HOW TO MAKE MONEY FROM PHOTOGRAPHY
INTRODUCTION.
Virtually anyone, amateur or professional, can make a good living from
photography. Some ways are easier to succeed in than other. Some
require specialised knowledge and special equipment; other are perfectly
suitable for the beginner working with nothing but a cheap pocket camera.
Apart from your photographic equipment and ideas for marketing your work,
you'll also need business cards and headed stationery to give to prospects
and clients. Business stationery, incidentally, often attracts good
trade discounts. Have yours professionally designed and look for a
graphic artist who might design a logo for you.
WHERE DO YOU START?
Begin by selecting those opportunities that interest you and which you
feel your present skills and equipment are suited to. Draw up a timetable
and begin approaching editors, potential customers, and so on. Look for
suitable places to advertise. Pin your card whereever potential customers
might see it; notice boards in libraries and shops, factory and office
rest rooms, hospital waiting rooms, community centers, schools, and so on.
Write to likely prospects. Ask local newspapers and magazines for their
advertising rate cards. Look at competitors' advertisements for idea to
include in your own.
Remember, to be professional, you must:
Carry your camera with you everywhere. You never know when opportunity
will strike next. Don't miss it! Better still, carry a spare camera and
accessories if you can. Carry plenty of black and white and color film.
Think about having your own dark room.. No ore lost photographs and no
waiting for someone else to get it right.
Keep looking for new opportunities.
Never miss an opportunity to publicise your business. Advertise in
local newspapers; place postcards or business cards in shop and post office
windows; pin your business card to notice boards in offices, libraries,
colleges and business clubs. Write to anyone who might need your services:
solicitors, Citizens Advice Bureaus, estate agents, insurance firms, clergy,
colleges, mother and toddler groups, nurseries, and so on.
Begin an ideas book and keep it up to date. Lit ideas for markets,
keep details of all customers, list events and other frequent occurrences
and try to get in before someone else does.
Always do your best and remember that the very best form of advertising
is recommendation from satisfied clients.
Keep on improving and developing your techniques. Attend a refresher
course if need be. Never be afraid to learn from others. Ask fellow
professionals if you can join them on a shoot.
Keep a diary and refer to it every day.
Select a range of market opportunities. Decide which are the best
paying; which you enjoy most, and which you are best suited to.
A QUESTION OF COPYRIGHT
Don't fall foul of the often intricate rules of copyright. Learn as much
as you can before you begin earning.
A number of excellent books are available to guide the reader through the
sometimes complex laws of copyright. Look out for:
Blackston's Guide to the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988 published
by Blackstone Press.
Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988 available from HMSO
The Modern Law of Copyright published by Butterworths.
Alternatively, consult 'Writers' and Artists' Yearbook for an excellent
introduction to the subject.
MARKET SUGGESTIONS
FAMILY EVENTS
You might be asked to photograph on numerous family occasions,
including: Christenings, Holy Communions, Confirmations, and of course,
weddings.
Weddings present the greatest opportunity of all; they also demand the
highest professional approach and this is a speciality best left alone
until you gain experience, preferably from watching established wedding
photographers at work.
Ask an experienced wedding photographer if you can accompany him from
time to time.
Advertise your services through florists, car and hire firms, caterers
and bridal hire specialists. Offer a commission for all work they pass
your way. Look in the 'engagements' columns of local papers; write or
telephone and offer your service to couples.
GLAMOUR PHOTOGRAPHY
Glamour photography is an extremely difficult market to break into.
But it's also very well paid, so it might be worth a try. You might
find work through local model schools and small catalogue specialists.
Alternatively, send your work to lending libraries and agencies.
STAFF PARTIES, DINNERS AND PRESENTATIONS
Offer to take photographs at staff parties and official occasions
including presentations, retirement parties, Christmas staff dinners,
and so on. Advertise in local newspapers and freesheets; have your card
placed in shop and post office windows or pinned to notice boards in
factories and supermarkets. Write to the personnel department or the
social club secretary of larger establishments. Do this in the autumn
and you might receive a crop of commissions for Christmas.
Ask trophy specialists and engravers to ut your business card in their
windows. Ask them to recommend you to customers. Offer a percentage
of every order passed your way.
POST CARDS, GREETINGS CARDS
If you decide to do photography for the postcard trade, decide whether
you intend to produce, print and sell the cards yourself, or whether you
will work to commission or 'on spec' for established firms.
If you work alone, look for likely retail outlets: include gift shops,
newsagents, souvenir shops, art galleries, hotels, tourist information
centers, and so on. Offer a commission on all cards sold.
Photography for greetings card manufacture, normally means working to a
producer's specifications.
Approach a few firms with samples or write, including SAE, for
photographers' guidelines.
MAGAZINES
Countless U.S. and international magazines and newspapers require
an ongoing supply of good photographs, sometimes with accompanying
article; sometime not. Look in your local library for writers' and
photographers' yearbooks, in which you'll find details of individual
publications' exact requirements, including rate of pay, submissions
guidelines, preferred topics, addresses, and so on.
