Charles Kingsley ......................................................................................................................................1

PREFACE ................................................................................................................................................1

STORY I. PERSEUS ............................................................................................................................4

PART I HOW PERSEUS AND HIS MOTHER CAME TO SERIPHOS...........................................4

PART II HOW PERSEUS VOWED A RASH VOW ..........................................................................6

PART III HOW PERSEUS SLEW THE GORGON ..........................................................................11

PART IV HOW PERSEUS CAME TO THE AETHIOPS................................................................15

PART V HOW PERSEUS CAME HOME AGAIN..........................................................................20

STORY II. THE ARGONAUTS........................................................................................................22

PART I HOW THE CENTAUR TRAINED THE HEROES ON PELION .......................................22

PART II HOW JASON LOST HIS SANDAL IN ANAUROS.........................................................26

PART III HOW THEY BUILT THE SHIP 'ARGO' IN IOLCOS.....................................................31

PART IV HOW THE ARGONAUTS SAILED TO COLCHIS........................................................32

PART VI WHAT WAS THE END OF THE HEROES...................................................................53

STORY III. THESEUS .......................................................................................................................54

PART I HOW THESEUS LIFTED THE STONE.............................................................................55

PART II HOW THESEUS SLEW THE DEVOURERS OF MEN ....................................................56

PART III HOW THESEUS SLEW THE MINOTAUR .....................................................................68

PART IV HOW THESEUS FELL BY HIS PRIDE ...........................................................................70

Some of you have heard already of the old Greeks; and all of you, as you grow up, will hear more and more

of them. Those of you who are boys will, perhaps, spend a great deal of time in reading Greek books; and the

girls, though they may not learn Greek, will be sure to come across a great many stories taken from Greek

history, and to see, I may say every day, things which we should not have had if it had not been for these old

Greeks. You can hardly find a wellwritten book which has not in it Greek names, and words, and proverbs;

you cannot walk through a great town without passing Greek buildings; you cannot go into a wellfurnished

room without seeing Greek statues and ornaments, even Greek patterns of furniture and paper; so strangely

have these old Greeks left their mark behind them upon this modern world in which we now live. And as you

grow up, and read more and more, you will find that we owe to these old Greeks the beginners of all our

mathematics and geometry that is, the science and knowledge of numbers, and of the shapes of things, and

of the forces which make things move and stand at rest; and the beginnings of our geography and astronomy;

and of our laws, and freedom, and politics that is, the science of how to rule a country, and make it peaceful

and strong. And we owe to them, too, the beginning of our logic that is, the study of words and of

reasoning; and of our metaphysics that is, the study of our own thoughts and souls. And last of all, they

made their language so beautiful that foreigners used to take to it instead of their own; and at last Greek

became the common language of educated people all over the old world, from Persia and Egypt even to Spain

and Britain. And therefore it was that the New Testament was written in Greek, that it might be read and

understood by all the nations of the Roman empire; so that, next to the Jews, and the Bible which the Jews

handed down to us, we owe more to these old Greeks than to any people upon earth.

Now you must remember one thing that 'Greeks' was not their real name. They called themselves always

'Hellens,' but the Romans miscalled them Greeks; and we have taken that wrong name from the Romans it

would take a long time to tell you why. They were made up of many tribes and many small separate states;

and when you hear in this book of Minuai, and Athenians, and other such names, you must remember that

they were all different tribes and peoples of the one great Hellen race, who lived in what we now call Greece,

in the islands of the Archipelago, and along the coast of Asia Minor (Ionia, as they call it), from the

Hellespont to Rhodes, and had afterwards colonies and cities in Sicily, and South Italy (which was called

Great Greece), and along the shores of the Black Sea at Sinope, and Kertch, and at Sevastopol. And after that,

again, they spread under Alexander the Great, and conquered Egypt, and Syria, and Persia, and the whole

East. But that was many hundred years after my stories; for then there were no Greeks on the Black Sea

shores, nor in Sicily, or Italy, or anywhere but in Greece and in Ionia. And if you are puzzled by the names of

places in this book, you must take the maps and find them out. It will be a pleasanter way of learning

Now, I love these old Hellens heartily; and I should be very ungrateful to them if I did not, considering all

that they have taught me; and they seem to me like brothers, though they have all been dead and gone many

hundred years ago. So as you must learn about them, whether you choose or not, I wish to be the first to

introduce you to them, and to say, 'Come hither, children, at this blessed Christmas time, when all God's

creatures should rejoice together, and bless Him who redeemed them all. Come and see old friends of mine,

whom I knew long ere you were born. They are come to visit us at Christmas, out of the world where all live

to God; and to tell you some of their old fairy tales, which they loved when they were young like you.'

For nations begin at first by being children like you, though they are made up of grown men. They are

children at first like you men and women with children's hearts; frank, and affectionate, and full of trust,

and teachable, and loving to see and learn all the wonders round them; and greedy also, too often, and

Thus these old Greeks were teachable, and learnt from all the nations round. From the Phoenicians they learnt

shipbuilding, and some say letters beside; and from the Assyrians they learnt painting, and carving, and

building in wood and stone; and from the Egyptians they learnt astronomy, and many things which you

would not understand. In this they were like our own forefathers the Northmen, of whom you love to hear,

who, though they were wild and rough themselves, were humble, and glad to learn from every one. Therefore

God rewarded these Greeks, as He rewarded our forefathers, and made them wiser than the people who

taught them in everything they learnt; for He loves to see men and children open hearted, and willing to be

taught; and to him who uses what he has got, He gives more and more day by day. So these Greeks grew wise

and powerful, and wrote poems which will live till the world's end, which you must read for yourselves some

day, in English at least, if not in Greek. And they learnt to carve statues, and build temples, which are still

among the wonders of the world; and many another wondrous thing God taught them, for which we are the

For you must not fancy, children, that because these old Greeks were heathens, therefore God did not care for

The Bible tells us that it was not so, but that God's mercy is over all His works, and that He understands the

hearts of all people, and fashions all their works. And St. Paul told these old Greeks in after times, when they

had grown wicked and fallen low, that they ought to have known better, because they were God's offspring,

as their own poets had said; and that the good God had put them where they were, to seek the Lord, and feel

after Him, and find Him, though He was not far from any one of them. And Clement of Alexandria, a great

Father of the Church, who was as wise as he was good, said that God had sent down Philosophy to the Greeks

For Jesus Christ, remember, is the Light who lights every man who comes into the world. And no one can

think a right thought, or feel a right feeling, or understand the real truth of anything in earth and heaven,

unless the good Lord Jesus teaches him by His Spirit, which gives man understanding.

But these Greeks, as St. Paul told them, forgot what God had taught them, and, though they were God's

offspring, worshipped idols of wood and stone, and fell at last into sin and shame, and then, of course, into

cowardice and slavery, till they perished out of that beautiful land which God had given them for so many

For, like all nations who have left anything behind them, beside mere mounds of earth, they believed at first

in the One True God who made all heaven and earth. But after a while, like all other nations, they began to

worship other gods, or rather angels and spirits, who (so they fancied) lived about their land. Zeus, the Father

of gods and men (who was some dim remembrance of the blessed true God), and Hera his wife, and Phoebus

Apollo the Sungod, and Pallas Athene who taught men wisdom and useful arts, and Aphrodite the Queen of

Beauty, and Poseidon the Ruler of the Sea, and Hephaistos the King of the Fire, who taught men to work in

metals. And they honoured the Gods of the Rivers, and the Nymphmaids, who they fancied lived in the

caves, and the fountains, and the glens of the forest, and all beautiful wild places. And they honoured the

Erinnues, the dreadful sisters, who, they thought, haunted guilty men until their sins were purged away. And

many other dreams they had, which parted the One God into many; and they said, too, that these gods did

things which would be a shame and sin for any man to do. And when their philosophers arose, and told them

that God was One, they would not listen, but loved their idols, and their wicked idol feasts, till they all came

But, at the time of which this little book speaks, they had not fallen as low as that. They worshipped no idols,

as far as I can find; and they still believed in the last six of the ten commandments, and knew well what was

right and what was wrong. And they believed (and that was what gave them courage) that the gods loved

men, and taught them, and that without the gods men were sure to come to ruin. And in that they were right

enough, as we know more right even than they thought; for without God we can do nothing, and all wisdom

Now, you must not think of them in this book as learned men, living in great cities, such as they were

afterwards, when they wrought all their beautiful works, but as country people, living in farms and walled

villages, in a simple, hardworking way; so that the greatest kings and heroes cooked their own meals, and

thought it no shame, and made their own ships and weapons, and fed and harnessed their own horses; and the

queens worked with their maidservants, and did all the business of the house, and spun, and wove, and

embroidered, and made their husbands' clothes and their own. So that a man was honoured among them, not

because he happened to be rich, but according to his skill, and his strength, and courage, and the number of

things which he could do. For they were but grownup children, though they were right noble children too;

and it was with them as it is now at school the strongest and cleverest boy, though he be poor, leads all the

Now, while they were young and simple they loved fairy tales, as you do now. All nations do so when they

are young: our old forefathers did, and called their stories 'Sagas.' I will read you some of them some day

some of the Eddas, and the Volusp�, and Beowulf, and the noble old Romances. The old Arabs, again, had

their tales, which we now call the 'Arabian Nights.' The old Romans had theirs, and they called them

'Fabulae,' from which our word 'fable' comes; but the old Hellens called theirs 'Muthoi,' from which our new

word 'myth' is taken. But next to those old Romances, which were written in the Christian middle age, there

are no fairy tales like these old Greek ones, for beauty, and wisdom, and truth, and for making children love

Now, why have I called this book 'The Heroes'? Because that was the name which the Hellens gave to men

who were brave and skilful, and dare do more than other men. At first, I think, that was all it meant: but after

a time it came to mean something more; it came to mean men who helped their country; men in those old

times, when the country was halfwild, who killed fierce beasts and evil men, and drained swamps, and

founded towns, and therefore after they were dead, were honoured, because they had left their country better

than they found it. And we call such a man a hero in English to this day, and call it a 'heroic' thing to suffer

pain and grief, that we may do good to our fellowmen. We may all do that, my children, boys and girls

alike; and we ought to do it, for it is easier now than ever, and safer, and the path more clear. But you shall

hear how the Hellens said their heroes worked, three thousand years ago. The stories are not all true, of

course, nor half of them; you are not simple enough to fancy that; but the meaning of them is true, and true

ONCE upon a time there were two princes who were twins. Their names were Acrisius and Proetus, and they

lived in the pleasant vale of Argos, far away in Hellas. They had fruitful meadows and vineyards, sheep and

oxen, great herds of horses feeding down in Lerna Fen, and all that men could need to make them blest: and

yet they were wretched, because they were jealous of each other. From the moment they were born they

began to quarrel; and when they grew up each tried to take away the other's share of the kingdom, and keep

all for himself. So first Acrisius drove out Proetus; and he went across the seas, and brought home a foreign

princess for his wife, and foreign warriors to help him, who were called Cyclopes; and drove out Acrisius in

his turn; and then they fought a long while up and down the land, till the quarrel was settled, and Acrisius

took Argos and one half the land, and Proetus took Tiryns and the other half. And Proetus and his Cyclopes

built around Tiryns great walls of unhewn stone, which are standing to this day.

But there came a prophet to that hardhearted Acrisius and prophesied against him, and said, 'Because you

have risen up against your own blood, your own blood shall rise up against you; because you have sinned

against your kindred, by your kindred you shall be punished. Your daughter Danae shall bear a son, and by

that son's hands you shall die. So the Gods have ordained, and it will surely come to pass.'

And at that Acrisius was very much afraid; but he did not mend his ways. He had been cruel to his own

family, and, instead of repenting and being kind to them, he went on to be more cruel than ever: for he shut

up his fair daughter Danae in a cavern underground, lined with brass, that no one might come near her. So he

fancied himself more cunning than the Gods: but you will see presently whether he was able to escape them.

Now it came to pass that in time Danae bore a son; so beautiful a babe that any but King Acrisius would have

had pity on it. But he had no pity; for he took Danae and her babe down to the seashore, and put them into a

great chest and thrust them out to sea, for the winds and the waves to carry them whithersoever they would.

The northwest wind blew freshly out of the blue mountains, and down the pleasant vale of Argos, and away

and out to sea. And away and out to sea before it floated the mother and her babe, while all who watched

So they floated on and on, and the chest danced up and down upon the billows, and the baby slept upon its

mother's breast: but the poor mother could not sleep, but watched and wept, and she sang to her baby as they

And now they are past the last blue headland, and in the open sea; and there is nothing round them but the

waves, and the sky, and the wind. But the waves are gentle, and the sky is clear, and the breeze is tender and

low; for these are the days when Halcyone and Ceyx build their nests, and no storms ever ruffle the pleasant

And who were Halcyone and Ceyx? You shall hear while the chest floats on. Halcyone was a fairy maiden,

the daughter of the beach and of the wind. And she loved a sailorboy, and married him; and none on earth

were so happy as they. But at last Ceyx was wrecked; and before he could swim to the shore the billows

swallowed him up. And Halcyone saw him drowning, and leapt into the sea to him; but in vain. Then the

Immortals took pity on them both, and changed them into two fair seabirds; and now they build a floating

nest every year, and sail up and down happily for ever upon the pleasant seas of Greece.

So a night passed, and a day, and a long day it was for Danae; and another night and day beside, till Danae

was faint with hunger and weeping, and yet no land appeared. And all the while the babe slept quietly; and at

last poor Danae drooped her head and fell asleep likewise with her cheek against the babe's.

After a while she was awakened suddenly; for the chest was jarring and grinding, and the air was full of

sound. She looked up, and over her head were mighty cliffs, all red in the setting sun, and around her rocks

and breakers, and flying flakes of foam. She clasped her hands together, and shrieked aloud for help. And

when she cried, help met her: for now there came over the rocks a tall and stately man, and looked down

He wore a rough cloak of frieze, and on his head a broad hat to shade his face; in his hand he carried a trident

for spearing fish, and over his shoulder was a castingnet; but Danae could see that he was no common man

by his stature, and his walk, and his flowing golden hair and beard; and by the two servants who came behind

him, carrying baskets for his fish. But she had hardly time to look at him, before he had laid aside his trident

and leapt down the rocks, and thrown his castingnet so surely over Danae and the chest, that he drew it, and

Then the fisherman took Danae by the hand, and lifted her out of the chest, and said

'O beautiful damsel, what strange chance has brought you to this island in so flail a ship? Who are you, and

whence? Surely you are some king's daughter; and this boy has somewhat more than mortal.'

And as he spoke he pointed to the babe; for its face shone like the morning star.

'Tell me to what land I have come, unhappy that I am; and among what men I have fallen!'

And he said, 'This isle is called Seriphos, and I am a Hellen, and dwell in it. I am the brother of Polydectes

the king; and men call me Dictys the netter, because I catch the fish of the shore.'

'Oh, sir, have pity upon a stranger, whom a cruel doom has driven to your land; and let me live in your house

as a servant; but treat me honourably, for I was once a king's daughter, and this my boy (as you have truly

said) is of no common race. I will not be a charge to you, or eat the bread of idleness; for I am more skilful in

'My daughter, I am old, and my hairs are growing gray; while I have no children to make my home cheerful.

Come with me then, and you shall be a daughter to me and to my wife, and this babe shall be our grandchild.

For I fear the Gods, and show hospitality to all strangers; knowing that good deeds, like evil ones, always

So Danae was comforted, and went home with Dictys the good fisherman, and was a daughter to him and to

FIFTEEN years were past and gone, and the babe was now grown to be a tall lad and a sailor, and went many

voyages after merchandise to the islands round. His mother called him Perseus; but all the people in Seriphos

said that he was not the son of mortal man, and called him the son of Zeus, the king of the Immortals. For

though he was but fifteen, he was taller by a head than any man in the island; and he was the most skilful of

all in running and wrestling and boxing, and in throwing the quoit and the javelin, and in rowing with the oar,

and in playing on the harp, and in all which befits a man. And he was brave and truthful, gentle and

courteous, for good old Dictys had trained him well; and well it was for Perseus that he had done so. For now

Danae and her son fell into great danger, and Perseus had need of all his wit to defend his mother and

I said that Dictys' brother was Polydectes, king of the island. He was not a righteous man, like Dictys; but

greedy, and cunning, and cruel. And when he saw fair Danae, he wanted to marry her. But she would not; for

she did not love him, and cared for no one but her boy, and her boy's father, whom she never hoped to see

again. At last Polydectes became furious; and while Perseus was away at sea he took poor Danae away from

Dictys, saying, 'If you will not be my wife, you shall be my slave.' So Danae was made a slave, and had to

fetch water from the well, and grind in the mill, and perhaps was beaten, and wore a heavy chain, because she

would not marry that cruel king. But Perseus was far away over the seas in the isle of Samos, little thinking

Now one day at Samos, while the ship was lading, Perseus wandered into a pleasant wood to get out of the

sun, and sat down on the turf and fell asleep. And as he slept a strange dream came to him the strangest

There came a lady to him through the wood, taller than he, or any mortal man; but beautiful exceedingly,

with great gray eyes, clear and piercing, but strangely soft and mild. On her head was a helmet, and in her

hand a spear. And over her shoulder, above her long blue robes, hung a goatskin, which bore up a mighty

shield of brass, polished like a mirror. She stood and looked at him with her clear gray eyes; and Perseus saw

that her eyelids never moved, nor her eyeballs, but looked straight through and through him, and into his

very heart, as if she could see all the secrets of his soul, and knew all that he had ever thought or longed for

since the day that he was born. And Perseus dropped his eyes, trembling and blushing, as the wonderful lady

'I am Pallas Athene; and I know the thoughts of all men's hearts, and discern their manhood or their baseness.

And from the souls of clay I turn away, and they are blest, but not by me. They fatten at ease, like sheep in

the pasture, and eat what they did not sow, like oxen in the stall. They grow and spread, like the gourd along

the ground; but, like the gourd, they give no shade to the traveller, and when they are ripe death gathers them,

'But to the souls of fire I give more fire, and to those who are manful I give a might more than man's. These

are the heroes, the sons of the Immortals, who are blest, but not like the souls of clay. For I drive them forth

by strange paths, Perseus, that they may fight the Titans and the monsters, the enemies of Gods and men.

Through doubt and need, danger and battle, I drive them; and some of them are slain in the flower of youth,

no man knows when or where; and some of them win noble names, and a fair and green old age; but what

will be their latter end I know not, and none, save Zeus, the father of Gods and men. Tell me now, Perseus,

Then Perseus answered boldly: 'Better to die in the flower of youth, on the chance of winning a noble name,

Then that strange lady laughed, and held up her brazen shield, and cried: 'See here, Perseus; dare you face

such a monster as this, and slay it, that I may place its head upon this shield?'

And in the mirror of the shield there appeared a face, and as Perseus looked on it his blood ran cold. It was

the face of a beautiful woman; but her cheeks were pale as death, and her brows were knit with everlasting

pain, and her lips were thin and bitter like a snake's; and instead of hair, vipers wreathed about her temples,

and shot out their forked tongues; while round her head were folded wings like an eagle's, and upon her

And Perseus looked awhile, and then said: 'If there is anything so fierce and foul on earth, it were a noble

Then the strange lady smiled again, and said: 'Not yet; you are too young, and too unskilled; for this is

Medusa the Gorgon, the mother of a monstrous brood. Return to your home, and do the work which waits

there for you. You must play the man in that before I can think you worthy to go in search of the Gorgon.'

Then Perseus would have spoken, but the strange lady vanished, and he awoke; and behold, it was a dream.

But day and night Perseus saw before him the face of that dreadful woman, with the vipers writhing round

So he returned home; and when he came to Seriphos, the first thing which he heard was that his mother was a

Grinding his teeth with rage, he went out, and away to the king's palace, and through the men's rooms, and

the women's rooms, and so through all the house (for no one dared stop him, so terrible and fair was he), till

he found his mother sitting on the floor, turning the stone handmill, and weeping as she turned it. And he

lifted her up, and kissed her, and bade her follow him forth. But before they could pass out of the room

Polydectes came in, raging. And when Perseus saw him, he flew upon him as the mastiff flies on the boar.

'Villain and tyrant!' he cried; 'is this your respect for the Gods, and thy mercy to strangers and widows? You

shall die!' And because he had no sword he caught up the stone handmill, and lifted it to dash out

But his mother clung to him, shrieking, 'Oh, my son, we are strangers and helpless in the land; and if you kill

Good Dictys, too, who had come in, entreated him. 'Remember that he is my brother. Remember how I have

Then Perseus lowered his hand; and Polydectes, who had been trembling all this while like a coward, because

Perseus took his mother to the temple of Athene, and there the priestess made her one of the

templesweepers; for there they knew she would be safe, and not even Polydectes would dare to drag her

away from the altar. And there Perseus, and the good Dictys, and his wife, came to visit her every day; while

Polydectes, not being able to get what he wanted by force, cast about in his wicked heart how he might get it

Now he was sure that he could never get back Danae as long as Perseus was in the island; so he made a plot

to rid himself of him. And first he pretended to have forgiven Perseus, and to have forgotten Danae; so that,

Next he proclaimed a great feast, and invited to it all the chiefs, and landowners, and the young men of the

island, and among them Perseus, that they might all do him homage as their king, and eat of his banquet in

On the appointed day they all came; and as the custom was then, each guest brought his present with him to

the king: one a horse, another a shawl, or a ring, or a sword; and those who had nothing better brought a

basket of grapes, or of game; but Perseus brought nothing, for he had nothing to bring, being but a poor

He was ashamed, however, to go into the king's presence without his gift; and he was too proud to ask Dictys

to lend him one. So he stood at the door sorrowfully, watching the rich men go in; and his face grew very red

as they pointed at him, and smiled, and whispered, 'What has that foundling to give?'

Now this was what Polydectes wanted; and as soon as he heard that Perseus stood without, he bade them

bring him in, and asked him scornfully before them all, 'Am I not your king, Perseus, and have I not invited

Perseus blushed and stammered, while all the proud men round laughed, and some of them began jeering him

openly. 'This fellow was thrown ashore here like a piece of weed or drift wood, and yet he is too proud to

'And though he does not know who his father is, he is vain enough to let the old women call him the son of

And so forth, till poor Perseus grew mad with shame, and hardly knowing what he said, cried out, 'A

present! who are you who talk of presents? See if I do not bring a nobler one than all of yours together!'

So he said boasting; and yet he felt in his heart that he was braver than all those scoffers, and more able to do

'Hear him! Hear the boaster! What is it to be?' cried they all, laughing louder than ever.

Then his dream at Samos came into his mind, and he cried aloud, 'The head of the Gorgon.'

He was half afraid after he had said the words for all laughed louder than ever, and Polydectes loudest of all.

'You have promised to bring me the Gorgon's head? Then never appear again in this island without it. Go!'

Perseus ground his teeth with rage, for he saw that he had fallen into a trap; but his promise lay upon him,

Down to the cliffs he went, and looked across the broad blue sea; and he wondered if his dream were true,

'Pallas Athene, was my dream true? and shall I slay the Gorgon? If thou didst really show me her face, let me

not come to shame as a liar and boastful. Rashly and angrily I promised; but cunningly and patiently will I

But there was no answer, nor sign; neither thunder nor any appearance; not even a cloud in the sky.

