh your God

Of this past epoch of our national life there remains but one wellknown representative. That one is my

brother. He occupies a unique place in the portrait gallery of famous Americans today. It is not alone his

commanding personality, nor the success he has achieved along various lines, which gives him the strong

hold he has on the hearts of the American people, or the absorbing interest he possesses in the eyes of

foreigners. The fact that in his own person he condenses a period of national history is a large factor in the

fascination he exercises over others. He may fitly be named the "Last of the Great Scouts." He has had great

predecessors. The mantle of Kit Carson has fallen upon his shoulders, and he wears it worthily. He has not,

and never can have, a successor. He is the vanishingpoint between the rugged wilderness of the past in

When the "Wild West" disbands, the last vestige of our frontier life passes from the scene of active realities,

"Life is real, life is earnest," sings the poet, and real and earnest it has been for my brother. It has been spent

in others' service. I cannot recall a time when he has not thus been laden with heavy burdens. Yet for himself

he has won a reputation, national and international. A naval officer visiting in China relates that as he stepped

ashore he was offered two books for purchaseone the Bible, the other a "Life of Buffalo Bill."

For nearly half a century, which comprises his childhood, youth, and manhood, my brother has been before

the public. He can scarcely be said to have had a childhood, so early was he thrust among the rough scenes of

frontier life, therein to play a man's part at an age when most boys think of nothing more than marbles and

tops. He enlisted in the Union army before he was of age, and did his share in upholding the flag during the

Civil War as ably as many a veteran of forty, and since then he has remained, for the most part, in his

country's service, always ready to go to the front in any time of danger. He has achieved distinction in many

and various ways. He is president of the largest irrigation enterprise in the world, president of a colonization

company, of a townsite company, and of two transportation companies. He is the foremost scout and

champion buffalohunter of America, one of the crack shots of the world, and its greatest popular entertainer.

He is broadminded and progressive in his views, inheriting from both father and mother a hatred of

oppression in any form. Taking his mother as a standard, he believes the franchise is a birthright which

should appertain to intelligence and education, rather than to sex. It is his public career that lends an interest

to his private life, in which he has been a devoted and faithful son and brother, a kind and considerate

husband, a loving and generous father. "Only the names of them that are upright, brave, and true can be

honorably known," were the mother's dying words; and honorably known has his name become, in his own

With the fondest expectation he looks forward to the hour when he shall make his final bow to the public and

retire to private life. It is his longcherished desire to devote his remaining years to the development of the

Big Horn Basin, in Wyoming. He has visited every country in Europe, and has looked upon the most

beautiful of Old World scenes. He is familiar with all the most splendid regions of his own land, but to him

He has already invested thousands of dollars and given much thought and attention toward the

accomplishment of his pet scheme. An irrigating ditch costing nearly a million dollars now waters this fertile

region, and various other improvements are under way, to prepare a land flowing with milk and honey for the

reception of thousands of homeless wanderers. Like the children of Israel, these would never reach the

promised land but for the untiring efforts of a Moses to go on before; but unlike the ancient guide and scout

of sacred history, my brother has been privileged to penetrate the remotest corner of this primitive land of

Canaan. The log cabin he has erected there is not unlike the one of our childhood days. Here he finds his

haven of rest, his healthresort, to which he hastens when the show season is over and he is free again for a

space. He finds refreshment in the healthful, invigorating atmosphere of his chosen retreat; he enjoys sweet

And here, in the shadow of the Rockies, yet in the very "light of things," it is his wish to finish his days as he

began them, in opening up for those who come after him the great regions of the still undeveloped West, and