The following handbooks are available and you are strongly advised to
acquire at least one for your own use:
Writers' and Artists' Yearbook, published by A & C Black and available
from most good stationers and book shops.
The Writers' Handbook, published by Macmillan-PEN, and again available
from most good book shops and stationers.
Your work will usually by sold by one of two general methods:
On commission, namely where an editor approaches you and for
photographs, or where your proposal to the editor is approved and
you are given the go ahead.
On spec, that is where you send photographs to the target market
in the hope they will be of interest. Here, more than ever, accurate
market study is of paramount importance. Look in any of the three
handbooks and yearbooks mentioned above for details of specific market
interests.
Things to consider before sending work, include:
- Are readers likely to have common interests of characteristics,
for example, hobbies or occupation, marital status, age group, and so on.
- Does the publication prefer certain topics and subject over others?
If so, what can you offer that might be suitable.
- Are photographs usually accompanied by a caption or article?
- Do photographs complement article, or vice versa?
- Is there a preference for black and white or color photographs?
LOCAL EVENTS
Try visiting local events with a view to submitting photographs to
appropriate magazines. You might consider: school sports days,
gymkhanas, cross-country events, rallies and exhibitions, and similar.
Alternatively, hand your cards to visitors and, for a deposit,
offer to take photographs which will then be forwarded to them with
invoice for the remainder.
If you're good, local newspapers might well ask you to cover these
events on their behalf.
Send a few sample photographs to the editor.
ESTATE AGENTS
Not all estate agents have staff to photograph property on their books.
It's much cheaper to call on freelance photographers, who for a retainer
fee and set charge per photograph, will rush to photograph properties
just on the market. Leave business card and samples of your work with
local agents. As soon as a new agency opens, send your card and samples.
CHILDREN
Children represent a very lucrative market indeed, whether you work to
commission or set yourself up in schools and supermarkets where
customers might approach you.
You can offer your services at: swimming clubs and galas, school plays,
mother and toddler groups, soft play sessions in sports and leisure
centers, etc. You might also photograph birthday parties and family
celebrations.
When working in schools always give a donation to the school fund.
They'll remember you again next year.
READERS' LETTERS PAGES AND FILLER MARKETS
This might seem perhaps a relatively lowly opening for the experienced
photographer, but it's actually a market to which many very well-paid
photographers, and writers, turn to during gaps in their normal
assignments or sometimes in their spare-time. It can, in fact, be a
very lucrative opening for anyone who takes time to study the exact
requirements of the many magazines and newspapers requiring photographs
(sometimes with accompanying caption or short letter) for their readers'
letters pages. Fillers, incidentally, are short pieces, including
photographs, used when a feature falls short of the page.
Rewards range from a token pen or stationery set, to anything between
$10 and $50 a submission, sometimes much more where competitions and
specific challenges are set of readers.
If editors prefer captions or letters, then supply them with your
photograph; nothing too elaborate is required since the photograph
is likely to make the sale for you.
Look out for silly shop names, odd signs on the highway, ambiguous
notices, endearing animals and children, and anything unusual or
specifically related to the magazine you are submitting to.
Obtain a few back issues of target magazines and study the photographs
they contain. And remember, you don't have to wait for unusual or
interesting things to happen; you can set them up yourself. Ask your
neighbour to let you photograph junior wearing that jumper she made from
a pattern included in the magazine your photo will go to; make your own
amusing sign to photograph; do whatever it takes to come up with suitable
pictures.
Bear in mind, those subjects likely to win favor with the average editor,
include: animals, children, environmental issues, older people,
personalities, hobbies and charity.
PETS
Here we have another potentially insatiable and highly profitable
market, especially if you can provide something a little different:
jig saws, photographs glazed onto china, portraits subsequently painted
in oils or watercolors, and so on.
Advertise in pet shops, shop and post office windows, through
advertisements in local newspapers; hand leaflets out at dog shows
and obedience training classes; publicise up-market portraiture in dog
lovers' magazines, animal charity newsletters, and by direct mail to
targeted prospects.
Turn up at dog, animal and agricultural shows, where you might work to
commission. Ask a deposit for photographs you will later post with
invoice for the remainder due. Horses, pigeon and bird shows present
similar opportunities.
WORKING WITH AGENCIES AND PHOTOGRAPH LIBRARIES
This category is perhaps the most rewarding the freelance photographer
might consider. Payment is good and established agency photographers
can expect regular guaranteed work for several years. Agencies usually
sell pictures on commission, paying a certain percentage back to the
photographer. Pictures re hired out to clients, magazines and newspapers,
advertising agencies, and anyone else requiring high quality illustrations.
Hundreds of agencies and libraries operate in the U.S. alone, but that
does not mean the market is easy to break into. It isn't and only the
very best photographers will succeed. When you do find an agency
prepared to handle your work, success is virtually foregone conclusion;
work will be regular and the agency will expect you to commit yourself
to a long working relationship.