And three times Perseus called weeping, 'Rashly and angrily I promised; but cunningly and patiently will I

Then he saw afar off above the sea a small white cloud, as bright as silver. And it came on, nearer and nearer,

Perseus wondered at that strange cloud, for there was no other cloud all round the sky; and he trembled as it

touched the cliff below. And as it touched, it broke, and parted, and within it appeared Pallas Athene, as he

had seen her at Samos in his dream, and beside her a young man more light limbed than the stag, whose

eyes were like sparks of fire. By his side was a scimitar of diamond, all of one clear precious stone, and on

They looked upon Perseus keenly, and yet they never moved their eyes; and they came up the cliffs towards

him more swiftly than the seagull, and yet they never moved their feet, nor did the breeze stir the robes

about their limbs; only the wings of the youth's sandals quivered, like a hawk's when he hangs above the cliff.

'Perseus,' she said, 'he who overcomes in one trial merits thereby a sharper trial still. You have braved

And Perseus said, 'Try me; for since you spoke to me in Samos a new soul has come into my breast, and I

should be ashamed not to dare anything which I can do. Show me, then, how I can do this!'

'Perseus,' said Athene, 'think well before you attempt; for this deed requires a seven years' journey, in which

you cannot repent or turn back nor escape; but if your heart fails you, you must die in the Unshapen Land,

'Better so than live here, useless and despised,' said Perseus. 'Tell me, then, oh tell me, fair and wise Goddess,

of your great kindness and condescension, how I can do but this one thing, and then, if need be, die!'

'Be patient, and listen; for if you forget my words, you will indeed die. You must go northward to the country

of the Hyperboreans, who live beyond the pole, at the sources of the cold north wind, till you find the three

Gray Sisters, who have but one eye and one tooth between them. You must ask them the way to the Nymphs,

the daughters of the Evening Star, who dance about the golden tree, in the Atlantic island of the west. They

will tell you the way to the Gorgon, that you may slay her, my enemy, the mother of monstrous beasts. Once

she was a maiden as beautiful as morn, till in her pride she sinned a sin at which the sun hid his face; and

from that day her hair was turned to vipers, and her hands to eagle's claws; and her heart was filled with

shame and rage, and her lips with bitter venom; and her eyes became so terrible that whosoever looks on

them is turned to stone; and her children are the winged horse and the giant of the golden sword; and her

grandchildren are Echidna the witchadder, and Geryon the threeheaded tyrant, who feeds his herds beside

the herds of hell. So she became the sister of the Gorgons, Stheino and Euryte the abhorred, the daughters of

the Queen of the Sea. Touch them not, for they are immortal; but bring me only Medusa's head.'

'And I will bring it!' said Perseus; 'but how am I to escape her eyes? Will she not freeze me too into stone?'

'You shall take this polished shield,' said Athene, 'and when you come near her look not at her herself, but at

her image in the brass; so you may strike her safely. And when you have struck off her head, wrap it, with

your face turned away, in the folds of the goatskin on which the shield hangs, the hide of Amaltheie, the

nurse of the AEgisholder. So you will bring it safely back to me, and win to yourself renown, and a place

among the heroes who feast with the Immortals upon the peak where no winds blow.'

Then Perseus said, 'I will go, though I die in going. But how shall I cross the seas without a ship? And who

will show me my way? And when I find her, how shall I slay her, if her scales be iron and brass?'

Then the young man spoke: 'These sandals of mine will bear you across the seas, and over hill and dale like a

bird, as they bear me all day long; for I am Hermes, the farfamed Argusslayer, the messenger of the

'The sandals themselves will guide you on the road, for they are divine and cannot stray; and this sword itself,

the Argusslayer, will kill her, for it is divine, and needs no second stroke. Arise, and gird them on, and go

'May I not bid farewell to my mother and to Dictys? And may I not offer burntofferings to you, and to

'You shall not bid farewell to your mother, lest your heart relent at her weeping. I will comfort her and Dictys

until you return in peace. Nor shall you offer burntofferings to the Olympians; for your offering shall be

Then Perseus looked down the cliff and shuddered; but he was ashamed to show his dread. Then he thought

And behold, instead of falling he floated, and stood, and ran along the sky. He looked back, but Athene had

vanished, and Hermes; and the sandals led him on northward ever, like a crane who follows the spring toward

SO Perseus started on his journey, going dryshod over land and sea; and his heart was high and joyful, for

And he went by Cythnus, and by Ceos, and the pleasant Cyclades to Attica; and past Athens and Thebes, and

the Copaic lake, and up the vale of Cephissus, and past the peaks of OEta and Pindus, and over the rich

Thessalian plains, till the sunny hills of Greece were behind him, and before him were the wilds of the north.

Then he passed the Thracian mountains, and many a barbarous tribe, Paeons and Dardans and Triballi, till he

came to the Ister stream, and the dreary Scythian plains. And he walked across the Ister dryshod, and away

through the moors and fens, day and night toward the bleak northwest, turning neither to the right hand nor

And seven days he walked through it, on a path which few can tell; for those who have trodden it like least to

speak of it, and those who go there again in dreams are glad enough when they awake; till he came to the

edge of the everlasting night, where the air was full of feathers, and the soil was hard with ice; and there at

last he found the three Gray Sisters, by the shore of the freezing sea, nodding upon a white log of driftwood,

beneath the cold white winter moon; and they chaunted a low song together, 'Why the old times were better

There was no living thing around them, not a fly, not a moss upon the rocks. Neither seal nor seagull dare

come near, lest the ice should clutch them in its claws. The surge broke up in foam, but it fell again in flakes

of snow; and it frosted the hair of the three Gray Sisters, and the bones in the icecliff above their heads.

They passed the eye from one to the other, but for all that they could not see; and they passed the tooth from

one to the other, but for all that they could not eat; and they sat in the full glare of the moon, but they were

none the warmer for her beams. And Perseus pitied the three Gray Sisters; but they did not pity themselves.

So he said, 'Oh, venerable mothers, wisdom is the daughter of old age. You therefore should know many

Then one cried, 'Who is this who reproaches us with old age?' And another, 'This is the voice of one of the

And he, 'I do not reproach, but honour your old age, and I am one of the sons of men and of the heroes. The

Then one, 'There are new rulers in Olympus, and all new things are bad.' And another, 'We hate your rulers,

and the heroes, and all the children of men. We are the kindred of the Titans, and the Giants, and the

Gorgons, and the ancient monsters of the deep.' And another, 'Who is this rash and insolent man who pushes

unbidden into our world?' And the first, 'There never was such a world as ours, nor will be; if we let him see

Then one cried, 'Give me the eye, that I may see him;' and another, 'Give me the tooth, that I may bite him.'

But Perseus, when he saw that they were foolish and proud, and did not love the children of men, left off

pitying them, and said to himself, 'Hungry men must needs be hasty; if I stay making many words here, I

shall be starved.' Then he stepped close to them, and watched till they passed the eye from hand to hand. And

as they groped about between themselves, he held out his own hand gently, till one of them put the eye into it,

fancying that it was the hand of her sister. Then he sprang back, and laughed, and cried

'Cruel and proud old women, I have your eye; and I will throw it into the sea, unless you tell me the path to

Then they wept, and chattered, and scolded; but in vain. They were forced to tell the truth, though, when they

'You must go,' they said, 'foolish boy, to the southward, into the ugly glare of the sun, till you come to Atlas

the Giant, who holds the heaven and the earth apart. And you must ask his daughters, the Hesperides, who are

young and foolish like yourself. And now give us back our eye, for we have forgotten all the rest.'

So Perseus gave them back their eye; but instead of using it, they nodded and fell fast asleep, and were turned

into blocks of ice, till the tide came up and washed them all away. And now they float up and down like

icebergs for ever, weeping whenever they meet the sunshine, and the fruitful summer and the warm south

But Perseus leaped away to the southward, leaving the snow and the ice behind: past the isle of the

Hyperboreans, and the tin isles, and the long Iberian shore, while the sun rose higher day by day upon a

bright blue summer sea. And the terns and the seagulls swept laughing round his head, and called to him to

stop and play, and the dolphins gambolled up as he passed, and offered to carry him on their backs. And all

night long the seanymphs sang sweetly, and the Tritons blew upon their conchs, as they played round

Galataea their queen, in her car of pearled shells. Day by day the sun rose higher, and leaped more swiftly

into the sea at night, and more swiftly out of the sea at dawn; while Perseus skimmed over the billows like a

seagull, and his feet were never wetted; and leapt on from wave to wave, and his limbs were never weary,

till he saw far away a mighty mountain, all rosered in the setting sun. Its feet were wrapped in forests, and

its head in wreaths of cloud; and Perseus knew that it was Atlas, who holds the heavens and the earth apart.

He came to the mountain, and leapt on shore, and wandered upward, among pleasant valleys and waterfalls,

and tall trees and strange ferns and flowers; but there was no smoke rising from any glen, nor house, nor sign

At last he heard sweet voices singing; and he guessed that he was come to the garden of the Nymphs, the

They sang like nightingales among the thickets, and Perseus stopped to hear their song; but the words which

they spoke he could not understand; no, nor no man after him for many a hundred years. So he stepped

forward and saw them dancing, hand in hand around the charmed tree, which bent under its golden fruit; and

round the treefoot was coiled the dragon, old Ladon the sleepless snake, who lies there for ever, listening to

Then Perseus stopped, not because he feared the dragon, but because he was bashful before those fair maids;

but when they saw him, they too stopped, and called to him with trembling voices

'Who are you? Are you Heracles the mighty, who will come to rob our garden, and carry off our golden fruit?'

'I am not Heracles the mighty, and I want none of your golden fruit. Tell me, fair Nymphs, the way which

'Not yet, not yet, fair boy; come dance with us around the tree in the garden which knows no winter, the home

of the south wind and the sun. Come hither and play with us awhile; we have danced alone here for a

thousand years, and our hearts are weary with longing for a playfellow. So come, come, come!'

'I cannot dance with you, fair maidens; for I must do the errand of the Immortals. So tell me the way to the

Then they sighed and wept; and answered 'The Gorgon! she will freeze you into stone.'

'It is better to die like a hero than to live like an ox in a stall. The Immortals have lent me weapons, and they

Then they sighed again and answered, 'Fair boy, if you are bent on your own ruin, be it so. We know not the

way to the Gorgon; but we will ask the giant Atlas, above upon the mountain peak, the brother of our father,

the silver Evening Star. He sits aloft and sees across the ocean, and far away into the Unshapen Land.'

So they went up the mountain to Atlas their uncle, and Perseus went up with them. And they found the giant

They asked him, and he answered mildly, pointing to the sea board with his mighty hand, 'I can see the

Gorgons lying on an island far away, but this youth can never come near them, unless he has the hat of

But the giant smiled. 'No living mortal can find that hat, for it lies in the depths of Hades, in the regions of the

dead. But my nieces are immortal, and they shall fetch it for you, if you will promise me one thing and keep

Then Perseus promised; and the giant said, 'When you come back with the head of Medusa, you shall show

me the beautiful horror, that I may lose my feeling and my breathing, and become a stone for ever; for it is

Then Perseus promised, and the eldest of the Nymphs went down, and into a dark cavern among the cliffs,

And Perseus and the Nymphs sat down seven days, and waited trembling, till the Nymph came up again; and

her face was pale, and her eyes dazzled with the light, for she had been long in the dreary darkness; but in her

Then all the Nymphs kissed Perseus, and wept over him a long while; but he was only impatient to be gone.

But Perseus went on boldly, past many an ugly sight, far away into the heart of the Unshapen Land, beyond

the streams of Ocean, to the isles where no ship cruises, where is neither night nor day, where nothing is in its

right place, and nothing has a name; till he heard the rustle of the Gorgons' wings and saw the glitter of their

brazen talons; and then he knew that it was time to halt, lest Medusa should freeze him into stone.

He thought awhile with himself, and remembered Athene's words. He rose aloft into the air, and held the

mirror of the shield above his head, and looked up into it that he might see all that was below him.

And he saw the three Gorgons sleeping as huge as elephants. He knew that they could not see him, because

the hat of darkness hid him; and yet he trembled as he sank down near them, so terrible were those brazen

Two of the Gorgons were foul as swine, and lay sleeping heavily, as swine sleep, with their mighty wings

outspread; but Medusa tossed to and fro restlessly, and as she tossed Perseus pitied her, she looked so fair and

sad. Her plumage was like the rainbow, and her face was like the face of a nymph, only her eyebrows were

knit, and her lips clenched, with everlasting care and pain; and her long neck gleamed so white in the mirror

that Perseus had not the heart to strike, and said, 'Ah, that it had been either of her sisters!'

But as he looked, from among her tresses the vipers' heads awoke, and peeped up with their bright dry eyes,

and showed their fangs, and hissed; and Medusa, as she tossed, threw back her wings and showed her brazen

claws; and Perseus saw that, for all her beauty, she was as foul and venomous as the rest.

Then he came down and stepped to her boldly, and looked steadfastly on his mirror, and struck with Herpe

Then he wrapped the head in the goatskin, turning away his eyes, and sprang into the air aloft, faster than he

For Medusa's wings and talons rattled as she sank dead upon the rocks; and her two foul sisters woke, and

Into the air they sprang yelling and looked for him who had done the deed. Thrice they swung round and

round, like hawks who beat for a partridge; and thrice they snuffed round and round, like hounds who draw

upon a deer. At last they struck upon the scent of the blood, and they checked for a moment to make sure; and

then on they rushed with a fearful howl, while the wind rattled hoarse in their wings.

On they rushed, sweeping and flapping, like eagles after a hare; and Perseus' blood ran cold, for all his

courage, as he saw them come howling on his track; and he cried, 'Bear me well now, brave sandals, for the

And well the brave sandals bore him, aloft through cloud and sunshine, across the shoreless sea; and fast

followed the hounds of Death, as the roar of their wings came down the wind. But the roar came down fainter

and fainter, and the howl of their voices died away; for the sandals were too swift, even for Gorgons, and by

nightfall they were far behind, two black specks in the southern sky, till the sun sank and he saw them no

Then he came again to Atlas, and the garden of the Nymphs; and when the giant heard him coming he

groaned, and said, 'Fulfil thy promise to me.' Then Perseus held up to him the Gorgon's head, and he had rest

from all his toil; for he became a crag of stone, which sleeps for ever far above the clouds.

Then he thanked the Nymphs, and asked them, 'By what road shall I go homeward again, for I wandered far

And they wept and cried, 'Go home no more, but stay and play with us, the lonely maidens, who dwell for

But he refused, and they told him his road, and said, 'Take with you this magic fruit, which, if you eat once,

you will not hunger for seven days. For you must go eastward and eastward ever, over the doleful Lybian

shore, which Poseidon gave to Father Zeus, when he burst open the Bosphorus and the Hellespont, and

drowned the fair Lectonian land. And Zeus took that land in exchange, a fair bargain, much bad ground for a

little good, and to this day it lies waste and desert with shingle, and rock, and sand.'

Then they kissed Perseus, and wept over him, and he leapt down the mountain, and went on, lessening and

SO Perseus flitted onward to the northeast, over many a league of sea, till he came to the rolling sandhills

And he flitted on across the desert: over rockledges, and banks of shingle, and level wastes of sand, and

shelldrifts bleaching in the sunshine, and the skeletons of great sea monsters, and dead bones of ancient

giants, strewn up and down upon the old seafloor. And as he went the blooddrops fell to the earth from the

Gorgon's head, and became poisonous asps and adders, which breed in the desert to this day.

Over the sands he went, he never knew how far or how long, feeding on the fruit which the Nymphs had

given him, till he saw the hills of the Psylli, and the Dwarfs who fought with cranes. Their spears were of

reeds and rushes, and their houses of the eggshells of the cranes; and Perseus laughed, and went his way to

the northeast, hoping all day long to see the blue Mediterranean sparkling, that he might fly across it to his

But now came down a mighty wind, and swept him back southward toward the desert. All day long he strove

against it; but even the winged sandals could not prevail. So he was forced to float down the wind all night;

and when the morning dawned there was nothing to be seen, save the same old hateful waste of sand.

And out of the north the sandstorms rushed upon him, blood red pillars and wreaths, blotting out the

noonday sun; and Perseus fled before them, lest he should be choked by the burning dust. At last the gale fell

calm, and he tried to go northward again; but again came down the sandstorms, and swept him back into the

waste, and then all was calm and cloudless as before. Seven days he strove against the storms, and seven days

he was driven back, till he was spent with thirst and hunger, and his tongue clove to the roof of his mouth.

Here and there he fancied that he saw a fair lake, and the sunbeams shining on the water; but when he came

to it it vanished at his feet, and there was nought but burning sand. And if he had not been of the race of the

Immortals, he would have perished in the waste; but his life was strong within him, because it was more than

'Oh, fair and pure, if thou hearest me, wilt thou leave me here to die of drought? I have brought thee the

Gorgon's head at thy bidding, and hitherto thou hast prospered my journey; dost thou desert me at the last?

Else why will not these immortal sandals prevail, even against the desert storms? Shall I never see my mother

The heaven was still above his head, and the sand was still beneath his feet; and Perseus looked up, but there

was nothing but the blinding sun in the blinding blue; and round him, but there was nothing but the blinding

And Perseus stood still a while, and waited, and said, 'Surely I am not here without the will of the Immortals,

for Athene will not lie. Were not these sandals to lead me in the right road? Then the road in which I have

And at that his heart was lifted up, though he scarcely dare believe his ears; and weary as he was, he hurried

forward, though he could scarcely stand upright; and within a bowshot of him was a glen in the sand, and

marble rocks, and date trees, and a lawn of gay green grass. And through the lawn a streamlet sparkled and

The water trickled among the rocks, and a pleasant breeze rustled in the dry datebranches and Perseus

laughed for joy, and leapt down the cliff, and drank of the cool water, and ate of the dates, and slept upon the

turf, and leapt up and went forward again: but not toward the north this time; for he said, 'Surely Athene hath

sent me hither, and will not have me go homeward yet. What if there be another noble deed to be done,

So he went east, and east for ever, by fresh oases and fountains, datepalms, and lawns of grass, till he saw

Then he towered in the air like an eagle, for his limbs were strong again; and he flew all night across the

mountain till the day began to dawn, and rosyfingered Eos came blushing up the sky. And then, behold,

And he saw cities walled up to heaven, and temples, and obelisks, and pyramids, and giant Gods of stone.

And he came down amid fields of barley, and flax, and millet, and clambering gourds; and saw the people

coming out of the gates of a great city, and setting to work, each in his place, among the watercourses,

parting the streams among the plants cunningly with their feet, according to the wisdom of the Egyptians. But

when they saw him they all stopped their work, and gathered round him, and cried

'Who art thou, fair youth? and what bearest thou beneath thy goatskin there? Surely thou art one of the

Immortals; for thy skin is white like ivory, and ours is red like clay. Thy hair is like threads of gold, and ours

is black and curled. Surely thou art one of the Immortals;' and they would have worshipped him then and

'I am not one of the Immortals; but I am a hero of the Hellens. And I have slain the Gorgon in the wilderness,

and bear her head with me. Give me food, therefore, that I may go forward and finish my work.'

Then they gave him food, and fruit, and wine; but they would not let him go. And when the news came into

the city that the Gorgon was slain, the priests came out to meet him, and the maidens, with songs and dances,

and timbrels and harps; and they would have brought him to their temple and to their king; but Perseus put on

Therefore the Egyptians looked long for his return, but in vain, and worshipped him as a hero, and made a

statue of him in Chemmis, which stood for many a hundred years; and they said that he appeared to them at

times, with sandals a cubit long; and that whenever he appeared the season was fruitful, and the Nile rose

Then Perseus went to the eastward, along the Red Sea shore; and then, because he was afraid to go into the

Arabian deserts, he turned northward once more, and this time no storm hindered him.

He went past the Isthmus, and Mount Casius, and the vast Serbonian bog, and up the shore of Palestine,

He flew on past pleasant hills and valleys, like Argos itself, or Lacedaemon, or the fair Vale of Tempe. But

the lowlands were all drowned by floods, and the highlands blasted by fire, and the hills heaved like a

And Perseus feared to go inland, but flew along the shore above the sea; and he went on all the day, and the

sky was black with smoke; and he went on all the night, and the sky was red with flame.

And at the dawn of day he looked toward the cliffs; and at the water's edge, under a black rock, he saw a

'This,' thought he, 'must surely be the statue of some sea God; I will go near and see what kind of Gods

So he came near; but when he came, it was no statue, but a maiden of flesh and blood; for he could see her

tresses streaming in the breeze; and as he came closer still, he could see how she shrank and shivered when

the waves sprinkled her with cold salt spray. Her arms were spread above her head, and fastened to the rock

with chains of brass; and her head drooped on her bosom, either with sleep, or weariness, or grief. But now

and then she looked up and wailed, and called her mother; yet she did not see Perseus, for the cap of darkness

Full of pity and indignation, Perseus drew near and looked upon the maid. Her cheeks were darker than his

were, and her hair was blueblack like a hyacinth; but Perseus thought, 'I have never seen so beautiful a

maiden; no, not in all our isles. Surely she is a king's daughter. Do barbarians treat their kings' daughters

And, lifting the hat from his head, he flashed into her sight. She shrieked with terror, and tried to hide her

'Do not fear me, fair one; I am a Hellen, and no barbarian. What cruel men have bound you? But first I will

And he tore at the fetters, but they were too strong for him; while the maiden cried

'Touch me not; I am accursed, devoted as a victim to the sea Gods. They will slay you, if you dare to set me

'Let them try,' said Perseus; and drawing, Herpe from his thigh, he cut through the brass as if it had been flax.

'Now,' he said, 'you belong to me, and not to these seaGods, whosoever they may be!' But she only called

'Why call on your mother? She can be no mother to have left you here. If a bird is dropped out of the nest, it

belongs to the man who picks it up. If a jewel is cast by the wayside, it is his who dare win it and wear it, as I

will win you and will wear you. I know now why Pallas Athene sent me hither. She sent me to gain a prize

And he clasped her in his arms, and cried, 'Where are these seaGods, cruel and unjust, who doom fair maids

to death? I carry the weapons of Immortals. Let them measure their strength against mine! But tell me,

"I am the daughter of Cepheus, King of Iopa, and my mother is Cassiopoeia of the beautiful tresses, and they

called me Andromeda, as long as life was mine. And I stand bound here, hapless that I am, for the

seamonster's food, to atone for my mother's sin. For she boasted of me once that I was fairer than Atergatis,

Queen of the Fishes; so she in her wrath sent the seafloods, and her brother the Fire King sent the

earthquakes, and wasted all the land, and after the floods a monster bred of the slime, who devours all living

things. And now he must devour me, guiltless though I am me who never harmed a living thing, nor saw a

fish upon the shore but I gave it life, and threw it back into the sea; for in our land we eat no fish, for fear of

Atergatis their queen. Yet the priests say that nothing but my blood can atone for a sin which I never

But Perseus laughed, and said, 'A seamonster? I have fought with worse than him: I would have faced

Then Andromeda looked up at him, and new hope was kindled in her breast, so proud and fair did he stand,

with one hand round her, and in the other the glittering sword. But she only sighed, and wept the more, and

'Why will you die, young as you are? Is there not death and sorrow enough in the world already? It is noble

for me to die, that I may save the lives of a whole people; but you, better than them all, why should I slay you

But Perseus cried, 'Not so; for the Lords of Olympus, whom I serve, are the friends of the heroes, and help

them on to noble deeds. Led by them, I slew the Gorgon, the beautiful horror; and not without them do I

come hither, to slay this monster with that same Gorgon's head. Yet hide your eyes when I leave you, lest the

But the maiden answered nothing, for she could not believe his words. And then, suddenly looking up, she

'There he comes, with the sunrise, as they promised. I must die now. How shall I endure it? Oh, go! Is it not

dreadful enough to be torn piecemeal, without having you to look on?' And she tried to thrust him away.

But he said, 'I go; yet promise me one thing ere I go: that if I slay this beast you will be my wife, and come

back with me to my kingdom in fruitful Argos, for I am a king's heir. Promise me, and seal it with a kiss.'

Then she lifted up her face, and kissed him; and Perseus laughed for joy, and flew upward, while Andromeda

On came the great seamonster, coasting along like a huge black galley, lazily breasting the ripple, and

stopping at times by creek or headland to watch for the laughter of girls at their bleaching, or cattle pawing on

the sandhills, or boys bathing on the beach. His great sides were fringed with clustering shells and

seaweeds, and the water gurgled in and out of his wide jaws, as he rolled along, dripping and glistening in

At last he saw Andromeda, and shot forward to take his prey, while the waves foamed white behind him, and

Then down from the height of the air fell Perseus like a shooting star; down to the crests of the waves, while

At last she looked up trembling, and saw Perseus springing toward her; and instead of the monster a long

Who then so proud as Perseus, as he leapt back to the rock, and lifted his fair Andromeda in his arms, and

Who so proud as Perseus, and who so joyful as all the AEthiop people? For they had stood watching the

monster from the cliffs, wailing for the maiden's fate. And already a messenger had gone to Cepheus and

Cassiopoeia, where they sat in sackcloth and ashes on the ground, in the innermost palace chambers, awaiting

their daughter's end. And they came, and all the city with them, to see the wonder, with songs and with

dances, with cymbals and harps, and received their daughter back again, as one alive from the dead.

Then Cepheus said, 'Hero of the Hellens, stay here with me and be my soninlaw, and I will give you the

'I will be your soninlaw,' said Perseus, 'but of your kingdom I will have none, for I long after the pleasant

Then Cepheus said, 'You must not take my daughter away at once, for she is to us like one alive from the

dead. Stay with us here a year, and after that you shall return with honour.' And Perseus consented; but before

he went to the palace he bade the people bring stones and wood, and built three altars, one to Athene, and one

And some said, 'This is a pious man;' yet the priests said, 'The Sea Queen will be yet more fierce against us,

because her monster is slain.' But they were afraid to speak aloud, for they feared the Gorgon's head. So they

went up to the palace; and when they came in, there stood in the hall Phineus, the brother of Cepheus, chafing

like a bear robbed of her whelps, and with him his sons, and his servants, and many an armed man; and he

'You shall not marry your daughter to this stranger, of whom no one knows even the name. Was not

Andromeda betrothed to my son? And now she is safe again, has he not a right to claim her?'

But Perseus laughed, and answered, 'If your son is in want of a bride, let him save a maiden for himself. As

yet he seems but a helpless bridegroom. He left this one to die, and dead she is to him. I saved her alive, and

alive she is to me, but to no one else. Ungrateful man! have I not saved your land, and the lives of your sons

and daughters, and will you requite me thus? Go, or it will be worse for you.' But all the menatarms drew

Then he unveiled the Gorgon's head, and said, 'This has delivered my bride from one wild beast: it shall

deliver her from many.' And as he spoke Phineus and all his menatarms stopped short, and stiffened each

man as he stood; and before Perseus had drawn the goatskin over the face again, they were all turned into

Then Persons bade the people bring levers and roll them out; and what was done with them after that I cannot

So they made a great weddingfeast, which lasted seven whole days, and who so happy as Perseus and

But on the eighth night Perseus dreamed a dream; and he saw standing beside him Pallas Athene, as he had

seen her in Seriphos, seven long years before; and she stood and called him by name, and said

'Perseus, you have played the man, and see, you have your reward. Know now that the Gods are just, and

help him who helps himself. Now give me here Herpe the sword, and the sandals, and the hat of darkness,

that I may give them back to their owners; but the Gorgon's head you shall keep a while, for you will need it

in your land of Greece. Then you shall lay it up in my temple at Seriphos, that I may wear it on my shield for

ever, a terror to the Titans and the monsters, and the foes of Gods and men. And as for this land, I have

appeased the sea and the fire, and there shall be no more floods nor earthquakes. But let the people build

altars to Father Zeus, and to me, and worship the Immortals, the Lords of heaven and earth.'

And Perseus rose to give her the sword, and the cap, and the sandals; but he woke, and his dream vanished

away. And yet it was not altogether a dream; for the goatskin with the head was in its place; but the sword,

Then a great awe fell on Perseus; and he went out in the morning to the people, and told his dream, and bade

them build altars to Zeus, the Father of Gods and men, and to Athene, who gives wisdom to heroes; and fear

no more the earthquakes and the floods, but sow and build in peace. And they did so for a while, and

prospered; but after Perseus was gone they forgot Zeus and Athene, and worshipped again Atergatis the

queen, and the undying fish of the sacred lake, where Deucalion's deluge was swallowed up, and they burnt

their children before the Fire King, till Zeus was angry with that foolish people, and brought a strange nation

against them out of Egypt, who fought against them and wasted them utterly, and dwelt in their cities for

AND when a year was ended Perseus hired Phoenicians from Tyre, and cut down cedars, and built himself a

noble galley; and painted its cheeks with vermilion, and pitched its sides with pitch; and in it he put

Andromeda, and all her dowry of jewels, and rich shawls, and spices from the East; and great was the

weeping when they rowed away. But the remembrance of his brave deed was left behind; and Andromeda's

So Perseus and the Phoenicians rowed to the westward, across the sea of Crete, till they came to the blue

Then he left his galley on the beach, and went up as of old; and he embraced his mother, and Dictys his good

foster father, and they wept over each other a long while, for it was seven years and more since they had

Then Perseus went out, and up to the hall of Polydectes; and underneath the goatskin he bore the Gorgon's

And when he came into the hall, Polydectes sat at the table head, and all his nobles and landowners on

either side, each according to his rank, feasting on the fish and the goat's flesh, and drinking the bloodred

wine. The harpers harped, and the revellers shouted, and the winecups rang merrily as they passed from

Then Persons stood upon the threshold, and called to the king by name. But none of the guests knew Perseus,

for he was changed by his long journey. He had gone out a boy, and he was come home a hero; his eye shone

like an eagle's, and his beard was like a lion's beard, and he stood up like a wild bull in his pride.

But Polydectes the wicked knew him, and hardened his heart still more; and scornfully he called

'Those whom the Gods help fulfil their promises; and those who despise them, reap as they have sown.

Pale grew Polydectes and his guests as they looked upon that dreadful face. They tried to rise up from their

seats: but from their seats they never rose, but stiffened, each man where he sat, into a ring of cold gray

Then Perseus turned and left them, and went down to his galley in the bay; and he gave the kingdom to good

And Polydectes and his guests sat still, with the winecups before them on the board, till the rafters crumbled

down above their heads, and the walls behind their backs, and the table crumbled down between them, and

the grass sprung up about their feet: but Polydectes and his guests sit on the hillside, a ring of gray stones

But Perseus rowed westward toward Argos, and landed, and went up to the town. And when he came, he

found that Acrisius his grandfather had fled. For Proetus his wicked brother had made war against him afresh;

and had come across the river from Tiryns, and conquered Argos, and Acrisius had fled to Larissa, in the

Then Perseus called the Argives together, and told them who he was, and all the noble deeds which he had

done. And all the nobles and the yeomen made him king, for they saw that he had a royal heart; and they

fought with him against Argos, and took it, and killed Proetus, and made the Cyclopes serve them, and build

them walls round Argos, like the walls which they had built at Tiryns; and there were great rejoicings in the

But Perseus' heart yearned after his grandfather, and he said, 'Surely he is my flesh and blood, and he will

love me now that I am come home with honour: I will go and find him, and bring him home, and we will

So Perseus sailed away with his Phoenicians, round Hydrea and Sunium, past Marathon and the Attic shore,

and through Euripus, and up the long Euboean sea, till he came to the town of Larissa, where the wild Pelasgi

And when he came there, all the people were in the fields, and there was feasting, and all kinds of games; for

Teutamenes their king wished to honour Acrisius, because he was the king of a mighty land.

So Perseus did not tell his name, but went up to the games unknown; for he said, 'If I carry away the prize in

So he threw off his helmet, and his cuirass, and all his clothes, and stood among the youths of Larissa, while

all wondered at him, and said, 'Who is this young stranger, who stands like a wild bull in his pride? Surely he

And when the games began, they wondered yet more; for Perseus was the best man of all at running, and

leaping, and wrestling and throwing the javelin; and he won four crowns, and took them, and then he said to

himself, 'There is a fifth crown yet to be won: I will win that, and lay them all upon the knees of my

And as he spoke, he saw where Acrisius sat, by the side of Teutamenes the king, with his white beard flowing

down upon his knees, and his royal staff in his hand; and Perseus wept when he looked at him, for his heart

yearned after his kin; and he said, 'Surely he is a kingly old man, yet he need not be ashamed of his grandson.'

Then he took the quoits, and hurled them, five fathoms beyond all the rest; and the people shouted, 'Further

Then Perseus put out all his strength, and hurled. But a gust of wind came from the sea, and carried the quoit

aside, and far beyond all the rest; and it fell on the foot of Acrisius, and he swooned away with the pain.

Perseus shrieked, and ran up to him; but when they lifted the old man up he was dead, for his life was slow

Then Perseus rent his clothes, and cast dust upon his head, and wept a long while for his grandfather. At last

'The Gods are true, and what they have ordained must be. I am Perseus, the grandson of this dead man, the

Then he told them how the prophecy had declared that he should kill his grandfather, and all the story of his

So they made a great mourning for Acrisius, and burnt him on a right rich pile; and Perseus went to the

temple, and was purified from the guilt of the death, because he had done it unknowingly.

Then he went home to Argos, and reigned there well with fair Andromeda; and they had four sons and three

And when they died, the ancients say, Athene took them up into the sky, with Cepheus and Cassiopoeia. And

there on starlight nights you may see them shining still; Cepheus with his kingly crown, and Cassiopoeia in

her ivory chair, plaiting her starspangled tresses, and Perseus with the Gorgon's head, and fair Andromeda

beside him, spreading her long white arms across the heaven, as she stood when chained to the stone for the

All night long, they shine, for a beacon to wandering sailors; but all day they feast with the Gods, on the still

I HAVE told you of a hero who fought with wild beasts and with wild men; but now I have a tale of heroes

who sailed away into a distant land, to win themselves renown for ever, in the adventure of the Golden

Whither they sailed, my children, I cannot clearly tell. It all happened long ago; so long that it has all grown

dim, like a dream which you dreamt last year. And why they went I cannot tell: some say that it was to win

gold. It may be so; but the noblest deeds which have been done on earth have not been done for gold. It was

not for the sake of gold that the Lord came down and died, and the Apostles went out to preach the good

news in all lands. The Spartans looked for no reward in money when they fought and died at Thermopylae;

and Socrates the wise asked no pay from his countrymen, but lived poor and barefoot all his days, only caring

to make men good. And there are heroes in our days also, who do noble deeds, but not for gold. Our

discoverers did not go to make themselves rich when they sailed out one after another into the dreary frozen

seas; nor did the ladies who went out last year to drudge in the hospitals of the East, making themselves poor,

that they might be rich in noble works. And young men, too, whom you know, children, and some of them of

your own kin, did they say to themselves, 'How much money shall I earn?' when they went out to the war,

leaving wealth, and comfort, and a pleasant home, and all that money can give, to face hunger and thirst, and

wounds and death, that they might fight for their country and their Queen? No, children, there is a better thing

on earth than wealth, a better thing than life itself; and that is, to have done something before you die, for

Therefore we will believe why should we not? of these same Argonauts of old, that they too were noble

men, who planned and did a noble deed; and that therefore their fame has lived, and been told in story and in

song, mixed up, no doubt, with dreams and fables, and yet true and right at heart. So we will honour these old

Argonauts, and listen to their story as it stands; and we will try to be like them, each of us in our place; for

each of us has a Golden Fleece to seek, and a wild sea to sail over ere we reach it, and dragons to fight ere it

And what was that first Golden Fleece? I do not know, nor care. The old Hellens said that it hung in Colchis,

which we call the Circassian coast, nailed to a beechtree in the war God's wood; and that it was the fleece

of the wondrous ram who bore Phrixus and Helle across the Euxine sea. For Phrixus and Helle were the

children of the cloudnymph, and of Athamas the Minuan king. And when a famine came upon the land,

their cruel stepmother Ino wished to kill them, that her own children might reign, and said that they must be

sacrificed on an altar, to turn away the anger of the Gods. So the poor children were brought to the altar, and

the priest stood ready with his knife, when out of the clouds came the Golden Ram, and took them on his

back, and vanished. Then madness came upon that foolish king, Athamas, and ruin upon Ino and her children.

For Athamas killed one of them in his fury, and Ino fled from him with the other in her arms, and leaped from

a cliff into the sea, and was changed into a dolphin, such as you have seen, which wanders over the waves for

But the people drove out King Athamas, because he had killed his child; and he roamed about in his misery,

till he came to the Oracle in Delphi. And the Oracle told him that he must wander for his sin, till the wild

beasts should feast him as their guest. So he went on in hunger and sorrow for many a weary day, till he saw

a pack of wolves. The wolves were tearing a sheep; but when they saw Athamas they fled, and left the sheep

for him, and he ate of it; and then he knew that the oracle was fulfilled at last. So he wandered no more; but

But the ram carried the two children far away over land and sea, till he came to the Thracian Chersonese, and

there Helle fell into the sea. So those narrow straits are called 'Hellespont,' after her; and they bear that name

Then the ram flew on with Phrixus to the northeast across the sea which we call the Black Sea now; but the

Hellens call it Euxine. And at last, they say, he stopped at Colchis, on the steep Circassian coast; and there

Phrixus married Chalciope, the daughter of Aietes the king; and offered the ram in sacrifice; and Aietes

And after awhile Phrixus died, and was buried, but his spirit had no rest; for he was buried far from his native

land, and the pleasant hills of Hellas. So he came in dreams to the heroes of the Minuai, and called sadly by

their beds, 'Come and set my spirit free, that I may go home to my fathers and to my kinsfolk, and the

'You must sail over the sea to Colchis, and bring home the golden fleece; and then my spirit will come back

He came thus, and called to them often; but when they woke they looked at each other, and said, 'Who dare

sail to Colchis, or bring home the golden fleece?' And in all the country none was brave enough to try it; for

Phrixus had a cousin called AEson, who was king in Iolcos by the sea. There he ruled over the rich Minuan

heroes, as Athamas his uncle ruled in Boeotia; and, like Athamas, he was an unhappy man. For he had a

stepbrother named Pelias, of whom some said that he was a nymph's son, and there were dark and sad tales

about his birth. When he was a babe he was cast out on the mountains, and a wild mare came by and kicked

him. But a shepherd passing found the baby, with its face all blackened by the blow; and took him home, and

called him Pelias, because his face was bruised and black. And he grew up fierce and lawless, and did many a

fearful deed; and at last he drove out AEson his stepbrother, and then his own brother Neleus, and took the

kingdom to himself, and ruled over the rich Minuan heroes, in Iolcos by the sea.

And AEson, when he was driven out, went sadly away out of the town, leading his little son by the hand; and

he said to himself, 'I must hide the child in the mountains; or Pelias will surely kill him, because he is the

So he went up from the sea across the valley, through the vineyards and the olive groves, and across the

torrent of Anauros, toward Pelion the ancient mountain, whose brows are white with snow.

He went up and up into the mountain, over marsh, and crag, and down, till the boy was tired and footsore,

and AEson had to bear him in his arms, till he came to the mouth of a lonely cave, at the foot of a mighty

Above the cliff the snowwreaths hung, dripping and cracking in the sun; but at its foot around the cave's

mouth grew all fair flowers and herbs, as if in a garden, ranged in order, each sort by itself. There they grew

gaily in the sunshine, and the spray of the torrent from above; while from the cave came the sound of music,

'Fear not, but go in, and whomsoever you shall find, lay your hands upon his knees, and say, "In the name of

Then the lad went in without trembling, for he too was a hero's son; but when he was within, he stopped in

And there he saw the singer lying upon bearskins and fragrant boughs: Cheiron, the ancient centaur, the

wisest of all things beneath the sky. Down to the waist he was a man, but below he was a noble horse; his

white hair rolled down over his broad shoulders, and his white beard over his broad brown chest; and his eyes

And in his hands he held a harp of gold, and struck it with a golden key; and as he struck, he sang till his eyes

And he sang of the birth of Time, and of the heavens and the dancing stars; and of the ocean, and the ether,

and the fire, and the shaping of the wondrous earth. And he sang of the treasures of the hills, and the hidden

jewels of the mine, and the veins of fire and metal, and the virtues of all healing herbs, and of the speech of

Then he sang of health, and strength, and manhood, and a valiant heart; and of music, and hunting, and

wrestling, and all the games which heroes love: and of travel, and wars, and sieges, and a noble death in fight;

and then he sang of peace and plenty, and of equal justice in the land; and as he sang the boy listened

And the lad ran trembling to him, and would have laid his hands upon his knees; but Cheiron smiled, and

said, 'Call hither your father AEson, for I know you, and all that has befallen, and saw you both afar in the

Then AEson came in sadly, and Cheiron asked him, 'Why camest you not yourself to me, AEson the AEolid?'

'I thought, Cheiron will pity the lad if he sees him come alone; and I wished to try whether he was fearless,

and dare venture like a hero's son. But now I entreat you by Father Zeus, let the boy be your guest till better

times, and train him among the sons of the heroes, that he may avenge his father's house.'

Then Cheiron smiled, and drew the lad to him, and laid his hand upon his golden locks, and said, 'Are you

'I would gladly have horse's hoofs like you, if I could sing such songs as yours.'

And Cheiron laughed, and said, 'Sit here by me till sundown, when your playfellows will come home, and

Then he turned to AEson, and said, 'Go back in peace, and bend before the storm like a prudent man. This

boy shall not cross the Anauros again, till he has become a glory to you and to the house of AEolus.'

And AEson wept over his son and went away; but the boy did not weep, so full was his fancy of that strange

Then Cheiron put the lyre into his hands, and taught him how to play it, till the sun sank low behind the cliff,

And then in came the sons of the heroes, AEneas, and Heracles, and Peleus, and many another mighty name.

And great Cheiron leapt up joyfully, and his hoofs made the cave resound, as they shouted, 'Come out, Father

Cheiron; come out and see our game.' And one cried, 'I have killed two deer;' and another, 'I took a wild cat

among the crags;' and Heracles dragged a wild goat after him by its horns, for he was as huge as a mountain

crag; and Coeneus carried a bearcub under each arm, and laughed when they scratched and bit, for neither

Only one walked apart and silent, Asclepius, the toowise child, with his bosom full of herbs and flowers,

and round his wrist a spotted snake; he came with downcast eyes to Cheiron, and whispered how he had

watched the snake cast its old skin, and grow young again before his eyes, and how he had gone down into a

village in the vale, and cured a dying man with a herb which he had seen a sick goat eat.

And Cheiron smiled, and said, 'To each Athene and Apollo give some gift, and each is worthy in his place;

but to this child they have given an honour beyond all honours, to cure while others kill.'

Then the lads brought in wood, and split it, and lighted a blazing fire; and others skinned the deer and

quartered them, and set them to roast before the fire; and while the venison was cooking they bathed in the

And then all ate till they could eat no more (for they had tasted nothing since the dawn), and drank of the

clear spring water, for wine is not fit for growing lads. And when the remnants were put away, they all lay

down upon the skins and leaves about the fire, and each took the lyre in turn, and sang and played with all his

And after a while they all went out to a plot of grass at the cave's mouth, and there they boxed, and ran, and

Then Cheiron took his lyre, and all the lads joined hands; and as be played, they danced to his measure, in

and out, and round and round. There they danced hand in hand, till the night fell over land and sea, while the

black glen shone with their broad white limbs and the gleam of their golden hair.

And the lad danced with them, delighted, and then slept a wholesome sleep, upon fragrant leaves of bay, and

myrtle, and marjoram, and flowers of thyme; and rose at the dawn, and bathed in the torrent, and became a

schoolfellow to the heroes' sons, and forgot Iolcos, and his father, and all his former life. But he grew strong,

and brave and cunning, upon the pleasant downs of Pelion, in the keen hungry mountain air. And he learnt to

wrestle, and to box, and to hunt, and to play upon the harp; and next he learnt to ride, for old Cheiron used to

mount him on his back; and he learnt the virtues of all herbs and how to cure all wounds; and Cheiron called

AND ten years came and went, and Jason was grown to be a mighty man. Some of his fellows were gone,

and some were growing up by his side. Asclepius was gone into Peloponnese to work his wondrous cures on

men; and some say he used to raise the dead to life. And Heracles was gone to Thebes to fulfil those famous

labours which have become a proverb among men. And Peleus had married a seanymph, and his wedding is

famous to this day. And AEneas was gone home to Troy, and many a noble tale you will read of him, and of

all the other gallant heroes, the scholars of Cheiron the just. And it happened on a day that Jason stood on the

mountain, and looked north and south and east and west; and Cheiron stood by him and watched him, for he

And Jason looked and saw the plains of Thessaly, where the Lapithai breed their horses; and the lake of

Boibe, and the stream which runs northward to Peneus and Tempe; and he looked north, and saw the

mountain wall which guards the Magnesian shore; Olympus, the seat of the Immortals, and Ossa, and Pelion,

where he stood. Then he looked east and saw the bright blue sea, which stretched away for ever toward the

dawn. Then he looked south, and saw a pleasant land, with whitewalled towns and farms, nestling along the

shore of a landlocked bay, while the smoke rose blue among the trees; and he knew it for the bay of Pagasai,

Then he sighed, and asked, 'Is it true what the heroes tell me that I am heir of that fair land?'

'A strong man has taken it and kept it long. Are you stronger than Pelias the terrible?'

'You have many a danger to go through before you rule in Iolcos by the sea: many a danger and many a woe;

And Cheiron sighed again, and said, 'The eaglet must leave the nest when it is fledged. Will you go to Iolcos

Jason promised, and Cheiron answered, 'Speak harshly to no soul whom you may meet, and stand by the

Jason wondered why Cheiron asked this of him; but he knew that the Centaur was a prophet, and saw things

long before they came. So he promised, and leapt down the mountain, to take his fortune like a man.

He went down through the arbutus thickets, and across the downs of thyme, till he came to the vineyard

walls, and the pomegranates and the olives in the glen; and among the olives roared Anauros, all foaming

And on the bank of Anauros sat a woman, all wrinkled, gray, and old; her head shook palsied on her breast,

and her hands shook palsied on her knees; and when she saw Jason, she spoke whining, 'Who will carry me

Jason was bold and hasty, and was just going to leap into the flood: and yet he thought twice before he leapt,

so loud roared the torrent down, all brown from the mountain rains, and silverveined with melting snow;

while underneath he could hear the boulders rumbling like the tramp of horsemen or the roll of wheels, as

But the old woman whined all the more, 'I am weak and old, fair youth. For Hera's sake, carry me over the

And Jason was going to answer her scornfully, when Cheiron's words came to his mind.

So he said, 'For Hera's sake, the Queen of the Immortals on Olympus, I will carry you over the torrent, unless

Then the old dame leapt upon his back, as nimbly as a goat; and Jason staggered in, wondering; and the first

The first step was up to his knees, and the second step was up to his waist; and the stones rolled about his

feet, and his feet slipped about the stones; so he went on staggering, and panting, while the old woman cried

Jason had half a mind to drop her, and let her get through the torrent by herself; but Cheiron's words were in

his mind, and he said only, 'Patience, mother; the best horse may stumble some day.'