'Writers' and Artists' Yearbook', 'Writer's Handbook' and 'Freelance
Photographer's Market Handbook', provide detailed lists of major
agencies, and their precise requirements.
Study individual agency requirements before making a submission; and
send only your very best work, not something which has already been
turned down by other markets. Sending anything less than perfectly
suitable for whatever agency is a recipe for disaster. Stick to exact
requirements: subject, size of print, type, number, color-black and
white etc. And once you've sent them, forget about it. Agencies are
notoriously slow and will not appreciate you bothering them with questions
about the fate of your photographs. And never, ever submit the same
prints to other markets while they are still in the hands of an agency.
A MEDLEY OF IDES AND BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES
- Incorporate one or more of the following into your business portfolio
or start them as ventures in their own right:
- Sell the work of other photographers - usually amateur - on commission.
- Start a line of reproduction prints of old photographic street scenes.
Sell them door-to-door, through retail outlets, at craft fairs, to shops
and offices, and by direct mail in the locality they belong to. Buy
originals from postcard dealers or at specialised collectors' fairs,
or else borrow rom collectors and owners.
- Set your camera up at some busy tourist spot and take pictures of
visitors. Take a deposit and send the finished photograph with invoice
for the remainder.
- Have you thought about offering a really different service, such
as aerial photography? You can hire the plane yourself and take
photographs of individual properties or village scenes. Sell
door-to-door or by direct mail.
- Business packages and franchise operations are available for anyone
interested in aerial photography. Advertisements are frequently found
in specialist franchise magazines and most major daily newspapers.
- Also try: Sky Library, P O Box 40, Kettering, Northants, NN14 3EH
Agents required to represent this firm selling aerial sots to home
owners, businesses, and so on.
- Write and publish a newsletter of interest to others who want to
make their camera pay. Charge a subscription and aim for secondary
sales, such as books and manuals, accessories, advertising space, and so on.
- Start a market newsletter for freelance photographers. Sell on
subscription. Provide information about new markets, competitions,
article writers seeking o liaise with photographers, library and agency
update, and so on.
- Offer to produce an album of their more exotic and elaborate
creations for confectioners, bakers, cake decorators, wedding cake
specialists, caterers and restaurants. Visit prospects in person or
send letter with sample photographs included.
- Visit well-populated events, such as: craft shows, antiques roadshows,
leek growing championships and gardening competitions, art and craft
competitions, sports events, and so on. Offer to take photographs of
winners and anyone else who commissions you. Hand your cards around
in case anyone later decides they'd like a memento. contact organisers
and ask permission to attend. You can offer a share of the profits to
the club or whatever organisation is hosting the event.
- Offer to restore or touch up old, faded, torn or damaged photographs.
Offer a range of sepia toned reproductions. Advertise in local and
national newspapers, postcard collectors' magazines, direct to postcard
collectors' clubs, genealogy magazines, and so on.
- Take photographs of children visiting Santa's grotto. You can charge
customers or else ask the shop to sponsor you. Evidence suggests that
most customers return for their photographs and therefore bring
increased custom to the store.
- Offer to glaze photographs onto plates and other pieces of china.
You don't have to take the photographs yourself if you don't want to.
Ask customers to bring their favorite prints, or offer a complete
service from photography to glazing.
- Make friends with an article or feature writer. Plan assignments
together. You'll both find your acceptance rate much increased.
- Take photographs of private homes and business premises. Have some
turned into letterheads and take samples to homes and businesses and
offer to produce something similar for them.
- You can travel the world free as a photographer, on behalf of numerous
customers who will pay you well for the privilege. You'll usually get
some payment in advance, allowing you to fund the entire trip and have
something left over to spend. Contact magazines, market research
specialists, advertising agencies, businesses, and so on.
- Let solicitors and insurance companies know you are available to
take photographs of personal injuries and damage to property, ready
for use in whatever claims and court cases might ensue.
- Offer a novel alternative to traditional business cards. Include
photographs of the card holder. Advertise your service and take
samples of your work to small businesses, large commercial and industrial
enterprises, private individuals, and so on. You might find a few ask
you to o their next passport photographs. Incorporate an ideas section
and perhaps include a month by month checklist of suitable topics.
August-September, for instance, might be time to think about approaching
magazines and newspapers with ideas for Guy Fawkes themes and bonfire
photographs.
- If you're really good you might try starting course in photography.
Take a room in your local college or operate by correspondence.
- Print photographs onto t-shirts and other items of clothing.
- Offer to photograph valuable items for insurance purposes or else
to help identify 'lost and found' or stolen property.
- Buy and sell used and second-hand photographic equipment by
catalogue or list. Alternatively, specialise in very old 'antique'
cameras and accessories. Sell at antique and collectors' fairs.
Watch the weekend press for details of events. Then ring the
organiser and ask for a venues list and details of stall fees.
- Specialise in out of print photography books and magazines.
Sell by post to photographers and book collectors. Advertise
in photography magazines and book collectors' publications.
Alternatively sell at book fairs, antique and collectors' fairs.