At last he staggered to the shore, and set her down upon the bank; and a strong man he needed to have been,

He lay panting awhile upon the bank, and then leapt up to go upon his journey; but he cast one look at the old

And as he looked, she grew fairer than all women, and taller than all men on earth; and her garments shone

like the summer sea, and her jewels like the stars of heaven; and over her forehead was a veil woven of the

golden clouds of sunset; and through the veil she looked down on him, with great soft heifer's eyes; with

And she spoke, 'I am the Queen of Olympus, Hera the wife of Zeus. As thou hast done to me, so will I do to

And when Jason looked up, she rose from off the earth, like a pillar of tall white cloud, and floated away

Then a great fear fell on Jason: but after a while he grew light of heart; and he blessed old Cheiron, and said,

'Surely the Centaur is a prophet, and guessed what would come to pass, when he bade me speak harshly to no

Then he went down toward Iolcos; and as he walked he found that he had lost one of his sandals in the flood.

And as he went through the streets, the people came out to look at him, so tall and fair was he; but some of

the elders whispered together; and at last one of them stopped Jason, and called to him, 'Fair lad, who are

'My name, good father, is Jason, and I come from Pelion up above; and my errand is to Pelias your king; tell

But the old man started, and grew pale, and said, 'Do you not know the oracle, my son, that you go so boldly

'I am a stranger here, and know of no oracle; but what of my one sandal? I lost the other in Anauros, while I

Then the old man looked back to his companions; and one sighed, and another smiled; at last he said, 'I will

tell you, lest you rush upon your ruin unawares. The oracle in Delphi has said that a man wearing one sandal

should take the kingdom from Pelias, and keep it for himself. Therefore beware how you go up to his palace,

Then Jason laughed a great laugh, like a warhorse in his pride. 'Good news, good father, both for you and

Then he strode on toward the palace of Pelias, while all the people wondered at his bearing.

And he stood in the doorway and cried, 'Come out, come out, Pelias the valiant, and fight for your kingdom

Then Pelias lifted up his hands and eyes, and wept, or seemed to weep; and blessed the heavens which had

brought his nephew to him, never to leave him more. 'For,' said he, 'I have but three daughters, and no son to

be my heir. You shall be my heir then, and rule the kingdom after me, and marry whichsoever of my

daughters you shall choose; though a sad kingdom you will find it, and whosoever rules it a miserable man.

So he drew Jason in, whether he would or not, and spoke to him so lovingly and feasted him so well, that

Jason's anger passed; and after supper his three cousins came into the hall, and Jason thought that he should

But at last he said to Pelias, 'Why do you look so sad, my uncle? And what did you mean just now when you

Then Pelias sighed heavily again and again and again, like a man who had to tell some dreadful story, and

'For seven long years and more have I never known a quiet night; and no more will he who comes after me,

Then he told Jason the story of Phrixus, and of the golden fleece; and told him, too, which was a lie, that

Phrixus' spirit tormented him, calling to him day and night. And his daughters came, and told the same tale

(for their father had taught them their parts), and wept, and said, 'Oh who will bring home the golden fleece,

that our uncle's spirit may rest; and that we may have rest also, whom he never lets sleep in peace?'

Jason sat awhile, sad and silent; for he had often heard of that golden fleece; but he looked on it as a thing

But when Pelias saw him silent, he began to talk of other things, and courted Jason more and more, speaking

to him as if he was certain to be his heir, and asking his advice about the kingdom; till Jason, who was young

and simple, could not help saying to himself, 'Surely he is not the dark man whom people call him. Yet why

did he drive my father out?' And he asked Pelias boldly, 'Men say that you are terrible, and a man of blood;

but I find you a kind and hospitable man; and as you are to me, so will I be to you. Yet why did you drive my

Pelias smiled, and sighed. 'Men have slandered me in that, as in all things. Your father was growing old and

weary, and he gave the kingdom up to me of his own will. You shall see him tomorrow, and ask him; and he

Jason's heart leapt in him when he heard that he was to see his father; and he believed all that Pelias said,

'One thing more there is,' said Pelias, 'on which I need your advice; for, though you are young, I see in you a

wisdom beyond your years. There is one neighbour of mine, whom I dread more than all men on earth. I am

stronger than he now, and can command him; but I know that if he stay among us, he will work my ruin in

After awhile Jason answered, half laughing, 'Were I you, I would send him to fetch that same golden fleece;

And at that a bitter smile came across Pelias' lips, and a flash of wicked joy into his eyes; and Jason saw it,

and started; and over his mind came the warning of the old man, and his own one sandal, and the oracle, and

'You mean me?' cried Jason, starting up, 'because I came here with one sandal?' And he lifted his fist angrily,

while Pelias stood up to him like a wolf at bay; and whether of the two was the stronger and the fiercer it

But after a moment Pelias spoke gently, 'Why then so rash, my son? You, and not I, have said what is said;

why blame me for what I have not done? Had you bid me love the man of whom I spoke, and make him my

soninlaw and heir, I would have obeyed you; and what if I obey you now, and send the man to win himself

immortal fame? I have not harmed you, or him. One thing at least I know, that he will go, and that gladly; for

he has a hero's heart within him, loving glory, and scorning to break the word which he has given.'

Jason saw that he was entrapped; but his second promise to Cheiron came into his mind, and he thought,

'What if the Centaur were a prophet in that also, and meant that I should win the fleece!' Then he cried aloud

'You have well spoken, cunning uncle of mine! I love glory, and I dare keep to my word. I will go and fetch

this golden fleece. Promise me but this in return, and keep your word as I keep mine. Treat my father lovingly

while I am gone, for the sake of the allseeing Zeus; and give me up the kingdom for my own on the day that

Then Pelias looked at him and almost loved him, in the midst of all his hate; and said, 'I promise, and I will

perform. It will be no shame to give up my kingdom to the man who wins that fleece.' Then they swore a

But Jason could not sleep for thinking of his mighty oath, and how he was to fulfil it, all alone, and without

wealth or friends. So he tossed a long time upon his bed, and thought of this plan and of that; and sometimes

Phrixus seemed to call him, in a thin voice, faint and low, as if it came from far across the sea, 'Let me come

home to my fathers and have rest.' And sometimes he seemed to see the eyes of Hera, and to hear her words

And on the morrow he went to Pelias, and said, 'Give me a victim, that I may sacrifice to Hera.' So he went

up, and offered his sacrifice; and as he stood by the altar Hera sent a thought into his mind; and he went back

'If you are indeed in earnest, give me two heralds, that they may go round to all the princes of the Minuai,

who were pupils of the Centaur with me, that we may fit out a ship together, and take what shall befall.'

At that Pelias praised his wisdom, and hastened to send the heralds out; for he said in his heart, 'Let all the

princes go with him, and, like him, never return; for so I shall be lord of all the Minuai, and the greatest king

SO the heralds went out, and cried to all the heroes of the Minuai, 'Who dare come to the adventure of the

And Hera stirred the hearts of all the princes, and they came from all their valleys to the yellow sands of

Pagasai. And first came Heracles the mighty, with his lion's skin and club, and behind him Hylas his young

squire, who bore his arrows and his bow; and Tiphys, the skilful steersman; and Butes, the fairest of all men;

and Castor and Polydeuces the twins, the sons of the magic swan; and Caeneus, the strongest of mortals,

whom the Centaurs tried in vain to kill, and overwhelmed him with trunks of pinetrees, but even so he

would not die; and thither came Zetes and Calais, the winged sons of the north wind; and Peleus, the father of

Achilles, whose bride was silverfooted Thetis, the goddess of the sea. And thither came Telamon and

Oileus, the fathers of the two Aiantes, who fought upon the plains of Troy; and Mopsus, the wise soothsayer,

who knew the speech of birds; and Idmon, to whom Phoebus gave a tongue to prophesy of things to come;

and Ancaios, who could read the stars, and knew all the circles of the heavens; and Argus, the famed

shipbuilder, and many a hero more, in helmets of brass and gold with tall dyed horse hair crests, and

embroidered shirts of linen beneath their coats of mail, and greaves of polished tin to guard their knees in

fight; with each man his shield upon his shoulder, of many a fold of tough bull's hide, and his sword of

tempered bronze in his silverstudded belt; and in his right hand a pair of lances, of the heavy white

So they came down to Iolcos, and all the city came out to meet them, and were never tired with looking at

their height, and their beauty, and their gallant bearing and the glitter of their inlaid arms. And some said,

'Never was such a gathering of the heroes since the Hellens conquered the land.' But the women sighed over

Then they felled the pines on Pelion, and shaped them with the axe, and Argus taught them to build a galley,

the first long ship which ever sailed the seas. They pierced her for fifty oars an oar for each hero of the

crew and pitched her with coalblack pitch, and painted her bows with vermilion; and they named her

ARGO after Argus, and worked at her all day long. And at night Pelias feasted them like a king, and they

But Jason went away to the northward, and into the land of Thrace, till he found Orpheus, the prince of

minstrels, where he dwelt in his cave under Rhodope, among the savage Cicon tribes. And he asked him,

'Will you leave your mountains, Orpheus, my fellowscholar in old times, and cross Strymon once more with

me, to sail with the heroes of the Minuai, and bring home the golden fleece, and charm for us all men and all

Then Orpheus sighed, 'Have I not had enough of toil and of weary wandering, far and wide since I lived in

Cheiron's cave, above Iolcos by the sea? In vain is the skill and the voice which my goddess mother gave me;

in vain have I sung and laboured; in vain I went down to the dead, and charmed all the kings of Hades, to win

back Eurydice my bride. For I won her, my beloved, and lost her again the same day, and wandered away in

my madness, even to Egypt and the Libyan sands, and the isles of all the seas, driven on by the terrible

gadfly, while I charmed in vain the hearts of men, and the savage forest beasts, and the trees, and the lifeless

stones, with my magic harp and song, giving rest, but finding none. But at last Calliope my mother delivered

me, and brought me home in peace; and I dwell here in the cave alone, among the savage Cicon tribes,

softening their wild hearts with music and the gentle laws of Zeus. And now I must go out again, to the ends

of all the earth, far away into the misty darkness, to the last wave of the Eastern Sea. But what is doomed

must be, and a friend's demand obeyed; for prayers are the daughters of Zeus, and who honours them honours

Then Orpheus rose up sighing, and took his harp, and went over Strymon. And he led Jason to the

southwest, up the banks of Haliacmon and over the spurs of Pindus, to Dodona the town of Zeus, where it

stood by the side of the sacred lake, and the fountain which breathed out fire, in the darkness of the ancient

oakwood, beneath the mountain of the hundred springs. And he led him to the holy oak, where the black dove

settled in old times, and was changed into the priestess of Zeus, and gave oracles to all nations round. And he

bade him cut down a bough, and sacrifice to Hera and to Zeus; and they took the bough and came to Iolcos,

And at last the ship was finished, and they tried to launch her down the beach; but she was too heavy for them

to move her, and her keel sank deep into the sand. Then all the heroes looked at each other blushing; but

Jason spoke, and said, 'Let us ask the magic bough; perhaps it can help us in our need.'

Then a voice came from the bough, and Jason heard the words it said, and bade Orpheus play upon the harp,

while the heroes waited round, holding the pinetrunk rollers, to help her toward the sea.

Then Orpheus took his harp, and began his magic song 'How sweet it is to ride upon the surges, and to leap

from wave to wave, while the wind sings cheerful in the cordage, and the oars flash fast among the foam!

How sweet it is to roam across the ocean, and see new towns and wondrous lands, and to come home laden

And the good ship ARGO heard him, and longed to be away and out at sea; till she stirred in every timber,

and heaved from stem to stern, and leapt up from the sand upon the rollers, and plunged onward like a gallant

horse; and the heroes fed her path with pinetrunks, till she rushed into the whispering sea.

Then they stored her well with food and water, and pulled the ladder up on board, and settled themselves each

man to his oar, and kept time to Orpheus' harp; and away across the bay they rowed southward, while the

people lined the cliffs; and the women wept, while the men shouted, at the starting of that gallant crew.

AND what happened next, my children, whether it be true or not, stands written in ancient songs, which you

shall read for yourselves some day. And grand old songs they are, written in grand old rolling verse; and they

call them the Songs of Orpheus, or the Orphics, to this day. And they tell how the heroes came to Aphetai,

across the bay, and waited for the southwest wind, and chose themselves a captain from their crew: and how

all called for Heracles, because he was the strongest and most huge; but Heracles refused, and called for

Jason, because he was the wisest of them all. So Jason was chosen captain; and Orpheus heaped a pile of

wood, and slew a bull, and offered it to Hera, and called all the heroes to stand round, each man's head

crowned with olive, and to strike their swords into the bull. Then he filled a golden goblet with the bull's

blood, and with wheaten flour, and honey, and wine, and the bitter saltsea water, and bade the heroes taste.

So each tasted the goblet, and passed it round, and vowed an awful vow: and they vowed before the sun, and

the night, and the bluehaired sea who shakes the land, to stand by Jason faithfully in the adventure of the

golden fleece; and whosoever shrank back, or disobeyed, or turned traitor to his vow, then justice should

Then Jason lighted the pile, and burnt the carcase of the bull; and they went to their ship and sailed eastward,

like men who have a work to do; and the place from which they went was called Aphetai, the sailingplace,

from that day forth. Three thousand years and more they sailed away, into the unknown Eastern seas; and

great nations have come and gone since then, and many a storm has swept the earth; and many a mighty

armament, to which ARGO would be but one small boat; English and French, Turkish and Russian, have

sailed those waters since; yet the fame of that small ARGO lives for ever, and her name is become a proverb

So they sailed past the Isle of Sciathos, with the Cape of Sepius on their left, and turned to the northward

toward Pelion, up the long Magnesian shore. On their right hand was the open sea, and on their left old Pelion

rose, while the clouds crawled round his dark pineforests, and his caps of summer snow. And their hearts

yearned for the dear old mountain, as they thought of pleasant days gone by, and of the sports of their

boyhood, and their hunting, and their schooling in the cave beneath the cliff. And at last Peleus spoke, 'Let us

land here, friends, and climb the dear old hill once more. We are going on a fearful journey; who knows if we

shall see Pelion again? Let us go up to Cheiron our master, and ask his blessing ere we start. And I have a

boy, too, with him, whom he trains as he trained me once the son whom Thetis brought me, the

silverfooted lady of the sea, whom I caught in the cave, and tamed her, though she changed her shape seven

times. For she changed, as I held her, into water, and to vapour, and to burning flame, and to a rock, and to a

blackmaned lion, and to a tall and stately tree. But I held her and held her ever, till she took her own shape

again, and led her to my father's house, and won her for my bride. And all the rulers of Olympus came to our

wedding, and the heavens and the earth rejoiced together, when an Immortal wedded mortal man. And now

let me see my son; for it is not often I shall see him upon earth: famous he will be, but shortlived, and die in

So Tiphys the helmsman steered them to the shore under the crags of Pelion; and they went up through the

And they came into the misty hall, beneath the snowcrowned crag; and saw the great Centaur lying, with his

huge limbs spread upon the rock; and beside him stood Achilles, the child whom no steel could wound, and

Then Cheiron leapt up and welcomed them, and kissed them every one, and set a feast before them of swine's

flesh, and venison, and good wine; and young Achilles served them, and carried the golden goblet round. And

after supper all the heroes clapped their hands, and called on Orpheus to sing; but he refused, and said, 'How

can I, who am the younger, sing before our ancient host?' So they called on Cheiron to sing, and Achilles

brought him his harp; and he began a wondrous song; a famous story of old time, of the fight between the

Centaurs and the Lapithai, which you may still see carved in stone. (1) He sang how his brothers came to ruin

by their folly, when they were mad with wine; and how they and the heroes fought, with fists, and teeth, and

the goblets from which they drank; and how they tore up the pine trees in their fury, and hurled great crags

of stone, while the mountains thundered with the battle, and the land was wasted far and wide; till the

Lapithai drove them from their home in the rich Thessalian plains to the lonely glens of Pindus, leaving

Cheiron all alone. And the heroes praised his song right heartily; for some of them had helped in that great

Then Orpheus took the lyre, and sang of Chaos, and the making of the wondrous World, and how all things

sprang from Love, who could not live alone in the Abyss. And as he sang, his voice rose from the cave, above

the crags, and through the treetops, and the glens of oak and pine. And the trees bowed their heads when

they heard it, and the gray rocks cracked and rang, and the forest beasts crept near to listen, and the birds

forsook their nests and hovered round. And old Cheiron claps his hands together, and beat his hoofs upon the

Then Peleus kissed his boy, and wept over him, and they went down to the ship; and Cheiron came down

with them, weeping, and kissed them one by one, and blest them, and promised to them great renown. And

the heroes wept when they left him, till their great hearts could weep no more; for he was kind and just and

pious, and wiser than all beasts and men. Then he went up to a cliff, and prayed for them, that they might

come home safe and well; while the heroes rowed away, and watched him standing on his cliff above the sea,

with his great hands raised toward heaven, and his white locks waving in the wind; and they strained their

eyes to watch him to the last, for they felt that they should look on him no more.

So they rowed on over the long swell of the sea, past Olympus, the seat of the Immortals, and past the

wooded bays of Athos, and Samothrace the sacred isle; and they came past Lemnos to the Hellespont, and

through the narrow strait of Abydos, and so on into the Propontis, which we call Marmora now. And there

they met with Cyzicus, ruling in Asia over the Dolions, who, the songs say, was the son of AEneas, of whom

you will hear many a tale some day. For Homer tells us how he fought at Troy, and Virgil how he sailed

away and founded Rome; and men believed until late years that from him sprang our old British kings. Now

Cyzicus, the songs say, welcomed the heroes, for his father had been one of Cheiron's scholars; so he

welcomed them, and feasted them, and stored their ship with corn and wine, and cloaks and rugs, the songs

But at night, while they lay sleeping, came down on them terrible men, who lived with the bears in the

mountains, like Titans or giants in shape; for each of them had six arms, and they fought with young firs and

pines. But Heracles killed them all before morn with his deadly poisoned arrows; but among them, in the

Then they got to their ship and to their oars, and Tiphys bade them cast off the hawsers and go to sea. But as

he spoke a whirlwind came, and spun the ARGO round, and twisted the hawsers together, so that no man

could loose them. Then Tiphys dropped the rudder from his hand, and cried, 'This comes from the Gods

Then the magic bough spoke, and answered, 'This is because you have slain Cyzicus your friend. You must

Jason went back sadly, and told the heroes what he had heard. And they leapt on shore, and searched till

dawn; and at dawn they found the body, all rolled in dust and blood, among the corpses of those monstrous

beasts. And they wept over their kind host, and laid him on a fair bed, and heaped a huge mound over him,

and offered black sheep at his tomb, and Orpheus sang a magic song to him, that his spirit might have rest.

And then they held games at the tomb, after the custom of those times, and Jason gave prizes to each winner.

To Ancaeus he gave a golden cup, for he wrestled best of all; and to Heracles a silver one, for he was the

strongest of all; and to Castor, who rode best, a golden crest; and Polydeuces the boxer had a rich carpet, and

to Orpheus for his song a sandal with golden wings. But Jason himself was the best of all the archers, and the

Minuai crowned him with an olive crown; and so, the songs say, the soul of good Cyzicus was appeased and

But when Cyzicus' wife heard that he was dead she died likewise of grief; and her tears became a fountain of

Then they rowed away, the songs say, along the Mysian shore, and past the mouth of Rhindacus, till they

found a pleasant bay, sheltered by the long ridges of Arganthus, and by high walls of basalt rock. And there

they ran the ship ashore upon the yellow sand, and furled the sail, and took the mast down, and lashed it in its

And there Heracles went away into the woods, bow in hand, to hunt wild deer; and Hylas the fair boy slipt

away after him, and followed him by stealth, until he lost himself among the glens, and sat down weary to

rest himself by the side of a lake; and there the water nymphs came up to look at him, and loved him, and

carried him down under the lake to be their playfellow, for ever happy and young. And Heracles sought for

him in vain, shouting his name till all the mountains rang; but Hylas never heard him, far down under the

sparkling lake. So while Heracles wandered searching for him, a fair breeze sprang up, and Heracles was

nowhere to be found; and the ARGO sailed away, and Heracles was left behind, and never saw the noble

Then the Minuai came to a doleful land, where Amycus the giant ruled, and cared nothing for the laws of

Zeus, but challenged all strangers to box with him, and those whom he conquered he slew. But Polydeuces

the boxer struck him a harder blow than he ever felt before, and slew him; and the Minuai went on up the

Bosphorus, till they came to the city of Phineus, the fierce Bithynian king; for Zetes and Calais bade Jason

And they went up from the shore toward the city, through forests white with snow; and Phineus came out to

meet them with a lean and woful face, and said, 'Welcome, gallant heroes, to the land of bitter blasts, the land

of cold and misery; yet I will feast you as best I can.' And he led them in, and set meat before them; but

before they could put their hands to their mouths, down came two fearful monsters, the like of whom man

never saw; for they had the faces and the hair of fair maidens, but the wings and claws of hawks; and they

Then Phineus beat his breast and cried, 'These are the Harpies, whose names are the Whirlwind and the Swift,

the daughters of Wonder and of the Ambernymph, and they rob us night and day. They carried off the

daughters of Pandareus, whom all the Gods had blest; for Aphrodite fed them on Olympus with honey and

milk and wine; and Hera gave them beauty and wisdom, and Athene skill in all the arts; but when they came

to their wedding, the Harpies snatched them both away, and gave them to be slaves to the Erinnues, and live

in horror all their days. And now they haunt me, and my people, and the Bosphorus, with fearful storms; and

sweep away our food from off our tables, so that we starve in spite of all our wealth.'

Then up rose Zetes and Calais, the winged sons of the North wind, and said, 'Do you not know us, Phineus,

and these wings which grow upon our backs?' And Phineus hid his face in terror; but he answered not a word.

'Because you have been a traitor, Phineus, the Harpies haunt you night and day. Where is Cleopatra our sister,

your wife, whom you keep in prison? and where are her two children, whom you blinded in your rage, at the

bidding of an evil woman, and cast them out upon the rocks? Swear to us that you will right our sister, and

cast out that wicked woman; and then we will free you from your plague, and drive the whirlwind maidens to

the south; but if not, we will put out your eyes, as you put out the eyes of your own sons.'

Then Phineus swore an oath to them, and drove out the wicked woman; and Jason took those two poor

But Zetes and Calais rose up sadly and said, 'Farewell now, heroes all; farewell, our dear companions, with

whom we played on Pelion in old times; for a fate is laid upon us, and our day is come at last, in which we

must hunt the whirlwinds over land and sea for ever; and if we catch them they die, and if not, we die

At that all the heroes wept; but the two young men sprang up, and aloft into the air after the Harpies, and the

The heroes trembled in silence as they heard the shrieking of the blasts; while the palace rocked and all the

city, and great stones were torn from the crags, and the forest pines were hurled earthward, north and south

and east and west, and the Bosphorus boiled white with foam, and the clouds were dashed against the cliffs.

But at last the battle ended, and the Harpies fled screaming toward the south, and the sons of the Northwind

rushed after them, and brought clear sunshine where they passed. For many a league they followed them,

over all the isles of the Cyclades, and away to the southwest across Hellas, till they came to the Ionian Sea,

and there they fell upon the Echinades, at the mouth of the Achelous; and those isles were called the

Whirlwind Isles for many a hundred years. But what became of Zetes and Calais I know not, for the heroes

never saw them again: and some say that Heracles met them, and quarrelled with them, and slew them with

his arrows; and some say that they fell down from weariness and the heat of the summer sun, and that the

Sungod buried them among the Cyclades, in the pleasant Isle of Tenos; and for many hundred years their

grave was shown there, and over it a pillar, which turned to every wind. But those dark storms and

But the Argonauts went eastward, and out into the open sea, which we now call the Black Sea, but it was

called the Euxine then. No Hellen had ever crossed it, and all feared that dreadful sea, and its rocks, and

shoals, and fogs, and bitter freezing storms; and they told strange stories of it, some false and some halftrue,

how it stretched northward to the ends of the earth, and the sluggish Putrid Sea, and the everlasting night, and

the regions of the dead. So the heroes trembled, for all their courage, as they came into that wild Black Sea,

and saw it stretching out before them, without a shore, as far as eye could see.

And first Orpheus spoke, and warned them, 'We shall come now to the wandering blue rocks; my mother

And soon they saw the blue rocks shining like spires and castles of gray glass, while an icecold wind blew

from them and chilled all the heroes' hearts. And as they neared they could see them heaving, as they rolled

upon the long sea waves, crashing and grinding together, till the roar went up to heaven. The sea sprang up

in spouts between them, and swept round them in white sheets of foam; but their heads swung nodding high

The heroes' hearts sank within them, and they lay upon their oars in fear; but Orpheus called to Tiphys the

helmsman, 'Between them we must pass; so look ahead for an opening, and be brave, for Hera is with us.' But

Tiphys the cunning helmsman stood silent, clenching his teeth, till he saw a heron come flying masthigh

toward the rocks, and hover awhile before them, as if looking for a passage through. Then he cried, 'Hera has

Then the heron flapped to and fro a moment, till he saw a hidden gap, and into it he rushed like an arrow,

And the blue rocks clashed together as the bird fled swiftly through; but they struck but a feather from his

Then Tiphys cheered the heroes, and they shouted; and the oars bent like withes beneath their strokes as they

rushed between those toppling icecrags and the cold blue lips of death. And ere the rocks could meet again

And after that they sailed on wearily along the Asian coast, by the Black Cape and Thyneis, where the hot

stream of Thymbris falls into the sea, and Sangarius, whose waters float on the Euxine, till they came to Wolf

the river, and to Wolf the kindly king. And there died two brave heroes, Idmon and Tiphys the wise

helmsman: one died of an evil sickness, and one a wild boar slew. So the heroes heaped a mound above them,

and set upon it an oar on high, and left them there to sleep together, on the faroff Lycian shore. But Idas

killed the boar, and avenged Tiphys; and Ancaios took the rudder and was helmsman, and steered them on

And they went on past Sinope, and many a mighty river's mouth, and past many a barbarous tribe, and the

cities of the Amazons, the warlike women of the East, till all night they heard the clank of anvils and the roar

of furnaceblasts, and the forgefires shone like sparks through the darkness in the mountain glens aloft; for

they were come to the shores of the Chalybes, the smiths who never tire, but serve Ares the cruel Wargod,

And at daydawn they looked eastward, and midway between the sea and the sky they saw white

snowpeaks hanging, glittering sharp and bright above the clouds. And they knew that they were come to

Caucasus, at the end of all the earth: Caucasus the highest of all mountains, the father of the rivers of the

East. On his peak lies chained the Titan, while a vulture tears his heart; and at his feet are piled dark forests

And they rowed three days to the eastward, while Caucasus rose higher hour by hour, till they saw the dark

stream of Phasis rushing headlong to the sea, and, shining above the treetops, the golden roofs of King

Then out spoke Ancaios the helmsman, 'We are come to our goal at last, for there are the roofs of Aietes, and

the woods where all poisons grow; but who can tell us where among them is hid the golden fleece? Many a

But Jason cheered the heroes, for his heart was high and bold; and he said, 'I will go alone up to Aietes,

though he be the child of the Sun, and win him with soft words. Better so than to go altogether, and to come

to blows at once.' But the Minuai would not stay behind, so they rowed boldly up the stream.

And a dream came to Aietes, and filled his heart with fear. He thought he saw a shining star, which fell into

his daughter's lap; and that Medeia his daughter took it gladly, and carried it to the riverside, and cast it in,

Then he leapt up in fear, and bade his servants bring his chariot, that he might go down to the riverside and

appease the nymphs, and the heroes whose spirits haunt the bank. So he went down in his golden chariot, and

his daughters by his side, Medeia the fair witchmaiden, and Chalciope, who had been Phrixus' wife, and

behind him a crowd of servants and soldiers, for he was a rich and mighty prince.

And as he drove down by the reedy river he saw ARGO sliding up beneath the bank, and many a hero in her,

like Immortals for beauty and for strength, as their weapons glittered round them in the level morning

sunlight, through the white mist of the stream. But Jason was the noblest of all; for Hera, who loved him,

And when they came near together and looked into each other's eyes the heroes were awed before Aietes as

he shone in his chariot, like his father the glorious Sun; for his robes were of rich gold tissue, and the rays of

his diadem flashed fire; and in his hand he bore a jewelled sceptre, which glittered like the stars; and sternly

'Who are you, and what want you here, that you come to the shore of Cutaia? Do you take no account of my

rule, nor of my people the Colchians who serve me, who never tired yet in the battle, and know well how to

And the heroes sat silent awhile before the face of that ancient king. But Hera the awful goddess put courage

into Jason's heart, and he rose and shouted loudly in answer, 'We are no pirates nor lawless men. We come

not to plunder and to ravage, or carry away slaves from your land; but my uncle, the son of Poseidon, Pelias

the Minuan king, he it is who has set me on a quest to bring home the golden fleece. And these too, my bold

comrades, they are no nameless men; for some are the sons of Immortals, and some of heroes far renowned.

And we too never tire in battle, and know well how to give blows and to take: yet we wish to be guests at

Then Aietes' race rushed up like a whirlwind, and his eyes flashed fire as he heard; but he crushed his anger

'If you will fight for the fleece with my Colchians, then many a man must die. But do you indeed expect to

win from me the fleece in fight? So few you are that if you be worsted I can load your ship with your corpses.

But if you will be ruled by me, you will find it better far to choose the best man among you, and let him fulfil

the labours which I demand. Then I will give him the golden fleece for a prize and a glory to you all.'

So saying, he turned his horses and drove back in silence to the town. And the Minuai sat silent with sorrow,

and longed for Heracles and his strength; for there was no facing the thousands of the Colchians and the

But Chalciope, Phrixus' widow, went weeping to the town; for she remembered her Minuan husband, and all

the pleasures of her youth, while she watched the fair faces of his kinsmen, and their long locks of golden

hair. And she whispered to Medeia her sister, 'Why should all these brave men die? why does not my father

And Medeia's heart pitied the heroes, and Jason most of all; and she answered, 'Our father is stern and

terrible, and who can win the golden fleece?' But Chalciope said, 'These men are not like our men; there is

And Medeia thought of Jason and his brave countenance, and said, 'If there was one among them who knew

So in the dusk of evening they went down to the riverside, Chalciope and Medeia the witchmaiden, and

Argus, Phrixus' son. And Argus the boy crept forward, among the beds of reeds, till he came where the

heroes were sleeping, on the thwarts of the ship, beneath the bank, while Jason kept ward on shore, and leant

'I am the son of Phrixus, your Cousin; and Chalciope my mother waits for you, to talk about the golden

Then Jason went boldly with the boy, and found the two princesses standing; and when Chalciope saw him

she wept, and took his hands, and cried 'O cousin of my beloved, go home before you die!'

'It would be base to go home now, fair princess, and to have sailed all these seas in vain.' Then both the

'But you know not,' said Medeia, 'what he must do who would win the fleece. He must tame the two

brazenfooted bulls, who breathe devouring flame; and with them he must plough ere nightfall four acres in

the field of Ares; and he must sow them with serpents' teeth, of which each tooth springs up into an armed

man. Then he must fight with all those warriors; and little will it profit him to conquer them, for the fleece is

guarded by a serpent, more huge than any mountain pine; and over his body you must step if you would reach

Then Jason laughed bitterly. 'Unjustly is that fleece kept here, and by an unjust and lawless king; and unjustly

Then Medeia trembled, and said, 'No mortal man can reach that fleece unless I guide him through. For round

it, beyond the river, is a wall full nine ells high, with lofty towers and buttresses, and mighty gates of

threefold brass; and over the gates the wall is arched, with golden battlements above. And over the gateway

sits Brimo, the wild witchhuntress of the woods, brandishing a pinetorch in her hands, while her mad

hounds howl around. No man dare meet her or look on her, but only I her priestess, and she watches far and

'No wall so high but it may be climbed at last, and no wood so thick but it may be crawled through; no

serpent so wary but he may be charmed, or witchqueen so fierce but spells may soothe her; and I may yet

And he looked at Medeia cunningly, and held her with his glittering eye, till she blushed and trembled, and

'He whom you help,' said Jason, flattering her, 'for your fame is spread over all the earth. Are you not the

queen of all enchantresses, wiser even than your sister Circe, in her fairy island in the West?'

'Would that I were with my sister Circe in her fairy island in the West, far away from sore temptation and

thoughts which tear the heart! But if it must be so for why should you die? I have an ointment here; I

made it from the magic ice flower which sprang from Prometheus' wound, above the clouds on Caucasus, in

the dreary fields of snow. Anoint yourself with that, and you shall have in you seven men's strength; and

anoint your shield with it, and neither fire nor sword can harm you. But what you begin you must end before

sunset, for its virtue lasts only one day. And anoint your helmet with it before you sow the serpents' teeth; and

when the sons of earth spring up, cast your helmet among their ranks, and the deadly crop of the Wargod's

Then Jason fell on his knees before her, and thanked her and kissed her hands; and she gave him the vase of

ointment, and fled trembling through the reeds. And Jason told his comrades what had happened, and showed

And at sunrise Jason went and bathed, and anointed himself from head to foot, and his shield, and his helmet,

and his weapons, and bade his comrades try the spell. So they tried to bend his lance, but it stood like an iron

bar; and Idas in spite hewed at it with his sword, but the blade flew to splinters in his face. Then they hurled

their lances at his shield, but the spearpoints turned like lead; and Caineus tried to throw him, but he never

stirred a foot; and Polydeuces struck him with his fist a blow which would have killed an ox, but Jason only

smiled, and the heroes danced about him with delight; and he leapt, and ran, and shouted in the joy of that

enormous strength, till the sun rose, and it was time to go and to claim Aietes' promise.

So he sent up Telamon and Aithalides to tell Aietes that he was ready for the fight; and they went up among

the marble walls, and beneath the roofs of gold, and stood in Aietes' hall, while he grew pale with rage.

'Fulfil your promise to us, child of the blazing Sun. Give us the serpents' teeth, and let loose the fiery bulls;

And Aietes bit his lips, for he fancied that they had fled away by night: but he could not go back from his

Then he called for his chariot and his horses, and sent heralds through all the town; and all the people went

And there Aietes sat upon his throne, with his warriors on each hand, thousands and tens of thousands,

clothed from head to foot in steel chainmail. And the people and the women crowded to every window and

bank and wall; while the Minuai stood together, a mere handful in the midst of that great host.

And Chalciope was there and Argus, trembling, and Medeia, wrapped closely in her veil; but Aietes did not

Then Aietes bade open the gates, and the magic bulls leapt out. Their brazen hoofs rang upon the ground, and

their nostrils sent out sheets of flame, as they rushed with lowered heads upon Jason; but he never flinched a

step. The flame of their breath swept round him, but it singed not a hair of his head; and the bulls stopped

Then Jason sprang upon the nearest and seized him by the horn; and up and down they wrestled, till the bull

fell grovelling on his knees; for the heart of the brute died within him, and his mighty limbs were loosed,

beneath the steadfast eye of that dark witchmaiden and the magic whisper of her lips.

So both the bulls were tamed and yoked; and Jason bound them to the plough, and goaded them onward with

And all the Minuai shouted; but Aietes bit his lips with rage, for the half of Jason's work was over, and the

Then he took the serpents' teeth and sowed them, and waited what would befall. But Medeia looked at him

And every furrow heaved and bubbled, and out of every clod arose a man. Out of the earth they rose by

thousands, each clad from head to foot in steel, and drew their swords and rushed on Jason, where he stood in

Then the Minuai grew pale with fear for him; but Aietes laughed a bitter laugh. 'See! if I had not warriors

But Jason snatched off his helmet, and hurled it into the thickest of the throng. And blind madness came upon

them, suspicion, hate, and fear; and one cried to his fellow, 'Thou didst strike me!' and another, 'Thou art

Jason; thou shalt die!' So fury seized those earthborn phantoms, and each turned his hand against the rest;

and they fought and were never weary, till they all lay dead upon the ground. Then the magic furrows

opened, and the kind earth took them home into her breast and the grass grew up all green again above them,

Then the Minuai rose and shouted, till Prometheus heard them from his crag. And Jason cried, 'Lead me to

But Aietes thought, 'He has conquered the bulls, and sown and reaped the deadly crop. Who is this who is

proof against all magic? He may kill the serpent yet.' So he delayed, and sat taking counsel with his princes

till the sun went down and all was dark. Then he bade a herald cry, 'Every man to his home for tonight.

Then he turned and looked at Medeia. 'This is your doing, false witchmaid! You have helped these

Medeia shrank and trembled, and her face grew pale with fear; and Aietes knew that she was guilty, and

But the Minuai marched toward their ship, growling like lions cheated of their prey; for they saw that Aietes

meant to mock them, and to cheat them out of all their toil. And Oileus said, 'Let us go to the grove together,

And Idas the rash cried, 'Let us draw lots who shall go in first; for, while the dragon is devouring one, the rest

can slay him and carry off the fleece in peace.' But Jason held them back, though he praised them; for he

And after awhile Medeia came trembling, and wept a long while before she spoke. And at last

'My end is come, and I must die; for my father has found out that I have helped you. You he would kill if he

dared; but he will not harm you, because you have been his guests. Go then, go, and remember poor Medeia

'If you die, we die with you; for without you we cannot win the fleece, and home we will not go without it,

'You need not die,' said Jason. 'Flee home with us across the sea. Show us first how to win the fleece; for you

can do it. Why else are you the priestess of the grove? Show us but how to win the fleece, and come with us,

and you shall be my queen, and rule over the rich princes of the Minuai, in Iolcos by the sea.'

And all the heroes pressed round, and vowed to her that she should be their queen.

Medeia wept, and shuddered, and hid her face in her hands; for her heart yearned after her sisters and her

playfellows, and the home where she was brought up as a child. But at last she looked up at Jason, and spoke

'Must I leave my home and my people, to wander with strangers across the sea? The lot is cast, and I must

endure it. I will show you how to win the golden fleece. Bring up your ship to the woodside, and moor her

there against the bank; and let Jason come up at midnight, and one brave comrade with him, and meet me

Then all the heroes cried together, 'I will go!' 'and I!' 'and I!' And Idas the rash grew mad with envy; for he

longed to be foremost in all things. But Medeia calmed them, and said, 'Orpheus shall go with Jason, and

bring his magic harp; for I hear of him that he is the king of all minstrels, and can charm all things on earth.'

And Orpheus laughed for joy, and clapped his hands, because the choice had fallen on him; for in those days

So at midnight they went up the bank, and found Medeia; and beside came Absyrtus her young brother,

Then Medeia brought them to a thicket beside the Wargod's gate; and there she bade Jason dig a ditch, and

kill the lamb, and leave it there, and strew on it magic herbs and honey from the honeycomb.

Then sprang up through the earth, with the red fire flashing before her, Brimo the wild witchhuntress, while

her mad hounds howled around. She had one head like a horse's, and another like a ravening hound's, and

another like a hissing snake's, and a sword in either hand. And she leapt into the ditch with her hounds, and

they ate and drank their fill, while Jason and Orpheus trembled, and Medeia hid her eyes. And at last the

witchqueen vanished, and fled with her hounds into the woods; and the bars of the gates fell down, and the

brazen doors flew wide, and Medeia and the heroes ran forward and hurried through the poison wood, among

the dark stems of the mighty beeches, guided by the gleam of the golden fleece, until they saw it hanging on

one vast tree in the midst. And Jason would have sprung to seize it; but Medeia held him back, and pointed,

shuddering, to the tree foot, where the mighty serpent lay, coiled in and out among the roots, with a body

like a mountain pine. His coils stretched many a fathom, spangled with bronze and gold; and half of him they

And when he saw them coming he lifted up his head, and watched them with his small bright eyes, and

flashed his forked tongue, and roared like the fire among the woodlands, till the forest tossed and groaned.

For his cries shook the trees from leaf to root, and swept over the long reaches of the river, and over Aietes'

hall, and woke the sleepers in the city, till mothers clasped their children in their fear.

But Medeia called gently to him, and he stretched out his long spotted neck, and licked her hand, and looked

up in her face, as if to ask for food. Then she made a sign to Orpheus, and he began his magic song.

And as he sung, the forest grew calm again, and the leaves on every tree hung still; and the serpent's head

sank down, and his brazen coils grew limp, and his glittering eyes closed lazily, till he breathed as gently as a

child, while Orpheus called to pleasant Slumber, who gives peace to men, and beasts, and waves.

Then Jason leapt forward warily, and stept across that mighty snake, and tore the fleece from off the

There was a silence for a moment, while Jason held the golden fleece on high. Then he cried, 'Go now, good

And she went, as the heroes drove her, grim and silent all, with muffled oars, till the pinewood bent like

On and on, beneath the dewy darkness, they fled swiftly down the swirling stream; underneath black walls,

and temples, and the castles of the princes of the East; past sluicemouths, and fragrant gardens, and groves

of all strange fruits; past marshes where fat kine lay sleeping, and long beds of whispering reeds; till they

heard the merry music of the surge upon the bar, as it tumbled in the moonlight all alone.

Into the surge they rushed, and ARGO leapt the breakers like a horse; for she knew the time was come to

Into the surge they rushed, and ARGO leapt the breakers like a horse, till the heroes stopped all panting, each

Then Orpheus took his harp and sang a paean, till the heroes' hearts rose high again; and they rowed on

SO they fled away in haste to the westward; but Aietes manned his fleet and followed them. And Lynceus the

quickeyed saw him coming, while he was still many a mile away, and cried, 'I see a hundred ships, like a

flock of white swans, far in the east.' And at that they rowed hard, like heroes; but the ships came nearer

Then Medeia, the dark witchmaiden, laid a cruel and a cunning plot; for she killed Absyrtus her young

brother, and cast him into the sea, and said, 'Ere my father can take up his corpse and bury it, he must wait

And all the heroes shuddered, and looked one at the other for shame; yet they did not punish that dark

And when Aietes came to the place he saw the floating corpse; and he stopped a long while, and bewailed his

son, and took him up, and went home. But he sent on his sailors toward the westward, and bound them by a

mighty curse 'Bring back to me that dark witchwoman, that she may die a dreadful death. But if you

So the Argonauts escaped for that time: but Father Zeus saw that foul crime; and out of the heavens he sent a

storm, and swept the ship far from her course. Day after day the storm drove her, amid foam and blinding

mist, till they knew no longer where they were, for the sun was blotted from the skies. And at last the ship

struck on a shoal, amid low isles of mud and sand, and the waves rolled over her and through her, and the

Then Jason cried to Hera, 'Fair queen, who hast befriended us till now, why hast thou left us in our misery, to

die here among unknown seas? It is hard to lose the honour which we have won with such toil and danger,

Then out and spoke the magic bough which stood upon the ARGO'S beak, 'Because Father Zeus is angry, all

this has fallen on you; for a cruel crime has been done on board, and the sacred ship is foul with blood.'

At that some of the heroes cried, 'Medeia is the murderess. Let the witchwoman bear her sin, and die!' And

they seized Medeia, to hurl her into the sea, and atone for the young boy's death; but the magic bough spoke

again, 'Let her live till her crimes are full. Vengeance waits for her, slow and sure; but she must live, for you

need her still. She must show you the way to her sister Circe, who lives among the islands of the West. To

Then all the heroes wept aloud when they heard the sentence of the oak; for they knew that a dark journey lay

before them, and years of bitter toil. And some upbraided the dark witchwoman, and some said, 'Nay, we

are her debtors still; without her we should never have won the fleece.' But most of them bit their lips in

And now the sea grew calmer, and the sun shone out once more, and the heroes thrust the ship off the

sandbank, and rowed forward on their weary course under the guiding of the dark witchmaiden, into the

Whither they went I cannot tell, nor how they came to Circe's isle. Some say that they went to the westward,

and up the Ister (2) stream, and so came into the Adriatic, dragging their ship over the snowy Alps. And

others say that they went southward, into the Red Indian Sea, and past the sunny lands where spices grow,

round AEthiopia toward the West; and that at last they came to Libya, and dragged their ship across the

burning sands, and over the hills into the Syrtes, where the flats and quicksands spread for many a mile,

between rich Cyrene and the Lotuseaters' shore. But all these are but dreams and fables, and dim hints of

But all say that they came to a place where they had to drag their ship across the land nine days with ropes

and rollers, till they came into an unknown sea. And the best of all the old songs tells us how they went away

toward the North, till they came to the slope of Caucasus, where it sinks into the sea; and to the narrow

Cimmerian Bosphorus, (3) where the Titan swam across upon the bull; and thence into the lazy waters of the

still Maeotid lake. (4) And thence they went northward ever, up the Tanais, which we call Don, past the

Geloni and Sauromatai, and many a wandering shepherdtribe, and the oneeyed Arimaspi, of whom old

Greek poets tell, who steal the gold from the Griffins, in the cold Riphaian hills. (5)

And they passed the Scythian archers, and the Tauri who eat men, and the wandering Hyperboreai, who feed

their flocks beneath the polestar, until they came into the northern ocean, the dull dead Cronian Sea. (6) And

there ARGO would move on no longer; and each man clasped his elbow, and leaned his head upon his hand,

heartbroken with toil and hunger, and gave himself up to death. But brave Ancaios the helmsman cheered

up their hearts once more, and bade them leap on land, and haul the ship with ropes and rollers for many a

weary day, whether over land, or mud, or ice, I know not, for the song is mixed and broken like a dream. And

it says next, how they came to the rich nation of the famous longlived men; and to the coast of the

Cimmerians, who never saw the sun, buried deep in the glens of the snow mountains; and to the fair land of

Hermione, where dwelt the most righteous of all nations; and to the gates of the world below, and to the

And at last Ancaios shouted, 'Endure a little while, brave friends, the worst is surely past; for I can see the

pure west wind ruffle the water, and hear the roar of ocean on the sands. So raise up the mast, and set the sail,

Then out spoke the magic bough, 'Ah, would that I had perished long ago, and been whelmed by the dread

blue rocks, beneath the fierce swell of the Euxine! Better so, than to wander for ever, disgraced by the guilt of

my princes; for the blood of Absyrtus still tracks me, and woe follows hard upon woe. And now some dark

horror will clutch me, if I come near the Isle of Ierne. (7) Unless you will cling to the land, and sail southward

and southward for ever, I shall wander beyond the Atlantic, to the ocean which has no shore.'

Then they blest the magic bough, and sailed southward along the land. But ere they could pass Ierne, the land

of mists and storms, the wild wind came down, dark and roaring, and caught the sail, and strained the ropes.

And away they drove twelve nights, on the wide wild western sea, through the foam, and over the rollers,

while they saw neither sun nor stars. And they cried again, 'We shall perish, for we know not where we are.

But Lynceus the longsighted called gaily from the bows, 'Take heart again, brave sailors; for I see a

pineclad isle, and the halls of the kind Earthmother, with a crown of clouds around them.'

But Orpheus said, 'Turn from them, for no living man can land there: there is no harbour on the coast, but

So Ancaios turned the ship away; and for three days more they sailed on, till they came to Aiaia, Circe's

And there Jason bid them land, and seek about for any sign of living man. And as they went inland Circe met

them, coming down toward the ship; and they trembled when they saw her, for her hair, and face, and robes

And Circe cried, 'Ah, wretched girl, have you forgotten all your sins, that you come hither to my island,

where the flowers bloom all the year round? Where is your aged father, and the brother whom you killed?

Little do I expect you to return in safety with these strangers whom you love. I will send you food and wine:

but your ship must not stay here, for it is foul with sin, and foul with sin its crew.'

And the heroes prayed her, but in vain, and cried, 'Cleanse us from our guilt!' But she sent them away, and

Then a fair wind rose, and they sailed eastward by Tartessus on the Iberian shore, till they came to the Pillars

of Hercules, and the Mediterranean Sea. And thence they sailed on through the deeps of Sardinia, and past the

Ausonian islands, and the capes of the Tyrrhenian shore, till they came to a flowery island, upon a still bright

summer's eve. And as they neared it, slowly and wearily, they heard sweet songs upon the shore. But when

Medeia heard it, she started, and cried, 'Beware, all heroes, for these are the rocks of the Sirens. You must

pass close by them, for there is no other channel; but those who listen to that song are lost.'

Then Orpheus spoke, the king of all minstrels, 'Let them match their song against mine. I have charmed

stones, and trees, and dragons, how much more the hearts of men!' So he caught up his lyre, and stood upon

And now they could see the Sirens on Anthemousa, the flowery isle; three fair maidens sitting on the beach,

beneath a red rock in the setting sun, among beds of crimson poppies and golden asphodel. Slowly they sung

and sleepily, with silver voices, mild and clear, which stole over the golden waters, and into the hearts of all

And all things stayed around and listened; the gulls sat in white lines along the rocks; on the beach great seals

lay basking, and kept time with lazy heads; while silver shoals of fish came up to hearken, and whispered as

they broke the shining calm. The Wind overhead hushed his whistling, as he shepherded his clouds toward

the west; and the clouds stood in mid blue, and listened dreaming, like a flock of golden sheep.

And as the heroes listened, the oars fell from their hands, and their heads drooped on their breasts, and they

closed their heavy eyes; and they dreamed of bright still gardens, and of slumbers under murmuring pines, till

Then one lifted his head suddenly, and cried, 'What use in wandering for ever? Let us stay here and rest

awhile.' And another, 'Let us row to the shore, and hear the words they sing.' And another, 'I care not for the

And Butes, the son of Pandion, the fairest of all mortal men, leapt out and swam toward the shore, crying, 'I

Then Medeia clapped her hands together, and cried, 'Sing louder, Orpheus, sing a bolder strain; wake up

Then Orpheus lifted his harp, and crashed his cunning hand across the strings; and his music and his voice

rose like a trumpet through the still evening air; into the air it rushed like thunder, till the rocks rang and the

sea; and into their souls it rushed like wine, till all hearts beat fast within their breasts.

And he sung the song of Perseus, how the Gods led him over land and sea, and how he slew the loathly

Gorgon, and won himself a peerless bride; and how he sits now with the Gods upon Olympus, a shining star

So Orpheus sang, and the Sirens, answering each other across the golden sea, till Orpheus' voice drowned the

And they cried, 'We will be men like Perseus, and we will dare and suffer to the last. Sing us his song again,

And as Orpheus sang, they dashed their oars into the sea, and kept time to his music, as they fled fast away;

and the Sirens' voices died behind them, in the hissing of the foam along their wake.

But Butes swam to the shore, and knelt down before the Sirens, and cried, 'Sing on! sing on!' But he could

say no more, for a charmed sleep came over him, and a pleasant humming in his ears; and he sank all along

upon the pebbles, and forgot all heaven and earth, and never looked at that sad beach around him, all strewn

Then slowly rose up those three fair sisters, with a cruel smile upon their lips; and slowly they crept down

towards him, like leopards who creep upon their prey; and their hands were like the talons of eagles as they

But fairest Aphrodite saw him from the highest Idalian peak, and she pitied his youth and his beauty, and

leapt up from her golden throne; and like a falling star she cleft the sky, and left a trail of glittering light, till

she stooped to the Isle of the Sirens, and snatched their prey from their claws. And she lifted Butes as he lay

sleeping, and wrapt him in golden mist; and she bore him to the peak of Lilybaeum, and he slept there many a

But when the Sirens saw that they were conquered, they shrieked for envy and rage, and leapt from the beach

Then they came to the straits by Lilybaeum, and saw Sicily, the threecornered island, under which

Enceladus the giant lies groaning day and night, and when he turns the earth quakes, and his breath bursts out

in roaring flames from the highest cone of AEtna, above the chestnut woods. And there Charybdis caught

them in its fearful coils of wave, and rolled masthigh about them, and spun them round and round; and they

And while they struggled they saw near them, on the other side the strait, a rock stand in the water, with its

peak wrapt round in clouds a rock which no man could climb, though he had twenty hands and feet, for the

stone was smooth and slippery, as if polished by man's hand; and halfway up a misty cave looked out toward

And when Orpheus saw it he groaned, and struck his hands together. And 'Little will it help us,' he cried, 'to

escape the jaws of the whirlpool; for in that cave lives Scylla, the seahag with a young whelp's voice; my

mother warned me of her ere we sailed away from Hellas; she has six heads, and six long necks, and hides in

that dark cleft. And from her cave she fishes for all things which pass by for sharks, and seals, and

dolphins, and all the herds of Amphitrite. And never ship's crew boasted that they came safe by her rock, for

she bends her long necks down to them, and every mouth takes up a man. And who will help us now? For

Hera and Zeus hate us, and our ship is foul with guilt; so we must die, whatever befalls.'

Then out of the depths came Thetis, Peleus' silverfooted bride, for love of her gallant husband, and all her

nymphs around her; and they played like snowwhite dolphins, diving on from wave to wave, before the

ship, and in her wake, and beside her, as dolphins play. And they caught the ship, and guided her, and passed

her on from hand to hand, and tossed her through the billows, as maidens toss the ball. And when Scylla

stooped to seize her, they struck back her ravening heads, and foul Scylla whined, as a whelp whines, at the

touch of their gentle hands. But she shrank into her cave affrighted for all bad things shrink from good

and ARGO leapt safe past her, while a fair breeze rose behind. Then Thetis and her nymphs sank down to

their coral caves beneath the sea, and their gardens of green and purple, where live flowers bloom all the year

After that they rowed on steadily for many a weary day, till they saw a long high island, and beyond it a

mountain land. And they searched till they found a harbour, and there rowed boldly in. But after awhile they

stopped, and wondered, for there stood a great city on the shore, and temples and walls and gardens, and

castles high in air upon the cliffs. And on either side they saw a harbour, with a narrow mouth, but wide

Then Ancaios, the wise helmsman, spoke, 'What new wonder is this? I know all isles, and harbours, and the

windings of all seas; and this should be Corcyra, where a few wild goat herds dwell. But whence come these

But Jason said, 'They can be no savage people. We will go in and take our chance.'

So they rowed into the harbour, among a thousand blackbeaked ships, each larger far than ARGO, toward a

quay of polished stone. And they wondered at that mighty city, with its roofs of burnished brass, and long and

lofty walls of marble, with strong palisades above. And the quays were full of people, merchants, and

mariners, and slaves, going to and fro with merchandise among the crowd of ships. And the heroes' hearts

were humbled, and they looked at each other and said, 'We thought ourselves a gallant crew when we sailed

from Iolcos by the sea; but how small we look before this city, like an ant before a hive of bees.'

Then the sailors hailed them roughly from the quay, 'What men are you? we want no strangers here, nor

But Jason answered gently, with many a flattering word, and praised their city and their harbour, and their

fleet of gallant ships. 'Surely you are the children of Poseidon, and the masters of the sea; and we are but poor

wandering mariners, worn out with thirst and toil. Give us but food and water, and we will go on our voyage

Then the sailors laughed, and answered, 'Stranger, you are no fool; you talk like an honest man, and you shall

find us honest too. We are the children of Poseidon, and the masters of the sea; but come ashore to us, and

So they limped ashore, all stiff and weary, with long ragged beards and sunburnt cheeks, and garments torn

and weather stained, and weapons rusted with the spray, while the sailors laughed at them (for they were

roughtongued, though their hearts were frank and kind). And one said, 'These fellows are but raw sailors;

they look as if they had been seasick all the day.' And another, 'Their legs have grown crooked with much

At that Idas the rash would have struck them; but Jason held him back, till one of the merchant kings spoke to

'Do not be angry, strangers; the sailor boys must have their jest. But we will treat you justly and kindly, for

strangers and poor men come from God; and you seem no common sailors by your strength, and height, and

weapons. Come up with me to the palace of Alcinous, the rich seagoing king, and we will feast you well

But Medeia hung back, and trembled, and whispered in Jason's ear, 'We are betrayed, and are going to our

ruin, for I see my countrymen among the crowd; darkeyed Colchi in steel mailshirts, such as they wear in

'It is too late to turn,' said Jason. And he spoke to the merchant king, 'What country is this, good sir; and what

'This is the land of the Phaeaces, beloved by all the Immortals; for they come hither and feast like friends

with us, and sit by our side in the hall. Hither we came from Liburnia to escape the unrighteous Cyclopes; for

they robbed us, peaceful merchants, of our hardearned wares and wealth. So Nausithous, the son of

Poseidon, brought us hither, and died in peace; and now his son Alcinous rules us, and Arete the wisest of

So they went up across the square, and wondered still more as they went; for along the quays lay in order

great cables, and yards, and masts, before the fair temple of Poseidon, the bluehaired king of the seas. And

round the square worked the shipwrights, as many in number as ants, twining ropes, and hewing timber, and

smoothing long yards and oars. And the Minuai went on in silence through clean white marble streets, till

they came to the hall of Alcinous, and they wondered then still more. For the lofty palace shone aloft in the

sun, with walls of plated brass, from the threshold to the innermost chamber, and the doors were of silver and

gold. And on each side of the doorway sat living dogs of gold, who never grew old or died, so well

Hephaistos had made them in his forges in smoking Lemnos, and gave them to Alcinous to guard his gates by

night. And within, against the walls, stood thrones on either side, down the whole length of the hall, strewn

with rich glossy shawls; and on them the merchant kings of those crafty searoving Phaeaces sat eating and

drinking in pride, and feasting there all the year round. And boys of molten gold stood each on a polished

altar, and held torches in their hands, to give light all night to the guests. And round the house sat fifty

maidservants, some grinding the meal in the mill, some turning the spindle, some weaving at the loom,

while their hands twinkled as they passed the shuttle, like quivering aspen leaves.

And outside before the palace a great garden was walled round, filled full of stately fruittrees, gray olives

and sweet figs, and pomegranates, pears, and apples, which bore the whole year round. For the rich

southwest wind fed them, till pear grew ripe on pear, fig on fig, and grape on grape, all the winter and the

spring. And at the farther end gay flowerbeds bloomed through all seasons of the year; and two fair

fountains rose, and ran, one through the garden grounds, and one beneath the palace gate, to water all the

So they went in, and saw him sitting, like Poseidon, on his throne, with his golden sceptre by him, in

garments stiff with gold, and in his hand a sculptured goblet, as he pledged the merchant kings; and beside

him stood Arete, his wise and lovely queen, and leaned against a pillar as she spun her golden threads.

Then Alcinous rose, and welcomed them, and bade them sit and eat; and the servants brought them tables,

But Medeia went on trembling toward Arete the fair queen, and fell at her knees, and clasped them, and cried,

'I am your guest, fair queen, and I entreat you by Zeus, from whom prayers come. Do not send me back to my

father to die some dreadful death; but let me go my way, and bear my burden. Have I not had enough of

'I am Medeia, daughter of Aietes, and I saw my countrymen here today; and I know that they are come to

Then Arete frowned, and said, 'Lead this girl in, my maidens; and let the kings decide, not I.'

And Alcinous leapt up from his throne, and cried, 'Speak, strangers, who are you? And who is this maiden?'

'We are the heroes of the Minuai,' said Jason; 'and this maiden has spoken truth. We are the men who took the

golden fleece, the men whose fame has run round every shore. We came hither out of the ocean, after sorrows

such as man never saw before. We went out many, and come back few, for many a noble comrade have we

lost. So let us go, as you should let your guests go, in peace; that the world may say, "Alcinous is a just

'Had not the deed been done which is done, I should have said this day to myself, "It is an honour to

Alcinous, and to his children after him, that the farfamed Argonauts are his guests." But these Colchi are my

guests, as you are; and for this month they have waited here with all their fleet, for they have hunted all the

seas of Hellas, and could not find you, and dared neither go farther, nor go home.'

'No guests of ours shall fight upon our island, and if you go outside they will outnumber you. I will do justice

Then he turned to his kings, and said, 'This may stand over till tomorrow. Tonight we will feast our guests,

and hear the story of all their wanderings, and how they came hither out of the ocean.'

So Alcinous bade the servants take the heroes in, and bathe them, and give them clothes. And they were glad

when they saw the warm water, for it was long since they had bathed. And they washed off the seasalt from

their limbs, and anointed themselves from head to foot with oil, and combed out their golden hair. Then they

came back again into the hall, while the merchant kings rose up to do them honour. And each man said to his

neighbour, 'No wonder that these men won fame. How they stand now like Giants, or Titans, or Immortals

come down from Olympus, though many a winter has worn them, and many a fearful storm. What must they

Then they went out to the garden; and the merchant princes said, 'Heroes, run races with us. Let us see whose

'We cannot race against you, for our limbs are stiff from sea; and we have lost our two swift comrades, the

sons of the north wind. But do not think us cowards: if you wish to try our strength, we will shoot, and box,

And Alcinous smiled, and answered, 'I believe you, gallant guests; with your long limbs and broad shoulders,

we could never match you here. For we care nothing here for boxing, or for shooting with the bow; but for

feasts, and songs, and harping, and dancing, and running races, to stretch our limbs on shore.'

So they danced there and ran races, the jolly merchant kings, till the night fell, and all went in.

And then they ate and drank, and comforted their weary souls, till Alcinous called a herald, and bade him go

The herald went out, and fetched the harper, and led him in by the hand; and Alcinous cut him a piece of

meat, from the fattest of the haunch, and sent it to him, and said, 'Sing to us, noble harper, and rejoice the

So the harper played and sang, while the dancers danced strange figures; and after that the tumblers showed

Then, 'Tell me, heroes,' asked Alcinous, 'you who have sailed the ocean round, and seen the manners of all

nations, have you seen such dancers as ours here, or heard such music and such singing? We hold ours to be

'Such dancing we have never seen,' said Orpheus; 'and your singer is a happy man, for Phoebus himself must

have taught him, or else he is the son of a Muse, as I am also, and have sung once or twice, though not so

'Sing to us, then, noble stranger,' said Alcinous; 'and we will give you precious gifts.'

So Orpheus took his magic harp, and sang to them a stirring song of their voyage from Iolcos, and their

dangers, and how they won the golden fleece; and of Medeia's love, and how she helped them, and went with

them over land and sea; and of all their fearful dangers, from monsters, and rocks, and storms, till the heart of

Arete was softened, and all the women wept. And the merchant kings rose up, each man from off his golden

throne, and clapped their hands, and shouted, 'Hail to the noble Argonauts, who sailed the unknown sea!'

Then he went on, and told their journey over the sluggish northern main, and through the shoreless outer

ocean, to the fairy island of the west; and of the Sirens, and Scylla, and Charybdis, and all the wonders they

had seen, till midnight passed and the day dawned; but the kings never thought of sleep. Each man sat still

And at last, when Orpheus had ended, they all went thoughtful out, and the heroes lay down to sleep, beneath

the sounding porch outside, where Arete had strewn them rugs and carpets, in the sweet still summer night.

But Arete pleaded hard with her husband for Medeia, for her heart was softened. And she said, 'The Gods

will punish her, not we. After all, she is our guest and my suppliant, and prayers are the daughters of Zeus.

And Alcinous smiled. 'The minstrel's song has charmed you: but I must remember what is right, for songs

cannot alter justice; and I must be faithful to my name. Alcinous I am called, the man of sturdy sense; and

Alcinous I will be.' But for all that Arete besought him, until she won him round.

So next morning he sent a herald, and called the kings into the square, and said, 'This is a puzzling matter:

remember but one thing. These Minuai live close by us, and we may meet them often on the seas; but Aietes

lives afar off, and we have only heard his name. Which, then, of the two is it safer to offend the men near

The princes laughed, and praised his wisdom; and Alcinous called the heroes to the square, and the Colchi

also; and they came and stood opposite each other, but Medeia stayed in the palace. Then Alcinous spoke,

'To carry her home with us, that she may die a shameful death; but if we return without her, we must die the

'I say,' said the cunning Jason, 'that they are come here on a bootless errand. Do you think that you can make

her follow you, heroes of the Colchi her, who knows all spells and charms? She will cast away your ships

on quicksands, or call down on you Brimo the wild huntress; or the chains will fall from off her wrists, and

she will escape in her dragoncar; or if not thus, some other way, for she has a thousand plans and wiles. And

why return home at all, brave heroes, and face the long seas again, and the Bosphorus, and the stormy

Euxine, and double all your toil? There is many a fair land round these coasts, which waits for gallant men

like you. Better to settle there, and build a city, and let Aietes and Colchis help themselves.'

Then a murmur rose among the Colchi, and some cried 'He has spoken well;' and some, 'We have had enough

of roving, we will sail the seas no more!' And the chief said at last, 'Be it so, then; a plague she has been to us,

and a plague to the house of her father, and a plague she will be to you. Take her, since you are no wiser; and

Then Alcinous gave them food, and water, and garments, and rich presents of all sorts; and he gave the same

So Jason kept the dark witchmaiden to breed him woe and shame; and the Colchi went northward into the

Then the heroes rowed away to the eastward, to reach Hellas, their beloved land; but a storm came down

upon them, and swept them far away toward the south. And they rowed till they were spent with struggling,

through the darkness and the blinding rain; but where they were they could not tell, and they gave up all hope

of life. And at last touched the ground, and when daylight came waded to the shore; and saw nothing round

but sand and desolate salt pools, for they had come to the quicksands of the Syrtis, and the dreary treeless

flats which lie between Numidia and Cyrene, on the burning shore of Africa. And there they wandered

starving for many a weary day, ere they could launch their ship again, and gain the open sea. And there

Canthus was killed, while he was trying to drive off sheep, by a stone which a herdsman threw.

And there too Mopsus died, the seer who knew the voices of all birds; but he could not foretell his own end,

for he was bitten in the foot by a snake, one of those which sprang from the Gorgon's head when Perseus

At last they rowed away toward the northward, for many a weary day, till their water was spent, and their

food eaten; and they were worn out with hunger and thirst. But at last they saw a long steep island, and a blue

peak high among the clouds; and they knew it for the peak of Ida, and the famous land of Crete. And they

said, 'We will land in Crete, and see Minos the just king, and all his glory and his wealth; at least he will treat

But when they came nearer to the island they saw a wondrous sight upon the cliffs. For on a cape to the

westward stood a giant, taller than any mountain pine, who glittered aloft against the sky like a tower of

burnished brass. He turned and looked on all sides round him, till he saw the ARGO and her crew; and when

he saw them he came toward them, more swiftly than the swiftest horse, leaping across the glens at a bound,

and striding at one step from down to down. And when he came abreast of them he brandished his arms up

and down, as a ship hoists and lowers her yards, and shouted with his brazen throat like a trumpet from off

Then the heroes cried, 'We are no pirates. We are all good men and true, and all we ask is food and water;' but

'You are robbers, you are pirates all; I know you; and if you land, you shall die the death.'

Then he waved his arms again as a signal, and they saw the people flying inland, driving their flocks before

them, while a great flame arose among the hills. Then the giant ran up a valley and vanished, and the heroes

But Medeia stood watching all from under her steep black brows, with a cunning smile upon her lips, and a

cunning plot within her heart. At last she spoke, 'I know this giant. I heard of him in the East. Hephaistos the

Fire King made him in his forge in AEtna beneath the earth, and called him Talus, and gave him to Minos for

a servant, to guard the coast of Crete. Thrice a day he walks round the island, and never stops to sleep; and if

strangers land he leaps into his furnace, which flames there among the hills; and when he is redhot he rushes

Then all the heroes cried, 'What shall we do, wise Medeia? We must have water, or we die of thirst. Flesh and

'I can face redhot brass, if the tale I hear be true. For they say that he has but one vein in all his body, filled

with liquid fire; and that this vein is closed with a nail: but I know not where that nail is placed. But if I can

Then she bade them put her on shore, and row off again, and wait what would befall.

And the heroes obeyed her unwillingly, for they were ashamed to leave her so alone; but Jason said, 'She is

dearer to me than to any of you, yet I will trust her freely on shore; she has more plots than we can dream of

So they left the witchmaiden on the shore; and she stood there in her beauty all alone, till the giant strode

back redhot from head to heel, while the grass hissed and smoked beneath his tread.

And when he saw the maiden alone, he stopped; and she looked boldly up into his face without moving, and

'Life is short, though life is sweet; and even men of brass and fire must die. The brass must rust, the fire must

cool, for time gnaws all things in their turn. Life is short, though life is sweet: but sweeter to live for ever;

sweeter to live ever youthful like the Gods, who have ichor in their veins ichor which gives life, and youth,

Then Talus said, 'Who are you, strange maiden, and where is this ichor of youth?'

Then Medeia held up a flask of crystal, and said, 'Here is the ichor of youth. I am Medeia the enchantress; my

sister Circe gave me this, and said, "Go and reward Talus, the faithful servant, for his fame is gone out into

all lands." So come, and I will pour this into your veins, that you may live for ever young.'

And he listened to her false words, that simple Talus, and came near; and Medeia said, 'Dip yourself in the

sea first, and cool yourself, lest you burn my tender hands; then show me where the nail in your vein is, that I

Then that simple Talus dipped himself in the sea, till it hissed, and roared, and smoked; and came and knelt

And she drew the nail out gently, but she poured no ichor in; and instead the liquid fire spouted forth, like a

stream of redhot iron. And Talus tried to leap up, crying, 'You have betrayed me, false witchmaiden!' But

she lifted up her hands before him, and sang, till he sank beneath her spell. And as he sank, his brazen limbs

clanked heavily, and the earth groaned beneath his weight; and the liquid fire ran from his heel, like a stream

of lava, to the sea; and Medeia laughed, and called to the heroes, 'Come ashore, and water your ship in peace.'

So they came, and found the giant lying dead; and they fell down, and kissed Medeia's feet; and watered their

At last, after many more adventures, they came to the Cape of Malea, at the southwest point of the

Peloponnese. And there they offered sacrifices, and Orpheus purged them from their guilt. Then they rode

away again to the northward, past the Laconian shore, and came all worn and tired by Sunium, and up the

long Euboean Strait, until they saw once more Pelion, and Aphetai, and Iolcos by the sea.

And they ran the ship ashore; but they had no strength left to haul her up the beach; and they crawled out on

the pebbles, and sat down, and wept till they could weep no more. For the houses and the trees were all

altered; and all the faces which they saw were strange; and their joy was swallowed up in sorrow, while they

thought of their youth, and all their labour, and the gallant comrades they had lost.

And the people crowded round, and asked them 'Who are you, that you sit weeping here?'

'We are the sons of your princes, who sailed out many a year ago. We went to fetch the golden fleece, and we

have brought it, and grief therewith. Give us news of our fathers and our mothers, if any of them be left alive

Then there was shouting, and laughing, and weeping; and all the kings came to the shore, and they led away

Then Jason went up with Medeia to the palace of his uncle Pelias. And when he came in Pelias sat by the

hearth, crippled and blind with age; while opposite him sat AEson, Jason's father, crippled and blind likewise;

and the two old men's heads shook together as they tried to warm themselves before the fire.

And Jason fell down at his father's knees, and wept, and called him by his name. And the old man stretched

his hands out, and felt him, and said, 'Do not mock me, young hero. My son Jason is dead long ago at sea.'

'I am your own son Jason, whom you trusted to the Centaur upon Pelion; and I have brought home the golden

fleece, and a princess of the Sun's race for my bride. So now give me up the kingdom, Pelias my uncle, and

Then his father clung to him like a child, and wept, and would not let him go; and cried, 'Now I shall not go

AND now I wish that I could end my story pleasantly; but it is no fault of mine that I cannot. The old songs

end it sadly, and I believe that they are right and wise; for though the heroes were purified at Malea, yet

sacrifices cannot make bad hearts good, and Jason had taken a wicked wife, and he had to bear his burden to

And first she laid a cunning plot to punish that poor old Pelias, instead of letting him die in peace.

For she told his daughters, 'I can make old things young again; I will show you how easy it is to do.' So she

took an old ram and killed him, and put him in a cauldron with magic herbs; and whispered her spells over

him, and he leapt out again a young lamb. So that 'Medeia's cauldron' is a proverb still, by which we mean

times of war and change, when the world has become old and feeble, and grows young again through bitter

Then she said to Pelias' daughters, 'Do to your father as I did to this ram, and he will grow young and strong

again.' But she only told them half the spell; so they failed, while Medeia mocked them; and poor old Pelias

died, and his daughters came to misery. But the songs say she cured AEson, Jason's father, and he became

But Jason could not love her, after all her cruel deeds. So he was ungrateful to her, and wronged her; and she

revenged herself on him. And a terrible revenge she took too terrible to speak of here. But you will hear of

it yourselves when you grow up, for it has been sung in noble poetry and music; and whether it be true or not,

it stands for ever as a warning to us not to seek for help from evil persons, or to gain good ends by evil

means. For if we use an adder even against our enemies, it will turn again and sting us.

But of all the other heroes there is many a brave tale left, which I have no space to tell you, so you must read

them for yourselves; of the hunting of the boar in Calydon, which Meleager killed; and of Heracles' twelve

famous labours; and of the seven who fought at Thebes; and of the noble love of Castor and Polydeuces, the

twin Dioscouroi how when one died the other would not live without him, so they shared their immortality

between them; and Zeus changed them into the two twin stars which never rise both at once.

And what became of Cheiron, the good immortal beast? That, too, is a sad story; for the heroes never saw

him more. He was wounded by a poisoned arrow, at Pholoe among the hills, when Heracles opened the fatal

winejar, which Cheiron had warned him not to touch. And the Centaurs smelt the wine, and flocked to it,

and fought for it with Heracles; but he killed them all with his poisoned arrows, and Cheiron was left alone.

Then Cheiron took up one of the arrows, and dropped it by chance upon his foot; and the poison ran like fire

along his veins, and he lay down and longed to die; and cried, 'Through wine I perish, the bane of all my race.

Why should I live for ever in this agony? Who will take my immortality, that I may die?'

Then Prometheus answered, the good Titan, whom Heracles had set free from Caucasus, 'I will take your

immortality and live for ever, that I may help poor mortal men.' So Cheiron gave him his immortality, and

died, and had rest from pain. And Heracles and Prometheus wept over him, and went to bury him on Pelion;

but Zeus took him up among the stars, to live for ever, grand and mild, low down in the far southern sky.

And in time the heroes died, all but Nestor, the silver tongued old man; and left behind them valiant sons,

but not so great as they had been. Yet their fame, too, lives till this day, for they fought at the ten years' siege

of Troy: and their story is in the book which we call Homer, in two of the noblest songs on earth the 'Iliad,'

which tells us of the siege of Troy, and Achilles' quarrel with the kings; and the 'Odyssey,' which tells the

wanderings of Odysseus, through many lands for many years, and how Alcinous sent him home at last, safe

to Ithaca his beloved island, and to Penelope his faithful wife, and Telemachus his son, and Euphorbus the

noble swineherd, and the old dog who licked his hand and died. We will read that sweet story, children, by

the fire some winter night. And now I will end my tale, and begin another and a more cheerful one, of a hero

ONCE upon a time there was a princess in Troezene, Aithra, the daughter of Pittheus the king. She had one

fair son, named Theseus, the bravest lad in all the land; and Aithra never smiled but when she looked at him,

for her husband had forgotten her, and lived far away. And she used to go up to the mountain above

Troezene, to the temple of Poseidon and sit there all day looking out across the bay, over Methana, to the

purple peaks of AEgina and the Attic shore beyond. And when Theseus was full fifteen years old she took

him up with her to the temple, and into the thickets of the grove which grew in the templeyard. And she led

him to a tall planetree, beneath whose shade grew arbutus, and lentisk, and purple heatherbushes. And

there she sighed, and said, 'Theseus, my son, go into that thicket and you will find at the planetree foot a

Then Theseus pushed his way in through the thick bushes, and saw that they had not been moved for many a

year. And searching among their roots he found a great flat stone, all overgrown with ivy, and acanthus, and

moss. He tried to lift it, but he could not. And he tried till the sweat ran down his brow from heat, and the

tears from his eyes for shame; but all was of no avail. And at last he came back to his mother, and said, 'I

have found the stone, but I cannot lift it; nor do I think that any man could in all Troezene.'

Then she sighed, and said, 'The Gods wait long; but they are just at last. Let it be for another year. The day

Then she took him by the hand, and went into the temple and prayed, and came down again with Theseus to

And when a full year was past she led Theseus up again to the temple, and bade him lift the stone; but he

Then she sighed, and said the same words again, and went down, and came again the next year; but Theseus

could not lift the stone then, nor the year after; and he longed to ask his mother the meaning of that stone, and

what might lie underneath it; but her face was so sad that he had not the heart to ask.

So he said to himself, 'The day shall surely come when I will lift that stone, though no man in Troezene can.'

And in order to grow strong he spent all his days in wrestling, and boxing, and hurling, and taming horses,

and hunting the boar and the bull, and coursing goats and deer among the rocks; till upon all the mountains

there was no hunter so swift as Theseus; and he killed Phaia the wild sow of Crommyon, which wasted all the

And when his eighteenth year was past, Aithra led him up again to the temple, and said, 'Theseus, lift the

stone this day, or never know who you are.' And Theseus went into the thicket, and stood over the stone, and

tugged at it; and it moved. Then his spirit swelled within him, and he said, 'If I break my heart in my body, it

shall up.' And he tugged at it once more, and lifted it, and rolled it over with a shout.

And when he looked beneath it, on the ground lay a sword of bronze, with a hilt of glittering gold, and by it a

pair of golden sandals; and he caught them up, and burst through the bushes like a wild boar, and leapt to his

But when she saw them she wept long in silence, hiding her fair face in her shawl; and Theseus stood by her

wondering, and wept also, he knew not why. And when she was tired of weeping, she lifted up her head, and

laid her finger on her lips, and said, 'Hide them in your bosom, Theseus my son, and come with me where we

Then they went outside the sacred wall, and looked down over the bright blue sea; and Aithra said

And she said, 'It is but a little land, barren and rocky, and looks towards the bleak northeast. Do you see that

'That is a fair land and large, Theseus my son; and it looks toward the sunny south; a land of oliveoil and

honey, the joy of Gods and men. For the Gods have girdled it with mountains, whose veins are of pure silver,

and their bones of marble white as snow; and there the hills are sweet with thyme and basil, and the meadows

with violet and asphodel, and the nightingales sing all day in the thickets, by the side of everflowing

streams. There are twelve towns well peopled, the homes of an ancient race, the children of Kekrops the

serpent king, the son of Mother Earth, who wear gold cicalas among the tresses of their golden hair; for like

the cicalas they sprang from the earth, and like the cicalas they sing all day, rejoicing in the genial sun. What

Then Theseus stood astonished, as he looked across the broad bright sea, and saw the fair Attic shore, from

Sunium to Hymettus and Pentelicus, and all the mountain peaks which girdle Athens round. But Athens itself

Then his heart grew great within him, and he said, 'If I were king of such a land I would rule it wisely and

well in wisdom and in might, that when I died all men might weep over my tomb, and cry, "Alas for the

And Aithra smiled, and said, 'Take, then, the sword and the sandals, and go to AEgeus, king of Athens, who

lives on Pallas' hill; and say to him, "The stone is lifted, but whose is the pledge beneath it?" Then show him

But she answered, 'Weep not for me. That which is fated must be; and grief is easy to those who do nought

but grieve. Full of sorrow was my youth, and full of sorrow my womanhood. Full of sorrow was my youth

for Bellerophon, the slayer of the Chimaera, whom my father drove away by treason; and full of sorrow my

womanhood, for thy treacherous father and for thee; and full of sorrow my old age will be (for I see my fate

in dreams), when the sons of the Swan shall carry me captive to the hollow vale of Eurotas, till I sail across

the seas a slave, the handmaid of the pest of Greece. Yet shall I be avenged, when the goldenhaired heroes

sail against Troy, and sack the palaces of Ilium; then my son shall set me free from thraldom, and I shall hear

the tale of Theseus' fame. Yet beyond that I see new sorrows; but I can bear them as I have borne the past.'

Then she kissed Theseus, and wept over him; and went into the temple, and Theseus saw her no more.

SO Theseus stood there alone, with his mind full of many hopes. And first he thought of going down to the

harbour and hiring a swift ship, and sailing across the bay to Athens; but even that seemed too slow for him,

and he longed for wings to fly across the sea, and find his father. But after a while his heart began to fail him;

'What if my father have other sons about him whom he loves? What if he will not receive me? And what have

I done that he should receive me? He has forgotten me ever since I was born: why should he welcome me

Then he thought a long while sadly; and at the last he cried aloud, 'Yes! I will make him love me; for I will

prove myself worthy of his love. I will win honour and renown, and do such deeds that AEgeus shall be

proud of me, though he had fifty other sons! Did not Heracles win himself honour, though he was opprest,

and the slave of Eurystheus? Did he not kill all robbers and evil beasts, and drain great lakes and marshes,

breaking the hills through with his club? Therefore it was that all men honoured him, because he rid them of

their miseries, and made life pleasant to them and their children after them. Where can I go, to do as Heracles

has done? Where can I find strange adventures, robbers, and monsters, and the children of hell, the enemies

of men? I will go by land, and into the mountains, and round by the way of the Isthmus. Perhaps there I may

So he went by land, and away into the mountains, with his father's sword upon his thigh, till he came to the

Spider mountains, which hang over Epidaurus and the sea, where the glens run downward from one peak in

And he went up into the gloomy glens, between the furrowed marble walls, till the lowland grew blue

But he went up and up for ever, through the spider's web of glens, till he could see the narrow gulfs spread

below him, north and south, and east and west; black cracks halfchoked with mists, and above all a dreary

But over that down he must go, for there was no road right or left; so he toiled on through bog and brake, till

And on the stones a man was sitting, wrapt in a bearskin cloak. The head of the bear served him for a cap,

and its teeth grinned white around his brows; and the feet were tied about his throat, and their claws shone

white upon his chest. And when he saw Theseus he rose, and laughed till the glens rattled.

'And who art thou, fair fly, who hast walked into the spider's web?' But Theseus walked on steadily, and

made no answer; but he thought, 'Is this some robber? and has an adventure come already to me?' But the

'Bold fly, know you not that these glens are the web from which no fly ever finds his way out again, and this

down the spider's house, and I the spider who sucks the flies? Come hither, and let me feast upon you; for it is

of no use to run away, so cunning a web has my father Hephaistos spread for me when he made these clefts in

'And what is your name among men, bold spider? and where are your spider's fangs?'

'My name is Periphetes, the son of Hephaistos and Anticleia the mountain nymph. But men call me Corynetes

'This my father gave me, and forged it himself in the roots of the mountain; and with it I pound all proud flies

till they give out their fatness and their sweetness. So give me up that gay sword of yours, and your mantle,

But Theseus wrapt his mantle round his left arm quickly, in hard folds, from his shoulder to his hand, and

drew his sword, and rushed upon the clubbearer, and the clubbearer rushed on him.

Thrice he struck at Theseus, and made him bend under the blows like a sapling; but Theseus guarded his head

And thrice Theseus sprang upright after the blow, like a sapling when the storm is past; and he stabbed at the

Then Theseus grew mad, and closed with him, and caught him by the throat, and they fell and rolled over

together; but when Theseus rose up from the ground the clubbearer lay still at his feet.

Then Theseus took his club and his bearskin, and left him to the kites and crows, and went upon his journey

down the glens on the farther slope, till he came to a broad green valley, and saw flocks and herds sleeping

And by the side of a pleasant fountain, under the shade of rocks and trees, were nymphs and shepherds

And when they saw Theseus they shrieked; and the shepherds ran off, and drove away their flocks, while the

Theseus wondered and laughed: 'What strange fancies have folks here who run away from strangers, and

have no music when they dance!' But he was tired, and dusty, and thirsty; so he thought no more of them, but

drank and bathed in the clear pool, and then lay down in the shade under a plane tree, while the water sang

And when he woke he heard a whispering, and saw the nymphs peeping at him across the fountain from the

dark mouth of a cave, where they sat on green cushions of moss. And one said, 'Surely he is not Periphetes;'

Then Theseus smiled, and called them, 'Fair nymphs, I am not Periphetes. He sleeps among the kites and

Then they leapt across the pool, and came to him, and called the shepherds back. And he told them how he

had slain the clubbearer: and the shepherds kissed his feet and sang, 'Now we shall feed our flocks in peace,

and not be afraid to have music when we dance; for the cruel clubbearer has met his match, and he will

listen for our pipes no more.' Then they brought him kid's flesh and wine, and the nymphs brought him honey

from the rocks, and he ate, and drank, and slept again, while the nymphs and shepherds danced and sang. And

when he woke, they begged him to stay; but he would not. 'I have a great work to do,' he said; 'I must be

But the shepherds said, 'Will you go alone toward Athens? None travel that way now, except in armed

'As for arms, I have enough, as you see. And as for troops, an honest man is good enough company for

'If you do, you must look warily about you on the Isthmus, lest you meet Sinis the robber, whom men call

Pituocamptes the pinebender; for he bends down two pinetrees, and binds all travellers hand and foot

between them, and when he lets the trees go again their bodies are torn in sunder.'

'And after that,' said another, 'you must go inland, and not dare to pass over the cliffs of Sciron; for on the left

hand are the mountains, and on the right the sea, so that you have no escape, but must needs meet Sciron the

robber, who will make you wash his feet; and while you are washing them he will kick you over the cliff, to

And before Theseus could answer, another cried, 'And after that is a worse danger still, unless you go inland

always, and leave Eleusis far on your right. For in Eleusis rules Kerkuon the cruel king, the terror of all

mortals, who killed his own daughter Alope in prison. But she was changed into a fair fountain; and her child

he cast out upon the mountains, but the wild mares gave it milk. And now he challenges all comers to wrestle

with him, for he is the best wrestler in all Attica, and overthrows all who come; and those whom he

Then Theseus frowned, and said, 'This seems indeed an ill ruled land, and adventures enough in it to be

tried. But if I am the heir of it, I will rule it and right it, and here is my royal sceptre.'

And he shook his club of bronze, while the nymphs and shepherds clung round him, and entreated him not to

But on he went nevertheless, till he could see both the seas and the citadel of Corinth towering high above all

the land. And he past swiftly along the Isthmus, for his heart burned to meet that cruel Sinis; and in a

pinewood at last he met him, where the Isthmus was narrowest and the road ran between high rocks. There

he sat upon a stone by the wayside, with a young firtree for a club across his knees, and a cord laid ready by

Then Theseus shouted to him, 'Holla, thou valiant pine bender, hast thou two firtrees left for me?'

And Sinis leapt to his feet, and answered, pointing to the bones above his head, 'My larder has grown empty

lately, so I have two firtrees ready for thee.' And he rushed on Theseus, lifting his club, and Theseus rushed

Then they hammered together till the greenwoods rang; but the metal was tougher than the pine, and Sinis'

club broke right across, as the bronze came down upon it. Then Theseus heaved up another mighty stroke,

and smote Sinis down upon his face; and knelt upon his back, and bound him with his own cord, and said, 'As

thou hast done to others, so shall it be done to thee.' Then he bent down two young firtrees, and bound Sinis

between them for all his struggling and his prayers; and let them go, and ended Sinis, and went on, leaving

Then he went over the hills toward Megara, keeping close along the Saronic Sea, till he came to the cliffs of

And there he saw Sciron sitting by a fountain, at the edge of the cliff. On his knees was a mighty club; and he

Then Theseus shouted to him, and said, 'Holla, thou tortoise feeder, do thy feet need washing today?'

And Sciron leapt to his feet, and answered 'My tortoise is empty and hungry, and my feet need washing

Then Theseus rushed upon him; and sore was the battle upon the cliff, for when Sciron felt the weight of the

bronze club, he dropt his own, and closed with Theseus, and tried to hurl him by main force over the cliff.

But Theseus was a wary wrestler, and dropt his own club, and caught him by the throat and by the knee, and

forced him back against the wall of stones, and crushed him up against them, till his breath was almost gone.

And Sciron cried panting, 'Loose me, and I will let thee pass.' But Theseus answered, 'I must not pass till I

have made the rough way smooth;' and he forced him back against the wall till it fell, and Sciron rolled head

Then Theseus lifted him up all bruised, and said, 'Come hither and wash my feet.' And he drew his sword,

And Sciron washed his feet trembling; and when it was done, Theseus rose, and cried, 'As thou hast done to

others, so shall it be done to thee. Go feed thy tortoise thyself;' and he kicked him over the cliff into the sea.

And whether the tortoise ate him, I know not; for some say that earth and sea both disdained to take his body,

so foul it was with sin. So the sea cast it out upon the shore, and the shore cast it back into the sea, and at last

the waves hurled it high into the air in anger; and it hung there long without a grave, till it was changed into a

This at least is true, which Pausanias tells, that in the royal porch at Athens he saw the figure of Theseus

Then he went a long day's journey, past Megara, into the Attic land, and high before him rose the

snowpeaks of Cithaeron, all cold above the black pinewoods, where haunt the Furies, and the raving

Bacchae, and the Nymphs who drive men wild, far aloft upon the dreary mountains, where the storms howl

all day long. And on his right hand was the sea always, and Salamis, with its island cliffs, and the sacred

strait of the seafight, where afterwards the Persians fled before the Greeks. So he went all day until the

evening, till he saw the Thriasian plain, and the sacred city of Eleusis, where the Earthmother's temple

stands. For there she met Triptolemus, when all the land lay waste, Demeter the kind Earthmother, and in

her hands a sheaf of corn. And she taught him to plough the fallows, and to yoke the lazy kine; and she taught

him to sow the seedfields, and to reap the golden grain; and sent him forth to teach all nations, and give corn

to labouring men. So at Eleusis all men honour her, whosoever tills the land; her and Triptolemus her

And he went along the plain into Eleusis, and stood in the marketplace, and cried

Then all the people crowded round him, and cried, 'Fair youth, why will you die? Hasten out of the city,

But Theseus went up through the town, while the people wept and prayed, and through the gates of the

palaceyard, and through the piles of bones and skulls, till he came to the door of Kerkuon's hall, the terror of

And there he saw Kerkuon sitting at the table in the hall alone; and before him was a whole sheep roasted,

and beside him a whole jar of wine. And Theseus stood and called him, 'Holla, thou valiant wrestler, wilt

And Kerkuon looked up and laughed, and answered, 'I will wrestle a fall today; but come in, for I am lonely

Then Theseus went up boldly, and sat down before Kerkuon at the board; and he ate his fill of the sheep's

flesh, and drank his fill of the wine; and Theseus ate enough for three men, but Kerkuon ate enough for

But neither spoke a word to the other, though they looked across the table by stealth; and each said in his

At last, when the sheep was eaten and the jar of wine drained dry, King Kerkuon rose, and cried, 'Let us

So they tossed off all their garments, and went forth in the palaceyard; and Kerkuon bade strew fresh sand

And there the heroes stood face to face, while their eyes glared like wild bulls'; and all the people crowded at

And there they stood and wrestled, till the stars shone out above their heads; up and down and round, till the

sand was stamped hard beneath their feet. And their eyes flashed like stars in the darkness, and their breath

went up like smoke in the night air; but neither took nor gave a footstep, and the people watched silent at the

But at last Kerkuon grew angry, and caught Theseus round the neck, and shook him as a mastiff shakes a rat;

But Theseus was quick and wary, and clasped Kerkuon round the waist, and slipped his loin quickly

underneath him, while he caught him by the wrist; and then he hove a mighty heave, a heave which would

have stirred an oak, and lifted Kerkuon, and pitched him right over his shoulder on the ground.

Then he leapt on him, and called, 'Yield, or I kill thee!' but Kerkuon said no word; for his heart was burst

Then Theseus opened the gates, and called in all the people; and they cried, 'You have slain our evil king; be

'I will be your king in Eleusis, and I will rule you right and well; for this cause I have slain all evildoers

Then an aged man stepped forth, and said, 'Young hero, hast thou slain Sinis? Beware then of AEgeus, king

'Then I have slain my own kinsman,' said Theseus, 'though well he deserved to die. Who will purge me from

'That will the heroes do, the sons of Phytalus, who dwell beneath the elmtree in Aphidnai, by the bank of

silver Cephisus; for they know the mysteries of the Gods. Thither you shall go and be purified, and after you

So he took an oath of the people of Eleusis, that they would serve him as their king, and went away next

morning across the Thriasian plain, and over the hills toward Aphidnai, that he might find the sons of

And as he was skirting the Vale of Cephisus, along the foot of lofty Parnes, a very tall and strong man came

down to meet him, dressed in rich garments. On his arms were golden bracelets, and round his neck a collar

of jewels; and he came forward, bowing courteously, and held out both his hands, and spoke

'Welcome, fair youth, to these mountains; happy am I to have met you! For what greater pleasure to a good

man, than to entertain strangers? But I see that you are weary. Come up to my castle, and rest yourself

'I give you thanks,' said Theseus: 'but I am in haste to go up the valley, and to reach Aphidnai in the Vale of

'Alas! you have wandered far from the right way, and you cannot reach Aphidnai tonight, for there are many

miles of mountain between you and it, and steep passes, and cliffs dangerous after nightfall. It is well for you

that I met you, for my whole joy is to find strangers, and to feast them at my castle, and hear tales from them

of foreign lands. Come up with me, and eat the best of venison, and drink the rich red wine, and sleep upon

my famous bed, of which all travellers say that they never saw the like. For whatsoever the stature of my

guest, however tall or short, that bed fits him to a hair, and he sleeps on it as he never slept before.' And he

Theseus wished to go forwards: but he was ashamed to seem churlish to so hospitable a man; and he was

curious to see that wondrous bed; and beside, he was hungry and weary: yet he shrank from the man, he knew

not why; for, though his voice was gentle and fawning, it was dry and husky like a toad's; and though his eyes

were gentle, they were dull and cold like stones. But he consented, and went with the man up a glen which

led from the road toward the peaks of Parnes, under the dark shadow of the cliffs.

And as they went up, the glen grew narrower, and the cliffs higher and darker, and beneath them a torrent

roared, half seen between bare limestone crags. And around there was neither tree nor bush, while from the

white peaks of Parnes the snowblasts swept down the glen, cutting and chilling till a horror fell on Theseus

as he looked round at that doleful place. And he asked at last, 'Your castle stands, it seems, in a dreary

'Yes; but once within it, hospitality makes all things cheerful. But who are these?' and he looked back, and

Theseus also; and far below, along the road which they had left, came a string of laden asses, and merchants

'Ah, poor souls!' said the stranger. 'Well for them that I looked back and saw them! And well for me too, for I

shall have the more guests at my feast. Wait awhile till I go down and call them, and we will eat and drink

together the livelong night. Happy am I, to whom Heaven sends so many guests at once!'

And he ran back down the hill, waving his hand and shouting, to the merchants, while Theseus went slowly

But as he went up he met an aged man, who had been gathering driftwood in the torrentbed. He had laid

down his faggot in the road, and was trying to lift it again to his shoulder. And when he saw Theseus, he

'O fair youth, help me up with my burden, for my limbs are stiff and weak with years.'

Then Theseus lifted the burden on his back. And the old man blest him, and then looked earnestly upon him,

'Who I am my parents know; but I travel this doleful road because I have been invited by a hospitable man,

who promises to feast me, and to make me sleep upon I know not what wondrous bed.'

'O house of Hades, mandevouring! will thy maw never be full? Know, fair youth, that you are going to

torment and to death, for he who met you (I will requite your kindness by another) is a robber and a murderer

of men. Whatsoever stranger he meets he entices him hither to death; and as for this bed of which he speaks,

'Because, if a man be too tall for it, he lops his limbs till they be short enough, and if he be too short, he

stretches his limbs till they be long enough: but me only he spared, seven weary years agone; for I alone of all

fitted his bed exactly, so he spared me, and made me his slave. And once I was a wealthy merchant, and

dwelt in brazengated Thebes; but now I hew wood and draw water for him, the torment of all mortal men.'

'Escape, then,' said the old man, 'for he will have no pity on thy youth. But yesterday he brought up hither a

young man and a maiden, and fitted them upon his bed; and the young man's hands and feet he cut off, but

the maiden's limbs he stretched until she died, and so both perished miserably but I am tired of weeping

over the slain. And therefore he is called Procrustes the stretcher, though his father called him Damastes. Flee

from him: yet whither will you flee? The cliffs are steep, and who can climb them? and there is no other

But Theseus laid his hand upon the old man's month, and said, 'There is no need to flee;' and he turned to go

'Do not tell him that I have warned you, or he will kill me by some evil death;' and the old man screamed

And he said to himself, 'This is an illruled land; when shall I have done ridding it of monsters?' And as he

spoke, Procrustes came up the hill, and all the merchants with him, smiling and talking gaily. And when he

saw Theseus, he cried, 'Ah, fair young guest, have I kept you too long waiting?'

But Theseus answered, 'The man who stretches his guests upon a bed and hews off their hands and feet, what

Then Procrustes' countenance changed, and his cheeks grew as green as a lizard, and he felt for his sword in

'Is this true, my host, or is it false?' and he clasped Procrustes round waist and elbow, so that he could not

Then Theseus flung him from him, and lifted up his dreadful club; and before Procrustes could strike him he

And once again he struck him; and his evil soul fled forth, and went down to Hades squeaking, like a bat into

Then Theseus stript him of his gold ornaments, and went up to his house, and found there great wealth and

treasure, which he had stolen from the passersby. And he called the people of the country, whom Procrustes

had spoiled a long time, and parted the spoil among them, and went down the mountains, and away.

And he went down the glens of Parnes, through mist, and cloud, and rain, down the slopes of oak, and lentisk,

and arbutus, and fragrant bay, till he came to the Vale of Cephisus, and the pleasant town of Aphidnai, and

And there they built an altar, and bade him bathe in Cephisus, and offer a yearling ram, and purified him from

And he went down the valley by Acharnai, and by the silver swirling stream, while all the people blessed

him, for the fame of his prowess had spread wide, till he saw the plain of Athens, and the hill where Athene

So Theseus went up through Athens, and all the people ran out to see him; for his fame had gone before him

and every one knew of his mighty deeds. And all cried, 'Here comes the hero who slew Sinis, and Phaia the

wild sow of Crommyon, and conquered Kerkuon in wrestling, and slew Procrustes the pitiless.' But Theseus

went on sadly and steadfastly, for his heart yearned after his father; and he said, 'How shall I deliver him from

So he went up the holy stairs, and into the Acropolis, where AEgeus' palace stood; and he went straight into

And there he saw his cousins sitting about the table at the wine: many a son of Pallas, but no AEgeus among

them. There they sat and feasted, and laughed, and passed the winecup round; while harpers harped, and

Loud laughed the sons of Pallas, and fast went the winecup round; but Theseus frowned, and said under his

breath, 'No wonder that the land is full of robbers, while such as these bear rule.'

Then the Pallantids saw him, and called to him, halfdrunk with wine, 'Holla, tall stranger at the door, what is

'Then take it, and welcome. You look like a hero and a bold warrior; and we like such to drink with us.'

'I ask no hospitality of you; I ask it of AEgeus the king, the master of this house.'

At that some growled, and some laughed, and shouted, 'Heyday! we are all masters here.'

'Then I am master as much as the rest of you,' said Theseus, and he strode past the table up the hall, and

The Pallantids looked at him, and then at each other, and each whispered to the man next him, 'This is a

forward fellow; he ought to be thrust out at the door.' But each man's neighbour whispered in return, 'His

shoulders are broad; will you rise and put him out?' So they all sat still where they were.

Then Theseus called to the servants, and said, 'Go tell King AEgeus, your master, that Theseus of Troezene is

A servant ran and told AEgeus, where he sat in his chamber within, by Medeia the dark witchwoman,

watching her eye and hand. And when AEgeus heard of Troezene he turned pale and red again, and rose from

'What is Troezene to you?' she asked. But he said hastily, 'Do you not know who this Theseus is? The hero

who has cleared the country from all monsters; but that he came from Troezene, I never heard before. I must

So AEgeus came out into the hall; and when Theseus saw him, his heart leapt into his mouth, and he longed

to fall on his neck and welcome him; but he controlled himself, and said, 'My father may not wish for me,

after all. I will try him before I discover myself;' and he bowed low before AEgeus, and said, 'I have

delivered the king's realm from many monsters; therefore I am come to ask a reward of the king.'

And old AEgeus looked on him, and loved him, as what fond heart would not have done? But he only sighed,

'It is little that I can give you, noble lad, and nothing that is worthy of you; for surely you are no mortal man,

Then he bade them put a seat for Theseus, and set before him the best of the feast; and Theseus sat and ate so

much, that all the company wondered at him: but always he kept his club by his side.

But Medeia the dark witchwoman had been watching him all the while. She saw how AEgeus turned red

and pale when the lad said that he came from Troezene. She saw, too, how his heart was opened toward

Theseus; and how Theseus bore himself before all the sons of Pallas, like a lion among a pack of curs. And

she said to herself, 'This youth will be master here; perhaps he is nearer to AEgeus already than mere fancy.

Then she went back into her chamber modestly, while Theseus ate and drank; and all the servants whispered,

'This, then, is the man who killed the monsters! How noble are his looks, and how huge his size! Ah, would

But presently Medeia came forth, decked in all her jewels, and her rich Eastern robes, and looking more

beautiful than the day, so that all the guests could look at nothing else. And in her right hand she held a

golden cup, and in her left a flask of gold; and she came up to Theseus, and spoke in a sweet, soft, winning

'Hail to the hero, the conqueror, the unconquered, the destroyer of all evil things! Drink, hero, of my charmed

cup, which gives rest after every toil, which heals all wounds, and pours new life into the veins. Drink of my

cup, for in it sparkles the wine of the East, and Nepenthe, the comfort of the Immortals.'

And as she spoke, she poured the flask into the cup; and the fragrance of the wine spread through the hall,

And Theseus looked up in her fair face and into her deep dark eyes. And as he looked, he shrank and

shuddered; for they were dry like the eyes of a snake. And he rose, and said, 'The wine is rich and fragrant,

and the winebearer as fair as the Immortals; but let her pledge me first herself in the cup, that the wine may

Then Medeia turned pale, and stammered, 'Forgive me, fair hero; but I am ill, and dare drink no wine.'

And Theseus looked again into her eyes, and cried, 'Thou shalt pledge me in that cup, or die.' And he lifted up

Medeia shrieked a fearful shriek, and dashed the cup to the ground, and fled; and where the wine flowed over

the marble pavement, the stone bubbled, and crumbled, and hissed, under the fierce venom of the draught.

But Medeia called her dragon chariot, and sprang into it and fled aloft, away over land and sea, and no man

And AEgeus cried, 'What hast thou done?' But Theseus pointed to the stone, 'I have rid the land of an

And he came close to AEgeus, and drew from his bosom the sword and the sandals, and said the words which

And AEgeus stepped back a pace, and looked at the lad till his eyes grew dim; and then he cast himself on his

neck and wept, and Theseus wept on his neck, till they had no strength left to weep more.

Then AEgeus turned to all the people, and cried, 'Behold my son, children of Cecrops, a better man than his

Who, then, were mad but the Pallantids, though they had been mad enough before? And one shouted, 'Shall

we make room for an upstart, a pretender, who comes from we know not where?' And another, 'If he be one,

we are more than one; and the stronger can hold his own.' And one shouted one thing, and one another; for

they were hot and wild with wine: but all caught swords and lances off the wall, where the weapons hung

And he cried, 'Go in peace, if you will, my cousins; but if not, your blood be on your own heads.' But they

rushed at him; and then stopped short and railed him, as curs stop and bark when they rouse a lion from his

But one hurled a lance from the rear rank, which past close by Theseus' head; and at that Theseus rushed

forward, and the fight began indeed. Twenty against one they fought, and yet Theseus beat them all; and

those who were left fled down into the town, where the people set on them, and drove them out, till Theseus

was left alone in the palace, with AEgeus his newfound father. But before nightfall all the town came up,

with victims, and dances, and songs; and they offered sacrifices to Athene, and rejoiced all the night long,

So Theseus stayed with his father all the winter: and when the spring equinox drew near, all the Athenians

grew sad and silent, and Theseus saw it, and asked the reason; but no one would answer him a word.

Then he went to his father, and asked him: but AEgeus turned away his face and wept.

'Do not ask, my son, beforehand, about evils which must happen: it is enough to have to face them when they

And when the spring equinox came, a herald came to Athens, and stood in the market, and cried, 'O people

and King of Athens, where is your yearly tribute?' Then a great lamentation arose throughout the city. But

'And who are you, dogfaced, who dare demand tribute here? If I did not reverence your herald's staff, I

'Fair youth, I am not dogfaced or shameless; but I do my master's bidding, Minos, the King of

hundredcitied Crete, the wisest of all kings on earth. And you must be surely a stranger here, or you would

'To fetch the tribute which King AEgeus promised to Minos, and confirmed his promise with an oath. For

Minos conquered all this land, and Megara which lies to the east, when he came hither with a great fleet of

ships, enraged about the murder of his son. For his son Androgeos came hither to the Panathenaic games, and

overcame all the Greeks in the sports, so that the people honoured him as a hero. But when AEgeus saw his

valour, he envied him, and feared lest he should join the sons of Pallas, and take away the sceptre from him.

So he plotted against his life, and slew him basely, no man knows how or where. Some say that he waylaid

him by Oinoe, on the road which goes to Thebes; and some that he sent him against the bull of Marathon, that

the beast might kill him. But AEgeus says that the young men killed him from envy, because he had

conquered them in the games. So Minos came hither and avenged him, and would not depart till this land had

promised him tribute seven youths and seven maidens every year, who go with me in a blacksailed ship,

And Theseus ground his teeth together, and said, 'Wert thou not a herald I would kill thee for saying such

things of my father; but I will go to him, and know the truth.' So he went to his father, and asked him; but he

turned away his head and wept, and said, 'Blood was shed in the land unjustly, and by blood it is avenged.

Then Theseus groaned inwardly, and said, 'I will go myself with these youths and maidens, and kill Minos

And AEgeus shrieked, and cried, 'You shall not go, my son, the light of my old age, to whom alone I look to

rule this people after I am dead and gone. You shall not go, to die horribly, as those youths and maidens die;

for Minos thrusts them into a labyrinth, which Daidalos made for him among the rocks, Daidalos the

renegade, the accursed, the pest of this his native land. From that labyrinth no one can escape, entangled in its

winding ways, before they meet the Minotaur, the monster who feeds upon the flesh of men. There he

Then Theseus grew red, and his ears tingled, and his heart beat loud in his bosom. And he stood awhile like a

'Therefore all the more I will go with them, and slay the accursed beast. Have I not slain all evildoers and

monsters, that I might free this land? Where are Periphetes, and Sinis, and Kerkuon, and Phaia the wild sow?

Where are the fifty sons of Pallas? And this Minotaur shall go the road which they have gone, and Minos

'But how will you slay him, my son? For you must leave your club and your armour behind, and be cast to the

And Theseus said, 'Are there no stones in that labyrinth; and have I not fists and teeth? Did I need my club to

Then AEgeus clung to his knees; but he would not hear; and at last he let him go, weeping bitterly, and said

'Promise me but this, if you return in peace, though that may hardly be: take down the black sail of the ship

(for I shall watch for it all day upon the cliffs), and hoist instead a white sail, that I may know afar off that

And Theseus promised, and went out, and to the marketplace where the herald stood, while they drew lots

for the youths and maidens, who were to sail in that doleful crew. And the people stood wailing and weeping,

as the lot fell on this one and on that; but Theseus strode into the midst, and cried 'Here is a youth who

So they went down to the blacksailed ship, seven maidens, and seven youths, and Theseus before them all,

and the people following them lamenting. But Theseus whispered to his companions, 'Have hope, for the

monster is not immortal. Where are Periphetes, and Sinis, and Sciron, and all whom I have slain?' Then their

hearts were comforted a little; but they wept as they went on board, and the cliffs of Sunium rang, and all the

isles of the AEgean Sea, with the voice of their lamentation, as they sailed on toward their deaths in Crete.

AND at last they came to Crete, and to Cnossus, beneath the peaks of Ida, and to the palace of Minos the

great king, to whom Zeus himself taught laws. So he was the wisest of all mortal kings, and conquered all the

AEgean isles; and his ships were as many as the seagulls, and his palace like a marble hill. And he sat

among the pillars of the hall, upon his throne of beaten gold, and around him stood the speaking statues

which Daidalos had made by his skill. For Daidalos was the most cunning of all Athenians, and he first

invented the plumbline, and the auger, and glue, and many a tool with which wood is wrought. And he first

set up masts in ships, and yards, and his son made sails for them: but Perdix his nephew excelled him; for he

first invented the saw and its teeth, copying it from the backbone of a fish; and invented, too, the chisel, and

the compasses, and the potter's wheel which moulds the clay. Therefore Daidalos envied him, and hurled him

headlong from the temple of Athene; but the Goddess pitied him (for she loves the wise), and changed him

into a partridge, which flits for ever about the hills. And Daidalos fled to Crete, to Minos, and worked for him

many a year, till he did a shameful deed, at which the sun hid his face on high.

Then he fled from the anger of Minos, he and Icaros his son having made themselves wings of feathers, and

fixed the feathers with wax. So they flew over the sea toward Sicily; but Icaros flew too near the sun; and the

wax of his wings was melted, and he fell into the Icarian Sea. But Daidalos came safe to Sicily, and there

wrought many a wondrous work; for he made for King Cocalos a reservoir, from which a great river watered

all the land, and a castle and a treasury on a mountain, which the giants themselves could not have stormed;

and in Selinos he took the steam which comes up from the fires of AEtna, and made of it a warm bath of

vapour, to cure the pains of mortal men; and he made a honeycomb of gold, in which the bees came and

stored their honey, and in Egypt he made the forecourt of the temple of Hephaistos in Memphis, and a statue

of himself within it, and many another wondrous work. And for Minos he made statues which spoke and

moved, and the temple of Britomartis, and the dancinghall of Ariadne, which he carved of fair white stone.

And in Sardinia he worked for I�laos, and in many a land beside, wandering up and down for ever with his

But Theseus stood before Minos, and they looked each other in the face. And Minos bade take them to

prison, and cast them to the monster one by one, that the death of Androgeos might be avenged. Then

'A boon, O Minos! Let me be thrown first to the beast. For I came hither for that very purpose, of my own

'I am the son of him whom of all men thou hatest most, AEgeus the king of Athens, and I am come here to

And Minos pondered awhile, looking steadfastly at him, and he thought, 'The lad means to atone by his own

But Theseus said, 'I have sworn that I will not go back till I have seen the monster face to face.'

And at that Minos frowned, and said, 'Then thou shalt see him; take the madman away.'

But Ariadne, Minos' daughter, saw him, as she came out of her white stone hall; and she loved him for his

courage and his majesty, and said, 'Shame that such a youth should die!' And by night she went down to the

'Flee down to your ship at once, for I have bribed the guards before the door. Flee, you and all your friends,

and go back in peace to Greece; and take me, take me with you! for I dare not stay after you are gone; for my

And Theseus. stood silent awhile; for he was astonished and confounded by her beauty: but at last he said, 'I

cannot go home in peace, till I have seen and slain this Minotaur, and avenged the deaths of the youths and

Then she loved him all the more, and said, 'But when you have killed him, how will you find your way out of

'I know not, neither do I care: but it must be a strange road, if I do not find it out before I have eaten up the

Then she loved him all the more, and said 'Fair youth, you are too bold; but I can help you, weak as I am. I

will give you a sword, and with that perhaps you may slay the beast; and a clue of thread, and by that,

perhaps, you may find your way out again. Only promise me that if you escape safe you will take me home

with you to Greece; for my father will surely kill me, if he knows what I have done.'

Then Theseus laughed, and said, 'Am I not safe enough now?' And he hid the sword in his bosom, and rolled

up the clue in his hand; and then he swore to Ariadne, and fell down before her, and kissed her hands and her

feet; and she wept over him a long while, and then went away; and Theseus lay down and slept sweetly.

And when the evening came, the guards came in and led him away to the labyrinth.

And he went down into that doleful gulf, through winding paths among the rocks, under caverns, and arches,

and galleries, and over heaps of fallen stone. And he turned on the left hand, and on the right hand, and went

up and down, till his head was dizzy; but all the while he held his clue. For when he went in he had fastened

it to a stone, and left it to unroll out of his hand as he went on; and it lasted him till he met the Minotaur, in a

And when he saw him he stopped awhile, for he had never seen so strange a beast. His body was a man's: but

his head was the head of a bull; and his teeth were the teeth of a lion, and with them he tore his prey. And

But Theseus stept aside nimbly, and as he passed by, cut him in the knee; and ere he could turn in the narrow

path, he followed him, and stabbed him again and again from behind, till the monster fled bellowing wildly;

for he never before had felt a wound. And Theseus followed him at full speed, holding the clue of thread in

Then on, through cavern after cavern, under dark ribs of sounding stone, and up rough glens and

torrentbeds, among the sunless roots of Ida, and to the edge of the eternal snow, went they, the hunter and

And at last Theseus came up with him, where he lay panting on a slab among the snow, and caught him by

the horns, and forced his head back, and drove the keen sword through his throat.

Then he turned, and went back limping and weary, feeling his way down by the clue of thread, till he came to

And he whispered 'It is done!' and showed her the sword; and she laid her finger on her lips, and led him to

the prison, and opened the doors, and set all the prisoners free, while the guards lay sleeping heavily; for she

Then they fled to their ship together, and leapt on board, and hoisted up the sail; and the night lay dark around

them, so that they passed through Minos' ships, and escaped all safe to Naxos; and there Ariadne became

BUT that fair Ariadne never came to Athens with her husband. Some say that Theseus left her sleeping on

Naxos among the Cyclades; and that Dionusos the wineking found her, and took her up into the sky, as you

shall see some day in a painting of old Titian's one of the most glorious pictures upon earth. And some say

that Dionusos drove away Theseus, and took Ariadne from him by force: but however that may be, in his

haste or in his grief, Theseus forgot to put up the white sail. Now AEgeus his father sat and watched on

Sunium day after day, and strained his old eyes across the sea to see the ship afar. And when he saw the black

sail, and not the white one, he gave up Theseus for dead, and in his grief he fell into the sea, and died; so it is

For he killed the bull of Marathon, which had killed Androgeos, Minos' son; and he drove back the famous

Amazons, the warlike women of the East, when they came from Asia, and conquered all Hellas, and broke

into Athens itself. But Theseus stopped them there, and conquered them, and took Hippolute their queen to be

his wife. Then he went out to fight against the Lapithai, and Peirithoos their famous king: but when the two

heroes came face to face they loved each other, and embraced, and became noble friends; so that the

friendship of Theseus and Peirithoos is a proverb even now. And he gathered (so the Athenians say) all the

boroughs of the land together, and knit them into one strong people, while before they were all parted and

weak: and many another wise thing he did, so that his people honoured him after he was dead, for many a

hundred years, as the father of their freedom and their laws. And six hundred years after his death, in the

famous fight at Marathon, men said that they saw the ghost of Theseus, with his mighty brazen club, fighting

in the van of battle against the invading Persians, for the country which he loved. And twenty years after

Marathon his bones (they say) were found in Scuros, an isle beyond the sea; and they were bigger than the

bones of mortal man. So the Athenians brought them home in triumph; and all the people came out to

welcome them; and they built over them a noble temple, and adorned it with sculptures and paintings in

which we are told all the noble deeds of Theseus, and the Centaurs, and the Lapithai, and the Amazons; and

But why did they find his bones in Scuros? Why did he not die in peace at Athens, and sleep by his father's

side? Because after his triumph he grew proud, and broke the laws of God and man. And one thing worst of

all he did, which brought him to his grave with sorrow. For he went down (they say beneath the earth) with

that bold Peirithoos his friend to help him to carry off Persephone, the queen of the world below. But

Peirithoos was killed miserably, in the dark firekingdoms under ground; and Theseus was chained to a rock

in everlasting pain. And there he sat for years, till Heracles the mighty came down to bring up the

threeheaded dog who sits at Pluto's gate. So Heracles loosed him from his chain, and brought him up to the

But when he came back his people had forgotten him, and Castor and Polydeuces, the sons of the wondrous

Swan, had invaded his land, and carried off his mother Aithra for a slave, in revenge for a grievous wrong.

So the fair land of Athens was wasted, and another king ruled it, who drove out Theseus shamefully, and he

fled across the sea to Scuros. And there he lived in sadness, in the house of Lucomedes the king, till

So it is still, my children, and so it will be to the end. In those old Greeks, and in us also, all strength and

virtue come from God. But if men grow proud and selfwilled, and misuse God's fair gifts, He lets them go

their own ways, and fall pitifully, that the glory may be His alone. God help us all, and give us wisdom, and

courage to do noble deeds! but God keep pride from us when we have done them, lest we fall, and come to